RU2546512C2 - Method of production of thread connection of parts made of felt - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to light industry and can be used for production of sealed joints in the manufacture of products from felt to increase the heat-protective and deformation and strength properties of the products. The method of production of thread connections of parts made of felt comprises forming thread connection and its sealing, comprises additional preparing the part edges by deflating their thickness at an angle of α=30°-45°, which is set according to the properties of the materials used, such as: type of felt, its structure and thickness; making thread connection in the form of 4 or 5-thread flat seam with a frequency of stitching of 3-6 stitches/cm, and the sealing of thread connection is carried out by uniform applying of the sealant in the seam area with the flow of 0.03-0.04 g/cm² followed by drying. The proposed method enables to improve the hygienic, operational and aesthetic properties of the thread connection. Sealing is carried out without additional mechanical, thermal or chemical effect on the joined materials, and also without the use of additional auxiliary materials, namely, adhesives, sealing tape, which enables to reduce material costs in the manufacture of the perform of shoe upper of felt.

EFFECT: increase in heat-protective and deformation and strength properties of products.

2 dwg, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to light industry in the manufacture of products from felt and can be used to obtain airtight seams that increase heat-shielding and deformation-strength properties.

There is a method of producing waterproof seams, according to which a thread sealant solution is continuously fed to the thread line in parallel with the formation of the thread line [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the lack of sealing of air gaps between the layers of materials in the seam.

A known method of producing waterproof thread connections [2], including the use of a large package of materials, the introduction of an adhesive mass in the joints between the parts to be joined and subsequent hot pressing on both sides with punches. Under the influence of pressure and temperature, the adhesive mass hardens, providing a durable waterproof seam. The disadvantages of the method are the high complexity, the need for temperature effects on the seam area to ensure its tightness, material consumption, stiffness of the seams, the complexity of the technical design.

A known method of forming a thread connection by introducing between the joined layers of a self-adhesive sealing film in the process of grinding parts [3]. In this case, the gluing of the sealing tape is carried out simultaneously with the formation of a thread connection. Before applying the sealing tape to the surface of the stitched materials, glue is applied and the parts are thermo-glued.

The disadvantages of this method is the need to use auxiliary adhesives, hermetic tape, special equipment for converting the tape into a thermoplastic state and devices for applying glue. The seams formed in this way are in contact with the sealing tape on the surface of the seam, with poor diffusion of the sealant into the joint, which can lead to loss of waterproof properties, mechanical or chemical damage to the tape, or peeling from the main material during operation of the product. Moreover, this method is unlikely to be applicable when grinding parts from such a fibrous-porous material as felt.

The closest analogue of the claimed technical solution is a method of joining canvases [4], including the formation of a thread connection and its sealing, and the edges of the parts of the connected canvases are obliquely lowered and sewn with a thread seam.

The specified method does not provide sealing of punctures formed as a result of grinding parts, and the necessary elasticity of the connection.

The technical task of the proposed method is to simultaneously increase the elongation and strength of the thread connection of parts from felt, expand the variety of types of seams used in the shoe industry for bonding fibrous materials, in particular parts from felt, and increase the thermal resistance and tightness of the seam.

The technical problem is solved as follows:

A method of producing thread connections of parts from felt, including preparing the edges of the edges of the parts to be joined by lowering, grinding them and sealing, while the edges are lowered to a width of 5-6 mm at an angle of no more than 30 degrees, grinding is performed in the form of 4 or 5 filament flat seam with a stitching frequency of 3-6 st. / cm, and sealing is carried out by rubbing the silicone sealant "Gleo-PRO" in the weld area with a flow rate of 0.03-0.04 g / cm ² followed by natural drying lasting 10-20 min

The advantages in using this method for producing filamentous seams are to increase strength, reduce stiffness, improve aesthetic and hygienic characteristics: beautiful appearance of the seam, increase hydrophobic and heat-shielding properties. After grinding the parts, a sealant is applied and rubbed, as a result of which it penetrates deep into the fibrous material and fills the puncture holes with a needle. At the same time, the appearance of the seams does not deteriorate, since the film formed on the surface of the thread stitch is transparent and colorless (Figure 1). Sealed thread seams have a high level of water resistance, which lasts for a long period of operation.

Sealing a filament seam with this method allows to reduce heat loss due to punctures and destruction of the fibers with a needle during sewing.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a sealed flat seam.

An example of the practical implementation of the method

As the objects of study, we selected fine-wool felt GOST 11025-78, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material are presented in table 1. For bonding, we use AHL-type threads reinforced with a polyester braid, grade 45LX (see table 2). To connect parts from felt, a JUKI-7723 machine with a flat base is used for a 4- or 5-thread flat seam.

As a sealant, the composition “Cleo-PRO” (France) was used, the characteristic is given in table 3. The advantages of its use are that it has improved hygienic properties, is well absorbed into the structure of the material, has no organic solvents in its composition, and is not toxic and does not cause allergies. The specified set of essential distinguishing features allows to reduce the stiffness of the seam while maintaining its strength and makes it possible to increase the heat-shielding properties of the thread connection, reducing heat loss by sealing needle punctures with a needle. The criteria for assessing the quality of the proposed method for producing joints with enhanced hydrophobic properties are: tensile strength P kN, tensile elongation L, mm and thermal resistance R.

Example 1

The edges of the parts from the felt are lowered at an angle £ = 30 °. Felt parts are joined on a sewing machine with a 4-thread flat seam, with a stitch frequency of 3 stitches per 1 cm. The obtained thread connection is treated with sealant, by applying a thin even layer, with uniform distribution over the entire area of the connection, with a layer thickness of 0.5-0 , 9 mm, 12 mm wide, from a flow rate of 0.03 g / cm ² , providing complete overlapping of the holes from the needle punctures with a sealing compound. After natural drying, lasting 10-20 minutes, the sealant is completely absorbed. The use of a flat seam in the blanks of the shoe upper made of felt allows to reduce the stiffness of the seam while maintaining its strength and makes it possible to increase the heat-shielding properties of the thread connection, reducing heat loss by sealing needle punctures with a needle. The results are presented in table 4.

Example 2

The processing of parts is carried out as in example 1, but using a 5-thread seam with a stitch frequency of 4 stitches per 1 cm. The results are presented in table 4.

Example 3

The processing of parts is carried out as in example 1. The edges of the parts from the felt are lowered at an angle of £ = 45, the stitch frequency is 6 stitches per 1 cm. The joint was sealed after the parts were grinded with one-component silicone sealant “Cleo-PRO”, France, layer thickness 0.5-0 , 9 mm, a width of 12 mm, from a flow rate of 0.04 g per cm ² . The results are presented in table 4.

The criteria for assessing the quality of the proposed method for producing joints with enhanced hydrophobic properties are: tensile strength P, tensile elongation L and thermal resistance R.

Table 4 presents the indicators of the deformation-strength and heat-shielding properties of thread seams, depending on the selected technological parameters of grinding, illustrating examples. The values of strength and tensile elongation were obtained on a RT-250 machine (GOST 28073-89). The study of heat-shielding properties was carried out by the method of an unlimited flat layer.

Table 5 gives a comparative description of the deformation-strength heat-shielding properties and properties of the analogue with our method, example 1.

The proposed method allows to improve the hygienic, operational and aesthetic properties of the thread compound. Sealing is carried out without additional mechanical, thermal or chemical effects on the fastened materials, as well as without the use of additional auxiliary materials, namely glues, sealing tape, which allows to reduce material costs in the manufacture of the shoe upper from felt. This method ensures the complete penetration of the sealant into the material, due to the good adhesion of the sealant to the material. The thermal resistance of felt materials bonded in this way increased by 24% compared to the analogue.

The criteria for assessing the quality of the proposed method for producing joints with enhanced hydrophobic properties are: tensile strength P kN, elongation L, mm and thermal resistance R.

Information sources

1. The patent of Germany 3209054, IPC D05B 1/26, D05B 17/00, 1983.

2. Patent DE 3621743, IPC D05B 1/26, 1988.

3. Patent RU 2211264, IPC D05B 1/26, 2003.

4. USSR AS No. 1757595, А41Н 43/04, 1992.

Table 1 Physico-mechanical and chemical indicators of samples of fine-wool felt (GOST 11025-78) Name of indicator Norm Humidity% 13 Density, g / cm ³ 0.28 Mass fraction of free sulfuric acid,% no more 0.3 Mass fraction of free residual alkali,% no more 0.2 Mass fraction of mineral impurities (together with ash from plant impurities),% no more 0.12 Mass fraction of plant impurities,% no more 0.7 Mass fraction of non-wool fibers,% no more 5,0 Thickness mm 3.0 ± 0.25 Thermal resistance

table 2 Physico-mechanical and chemical indicators of threads 45ЛХ (GOST 6309-93) Name of indicator Norm Harsh Thread Structure 21.0 tex × 2 The resulting nominal linear density of threads, T _n , tex 43.5 Permissible relative deviation of the resulting conditional linear density of threads from the resulting nominal linear density,% ± 6 Breaking load of the thread when tested by the method of breaking one thread, SN, not less 1725.0 Breaking load of the thread when tested by the method of breaking one thread, gf, not less 1758.0 Coefficient of variation in breaking load,%, no more 7.5 Elongation at break,%, no more 22.0 Normalized humidity of threads,% 1,0

Table 3 Indicators of properties of silicone sealant "Cleo-PRO" (France) Property Name Characteristic 1. Binder polysiloxane 2. Consistency stable paste 3. The hardening process under the influence of moisture 4. The time of formation of the surface film 7 minutes (at 20 C / 65%). 5. Hardening time 1.5 mm / 24 hours (at 20 C / 65%). 6. Hardness (Shore) 25 7. Density 1.03 g / cm ³ 8. Shrinkage absent 9. Heat resistance From -60 to +200 C 10. Elongation at break > 500% (DIN 53504) 11. The modulus of elasticity (E) 0.45 N / mm ² (VShT 53504) 12. Maximum deformation 25% 13. Strength 1.50 N / mm ² (DIN 53504). 14. Surfaces Glass 15. Connection dimensions: minimum width 2 mm 16. Connection dimensions: maximum width 10 mm 17. Color colorless

Table 4 Values of tensile loads and elongations of samples and thermal resistance of joints treated with Cleo -Pro sealant No. p / p Breaking strength P, N Elongation L, mm Thermal resistance R, m ² * K / W one 550 38 0,066 2 450 34 0,064 3 510 36 0,062

Table 5 Comparative characteristics of the properties of the proposed method for connecting parts of the upper from felt to an analog Thread quality indicator Analog Values Values declared connections way Breaking strength P, N 534 550 Elongation L, mm 33 38 Thermal resistance R, m ² * K / W 0,054 0,066

Claims (1)

A method of producing thread connections of parts from felt, including preparing the edge of the edges of the parts to be joined from felt by lowering, seaming them and sealing, characterized in that the sewing is performed in the form of a 4 or 5 thread flat seam with a stitch frequency of 3-6 st. / cm, and sealing is carried out by rubbing the silicone sealant "Gleo-PRO" in the weld area with a flow rate of 0.03-0.04 g / cm ² and subsequent natural drying.

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