RU2548569C1 - Electric distributing network - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: network is based on overhead power transmission lines (1), (2), (3), (4) with the voltage of 20 kV, 10 kV, 6 kV and (0.7-0.99) kV respectively. Lines (1), (2), (3) are connected through a single-transformer substation (5) 20(10)(6)/(0.7-0.99)/0.4 kV or 20(10)(6)/(0.7-0.99) kV by a circuit (6) to a transformer (7) winding of the overheard power transmission line (4) with voltage while by the other circuit (8) - to the transformer winding of the overheard power transmission line (9) with the voltage of 0.4 kV. Lines with the voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV are connected to consumers through individual step down pile-mounted transformer substations (0.7-0.99)/0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57)/0.23 kV with a switchgear cabinet of (0.23-0.4) kV. The network 4 is mounted both at non-insulated wires and self-supported insulated wires. The substation (5) is made as a three-phase transformer of 20(10)(6)/(0.7-0.99)/0.4 kV or a double-winding transformer of 20(10)(6)/(0.7-0.99) kV.

EFFECT: improved reliability and economic benefits of distributing power networks for consumers.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of production, conversion and distribution of electrical energy, for example, to an electric network of 0.4-6 (10) (20) kV and can be used in a single locality using elements of electric networks and individual transformer substations.

A single-wire distribution network is known that contains a power source, a three-wire network connected to it, a step-down transformer, while an intermediate transformer is additionally installed on the branch from the three-wire network main having a connection of primary windings according to the "star" scheme, and secondary windings - according to the "open triangle" ”, In which one of the windings is turned on counter to two other windings, one of the terminals of the“ open triangle ”is connected to the ground, and the second, through dnorodnuyu line connected to one of the terminals of single-phase step-down transformer, a second terminal of which is connected to the ground [1].

This single-wire distribution network relates to traditional two-level distribution voltage systems in which groups of consumers are powered from a single voltage energy source, which is reduced, for example, by transformer substations to the level of 0.4 kV electrical networks, which are the last link in the transmission and distribution network of electrical energy from generating sources directly to consumers. However, these electrical networks have significant drawbacks, primarily regarding low bandwidth, the presence of a large number of obsolete equipment and losses associated with the technical simplicity of unauthorized connection to such networks.

Also known is an electrical distribution network containing a supply line, two-transformer substations with a voltage of 10 (6) / 0.4 kV, and cable or overhead insulated lines with a voltage of 0.4 kV [2].

However, this known technical solution has the following disadvantages:

- large length of medium voltage network (overhead power lines 10 kV and 6 kV);

- a significant number of short branches from lines to consumers, which leads to increased damage from power outages;

- this distribution network scheme is not only technically, but also economically less reliable due to the high cost of medium-voltage components, which are more expensive than low-voltage components both in design and in production technology;

- significant investment and maintenance costs of traditional mid-voltage overhead power lines.

The applicant set himself the specific task of developing an electric distribution network of 20 (10) (6) -0.4 kV, characterized by high reliability and quality of electric energy among consumers, low losses (about 4-6%) of electricity during transmission and distribution in networks 0.4 kV, which determines the efficiency of electric power transmission through low-voltage networks. The above practical technical result was achieved thanks to a new set of essential design features of the claimed electrical distribution network set forth in the claims below: “an electrical distribution network comprising an overhead power line with a voltage of 20 kV or an overhead power line with a voltage of 10 kV or overhead power line with a voltage of 6 kV and overhead power line voltage (0.7-0.99) kV, selected taking into account deviations from the minimum voltage of 0.7 kV to a maximum voltage value of 0.99 kV, each of which is made with an isolated neutral or grounded neutral, while 20 kV or 10 kV or 6 kV lines are connected through at least one transformer substation 20 ( 10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV, at least in a single-circuit version, thus that one of their circuits is connected to the winding of the overhead power line transformer with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV, or that their other circuit is connected to the windings of the overhead power line transformer transmission of 0.4 kV, made with a grounded or isolated neutral, and the lines (0.7-0.99) kV are connected to consumers through individual step-down pole transformer substations (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or ( 0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV with a distribution cabinet (0.23-0.4) kV; the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV is mounted on bare wires or self-supporting insulated wires (SIP) and is separated by end switches (0.23-0.4) kV from the said individual down-conductor transformers (0, 7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV; To ensure increased reliability of power supply during short circuits and damage to the lines, trunk lines with branches in the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV are partitioned with mutual redundancy of the circuits from feeders by installing low-voltage switching equipment; as the mentioned low-voltage switching equipment, contactors, magnetic starters, reclosers, etc .; individual transformers of the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV are made in the form of three-phase transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and / or single-phase transformers (0.4-0.57) / 0, 23 kV; transformer substation 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV is designed as a three-winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, which makes it possible to power consumers outside the range of 0.4 kV line feeders, while consumers close to the three-winding transformer are connected to the overhead power transmission line with a voltage of 0.4 kV, and consumers far from the three-winding transformer are connected to the overhead line power transmission voltage (0.7-0.99) kV; transformer substation 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV is designed as a double winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV, which allows powering consumers located beyond the limits of the lengths of the line feeders 0.4 kV from a double-winding transformer; the remote monitoring system of transformers 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV, (0, 7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV. "

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 presents a schematic diagram of an electrical distribution network made in accordance with the present invention.

The proposed electric distribution network is based on an overhead power line 1 of an average voltage class of 20 kV or an overhead power line 2 of an average voltage class of 10 kV, or an overhead power line 3 of an average voltage class of 6 kV and an overhead power line 4 of voltage (0.7-0, 99) kV, selected taking into account deviations from the minimum voltage value of 0.7 kV to the maximum voltage value of 0.99 kV. All lines of these voltage classes can be run with an isolated neutral or a grounded neutral and connected through a single transformer substation 5 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV. If the connection is made in a single-circuit version, then the circuit 6 of the lines 20 kV, 10 kV, 6 kV is connected to the winding of the transformer 7 of the overhead power line 4 with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV, and, if necessary, their other circuit 8 is connected to the winding of the transformer overhead power line 9 with a voltage of 0.4 kV, which is also performed with a grounded or insulated neutral. Voltage lines (0.7-0.99) kV are connected to consumers through individual step-down pole transformer substations (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV with distribution cabinet (0.23-0.4) kV (not shown).

Distribution network 4 of voltage (0.7-0.99) kV can be mounted both on uninsulated wires and on self-supporting insulated wires (SIP) and is separated by end switches (0.22-0.4) kV from individual consumers step-down pole transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV.

In order to increase the reliability of power supply during short circuits and faults in the lines, trunk lines with branches in the distribution network 4 of voltage (0.7-0.99) kV can be partitioned with mutual redundancy of circuits from feeders by installing low-voltage switching equipment, for example contactors, magnetic starters, reclosers and other devices of a similar purpose.

Individual transformers of the distribution network 4 with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV are made in the form of three-phase transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and / or single-phase transformers (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV.

Single-transformer substation 5 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV can be made in the form of a three-winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, which allows you to power consumers outside the range of the length of the feeders of line 9 voltage of 0.4 kV. Consumers close to the three-winding transformer are connected in this case to the overhead power line with a voltage of 0.4 kV, and consumers far from the three-winding transformer are connected to the overhead power line 4 with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV.

Another option is the implementation of a single-transformer substation 5 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV in the form of a double-winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV, allowing power consumers located outside the range of the lengths of the line 9 feeders with a voltage of 0.4 kV from a double-winding transformer.

In this technical solution, a remote monitoring system of transformers 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) can be used kV, (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV.

The principle of an electricity distribution system with an intermediate voltage (0.7-0.99) kV consists in the construction and organization of networks of this voltage class on existing low voltage networks, for example 0.4 kV, with the installation of transformer substations 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV and individual small power transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0 , 4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV in direct proximity to end consumers, for example, on a closely located support (0.7-0.99) kV. Such a technical solution regarding the distribution of electric energy makes it possible to significantly reduce the branching over the distances of the network 20 (10) (6) kV, that is, solders from overhead power lines 20 (10) (6) kV to transformer substations 20 (10) (6 ) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, in the range of location, for example, of electricity-consuming settlements or industrial consumers and, in addition, reduces the number of substations 20 (10) (6) / (0, 7-0.99) / 0.4 kV due to the installation of feeders (0.7-0.99) kV significantly longer than the feeders of 0.4 kV, length.

The voltage system (0.7-0.99) kV, for example, is carried out with a dull grounded neutral, which ensures good safety for all living in the served territory by directly disconnecting short circuits in any type of network.

Overhead power lines (0.7-0.99) kV are also constructed as 0.4 kV overhead power lines, with practically the same dimensions and type of insulation, and in substations 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0 , 99) / 0.4 kV or 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV standard equipment can be used. A voltage system (0.7-0.99) kV is advantageous where for some reason (for example, dense residential development) it is not possible to build a distribution network of 20-10-6 kV to power new transformer substations 20 (10) ( 6) / 0.4 kV, as a result, it turns out to be advisable to transfer part of the distribution networks of 0.4 kV to distribution networks (0.7-0.99) kV.

The proposed electric distribution network with an intermediate distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV can significantly increase the economic efficiency of distribution systems for power supply to consumers, reduce the cost of building and operating networks, solve problems arising from the deterioration of network infrastructure by introducing new methods and mechanisms for regulating the distribution of electricity, to resolve the issues of quality and reliability of electrical distribution systems.

Information sources

1. Description of the invention to patent No. 2205490, “Single-wire distribution network”, H02J 3/00, H02H 9/00, claimed on 08.27.2001, published on 05.27.2003.

2. Description of the invention to patent No. 2417499, “Method of placing consumer transformer substations in electric networks with insulated neutral”, H02J 3/00, claimed 10.11.2009, published 04/27/2011.

3. Description of the invention to patent No. 2292104, "Single-wire distribution network", H02J 3/00, H02H 9/00, claimed 197.05.2005, published 01.20.2007.

4. Description of the invention to patent No. 2227955, “Electric distribution network”, H02J 3/04, claimed January 14, 2003, published May 27, 2004.

5. Description of the invention to patent No. 2133079, “Electricity supply network”, Н04В 3/54, H02J 3/00, claimed on 11/24/1994, published on 10.07.1999.

6. Description of the invention to patent No. 20155600, “Power supply system”, H02J 3/00, claimed 18.06.1991, published 30.06.1994.

7. US patent No. 4556856, H04B 3/54, published 03.12.85.

8. US Patent No. 6066897, H02J 3/04, published May 23, 2000.

9. French Patent No. 2643199A1, H04B 3/54, published August 17, 90.

10. Utility Model Patent No. 111363 “Electric Power System”, H02J 3/00, filed April 12, 2011, published December 10, 2011.

11. Utility Model Patent No. 118133 “Electric Power Transmission System”, H02J 3/00, filed December 28, 2011, published July 10, 2012.

Claims (8)

1. An electrical distribution network comprising an overhead power line with a voltage of 20 kV or an overhead power line with a voltage of 10 kV, or an overhead power line with a voltage of 6 kV and an overhead power line with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV, selected taking into account deviations from the minimum voltage values of 0.7 kV to a maximum voltage value of 0.99 kV, each of which is made with an isolated neutral or grounded neutral, while the lines of 20 kV or 10 kV, or 6 kV are connected through at least non-transformer substation 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV in at least one circuit variant, in such a way that one of their circuit is connected to the winding of the transformer overhead power line voltage (0.7-0.99) kV or another of their circuit is connected to the winding of the transformer overhead power line 0.4 kV, made with a grounded or insulated neutral, moreover, the lines (0.7-0.99) kV are connected to consumers through individual step-down pole-type transformer substations (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV with races switch cabinet (0.23-0.4) kV. 2. The network according to claim 1, in which the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV is mounted on uninsulated wires or self-supporting insulated wires (SIPs) and is separated by end switches from the end consumers (0.22-0.4) kV from the mentioned individual step-down pole transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV or (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV. 3. The network according to claim 2, in which, to ensure the reliability of power supply during short circuits and damage to the lines, the trunk lines with branches in the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV are partitioned with mutual redundancy of the circuits from the feeders by installing a low-voltage switching equipment. 4. The network according to claim 3, in which contactors, magnetic starters, reclosers, etc. are used as the mentioned low-voltage switching equipment. 5. The network according to claim 2, in which individual transformers of the distribution network (0.7-0.99) kV are made in the form of three-phase transformers (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and / or single-phase transformers (0 , 4-0.57) / 0.23 kV. 6. The network according to claim 1, in which the transformer substation 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV is made in the form of a three-winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0, 7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, which allows power supply to consumers located outside the range of 0.4 kV line feeders, while consumers close to the three-winding transformer are connected to the overhead power line with a voltage of 0.4 kV, and consumers located far from the three-winding transformer are connected to the overhead power transmission line with a voltage of (0.7-0.99) kV. 7. The network according to claim 1, in which the transformer substation 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) kV is made in the form of a double winding transformer 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0, 99) kV, which allows powering consumers located outside the range of 0.4 kV line feeder lengths from a double-winding transformer. 8. The network according to claim 1, in which a remote monitoring system of transformers 20 (10) (6) / (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV, 20 (10) (6) / (0.7 -0.99) kV, (0.7-0.99) / 0.4 kV and (0.4-0.57) / 0.23 kV.