RU2545463C1 - Multifrequency-phase sounding (mfp sounding) for searches and detail exploration of oil and gas deposits and prospecting and exploration system to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: multifrequency-phase sounding method includes an impact by an electric field and a seismic wave on oil and gas deposits (OGD), in result the electric polarisation and movement of oil and gas fluid particles is initiated in a reservoir rock thus forming an electromagnetic field (OGD-response) adequate to the above impact. Parameters of the OGD-response are measured and recorded; the above parameters reflect the changes in phase-frequency characteristics of the seismic wave spectrum when the wave passes through OGD thus enabling the recording of the OGD availability and determination of their characteristics.

EFFECT: improved efficiency and probability of the proved detection of oil and gas deposits.

12 cl, 21 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of exploration geophysics and is intended to conduct searches and a detailed study of oil and gas deposits (NGZ) on land, offshore and in deep sea waters (including those with permanent ice cover), as well as monitoring reserves in exploited NGZ in the interests of rational nature management.

Known methods based on the study of the anomalous effects created by NGD under the influence of one of the natural or artificially excited physical fields - seismic, electrical, gravimetry, magnetic, thermal, radiometry and geochemistry (http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geophysics, http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1173309/, http://geo.web.ru/db/msg.html?mid=1161637&uri=page17.html).

All of the above methods use a physical field of the same kind, while almost all existing natural physical fields and the results of their interaction are present in the NGD and its environment.

Seismoelectric methods are also known that combine seismic and electrical exploration based on the seismoelectric effect (SEE) - the occurrence of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the environment of a non-explosive environment under the influence of a seismic wave, which causes the movement of particles of oil and gas fluid in micron-sized capillaries of the host reservoir rock (US patent 4904942 ) As a result of this movement, due to the friction of the particles of oil and gas fluid on the solid walls of the capillaries and overcoming the forces of surface tension, they are electrified. However, the resulting EMFs are usually of such low intensity that the seismoelectric methods have still not found practical application in oil and gas exploration, since their real depth does not exceed several hundred meters.

Seismoelectromagnetic (SEM) methods are also known (US Pat. Nos. 7,042,801, 7,330,790), which, together with the essential features characterizing them, are the closest analogue of the claimed objects. The disadvantages, in particular, of the closest analogue are low noise immunity in the presence of electromagnetic and acoustic interference of natural and artificial origin, which forces the use of complex methods of processing the received signals, which can not always provide high-quality results in real time. The reason for this is that in the SEM methods, only pulse-transition parameters and amplitude-time characteristics of the secondary electromagnetic field are used as information data, which do not allow reliable determination of the depth and productive capacity of the gas condensate separation plant.

The problem being solved by the described invention is the improvement of well-known methods and devices, in particular the target complex effect on the desired NGD of two or more heterogeneous physical fields (polarizing electric fields and periodic multi-frequency seismic effects) in order to obtain information about the phase-frequency characteristics (PFC) of electromagnetic response signals ( NGS responses) of the secondary EMF generated by NGS under the complex influence of these physical fields.

The technical result achieved in this case is to increase the efficiency and probability of reliable detection of NGD, a qualitative detailed description of the required NGZ.

The specified technical result is achieved using the proposed method and device for its implementation, schematically reflected in the following drawings:

FIG. 1. Schematic representation of NGZ (Option).

FIG. 2. The idealized structure of NGZ.

FIG. 3. Representation of NGZ in the form of a capacitor.

FIG. 4. Capillary model of NGZ.

FIG. 5. Influencing and information fields according to the MP method.

FIG.6. Basic operations according to the MP method.

FIG. 7. 3D-configuration of the exploration complex (PRK) for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 8. The principle of organization of the MN reception line in one shoulder.

FIG. 9. Schematic representation of the one-shoulder MN receive line.

FIG. 10. The principle of organizing the receiving line MN “into the gap” in two symmetrical arms along one line.

FIG. 11. Schematic representation of the receiving line MN "into the gap" in two symmetrical arms along one line.

FIG. 12. Phasometric device for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) by the electrical (E) components of the NGZ response.

FIG.13. Phasometric device for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) by the magnetic (N) components of the NGZ response.

FIG. 14. The phasometric device for determining the power of the NGZ and the oil / free gas ratio in the NGZ (FMU-M) by the electrical (E) components of the NGZ response.

FIG. 15. The phasometric device for determining the power of the NGD and the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD (FMU-M) by the magnetic (N) components of the NGD response.

FIG.16. Block diagram of the PRK for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 17. X-shaped PPH for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 18. V-shaped PPH for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 19. Linear two-arm PRK for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 20. L-shaped PPH for the implementation of the MFZ method.

FIG. 21. Linear single-arm PRK for the implementation of the MFZ method.

The main structural nodes and features of the claimed device and auxiliary images are identified by a list of their designations in the indicated figures, namely:

1 - sedimentary rocks;

2 - tire;

3 - free gas;

4 - oil;

5 - water;

6 - reservoir rock;

7 - free gas zone;

8 - zone of oil with dissolved gas;

9 - oil zone;

10 - hydrophobic zone of oil;

11 - zone of mineralized water;

12 - capillaries;

13 - hardware-software complex (AIC);

14 - source of elastic vibrations (IAA);

15 - seismic receiver (SP);

16 - supply line AB;

17 - receiving line MN;

18 - three-component magnetometer;

19 - receivers of electrical (E) components of the NGZ response;

20 - movable module (PM);

21 - electric field;

22 - seismic wave;

23 - direction of the incident seismic wave;

24 - direction of displacement of particles of oil and gas fluid;

25 - electrical (E) components of the NGZ response;

26 — magnetic (H) components of the NGZ response;

27 - the BEGINNING of operations using the MFZ method;

28 - 1 STAGE - PREPARATION;

29 - operation “Occupation of the initial position”;

30 - operation "DEPLOYMENT OF THE SEARCH AND EXPLORATION COMPLEX";

31 - 2 STAGE - SEARCH;

32 - operation "ELECTRIC POLARIZATION";

33 - operation "SEISMIC IMPACT";

34 - operation "RECEIVING AND REGISTRATION OF DATA";

35 - operation "DETECTION OF NGZ";

36 - 3 STAGE - DETAILED EXPLORATION;

37 - operation "MOVING PM BY PROFILES";

38 - operation "ACCUMULATION OF DATA ARRAY";

39 - 4 STEP - DESCRIPTION;

40 - operation “INTERPRETATION OF DATA”;

41 - operation "DETERMINATION OF THE DEPTH OF DEPOSITING NGZ";

42 - operation "DETERMINATION OF CAPACITY NGZ";

43 - operation "DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OIL / FREE GAS IN NGZ";

44 - operation "DESCRIPTION OF NGZ";

45 - END of operations on the MFZ method;

46 - input filter;

47 - adder;

48 - scale amplifier;

49 - device instant automatic gain control (MARU);

50 - digital filter;

51 - phase meter;

52 - pulse shaper;

53 - meter time intervals;

54 - frequency multiplier;

55 - channel FMU-M from the receiving line M _X N _X ;

56 - channel FMU-M from the receiving line M _Y N _Y ;

57 - channel FMU-M from the receiving line M _Z N _Z ;

58 - control and processing unit (BWO);

59 - the main computer (RS _O );

60 - transceiver equipment (PAP);

61 - receiver GPS / GLONASS;

62 - generator block (GB);

63 - electric generator;

64 - receiving and measuring unit (PIB);

65 - auxiliary computer (RS _V );

66 - transformer;

67 - controlled rectifier;

68 - pulse generator;

69 - generator of elastic vibrations;

70 - GPS / GLONASS coordinate reference system;

71 - phase-measuring device for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G);

72 is a phasometric device for determining the power of NGZ and the ratio of free gas / oil in NGZ (FMU-M);

73 - antenna transceiver equipment (PAP);

74 - antenna receiver GPS / GLONASS;

The method of multi-frequency phase sensing (MFZ-method) of prospecting and detailed exploration of oil and gas deposits (NGZ) is characterized by a set of interconnected, focused on achieving the indicated achievable technical result operations reflected in the claims. The MFZ method includes the following steps, during which the NGP is electrically polarized by creating an electric field of a three-dimensional spatial configuration and a stable amplitude-phase spectrum and purposefully using multi-frequency seismic sources of three-dimensional spatial configuration using elastic (seismic) vibration sources (IAA) with stable amplitude-phase spectra, which affect the NHS. As a result of the complex effects of these physical fields, electric polarization and the subsequent movement of particles of oil and gas fluid in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the reservoir rock are initiated. In this way, an electromagnetic field adequate to these effects is formed in the NGD and its environment (NGD response), the parameters of the NGD response formed in this way are measured and recorded, reflecting the change in the main phase-frequency characteristics (PFC) of the spectrum of the seismic wave when it passes through the NGD.

If an abnormal, exceeding the measured background value over areas without anomalies is detected, phase difference between the different frequencies (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th) harmonics of the NGZ response and the initial ones taken as reference, different frequencies (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th ) harmonics of seismic effects, record the presence of NGD in the studied geological section. Then, the above operations are repeated over the profiles within the studied area and a database of measured parameters of the NGZ responses is formed to determine the depth, power and oil / free gas ratio of the NGZ. By analyzing and producing a geological and geophysical interpretation of the data obtained, they form a set of computer codes that are adequate to them, and determine the characteristics and parameters of the study NGS, on the basis of which 2D and 3D graphic images of maps, sections, and 3D models of NGZ are formed. If necessary, repeat the above set of operations.

A useful modification of the claimed object is a method in which, to determine the depth of the NGD, the obtained data on the phase shifts between the 1st harmonic of the initial seismic effect and the 1st harmonic of the NGD response are measured and interpreted. To clarify the desired result, time shifts are additionally measured between the leading edges of the initial seismic effect and the NGS response at a known propagation velocity of the seismic wave in the studied geological section. This also applies to a method in which, to determine the power of an OGD, the obtained data on changes in the values of phase shifts between the 1st and 2nd ÷ 7th harmonics in the OGG response relative to their values in the initial seismic action arising from the phase velocity dispersion are measured and interpreted a seismic wave as it passes through the NGZ. A method is also useful in which, to determine the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD, the obtained data on changes in the values of phase shifts between the 1st and 2nd ÷ 7th harmonics in the NGD response relative to their values in the initial seismic impact arising from the dispersion of the phase velocity of a seismic wave when it passes through the NGZ, with sequential seismic action in the frequency range 1-30 Hz in steps of 1-5 Hz.

The search and exploration complex (PRK) for the implementation of the claimed method is characterized by a combination of interconnected focused on achieving the specified achievable technical result of the design features reflected in the claims and their features. The PRK is made in the form of interconnected transceiver equipment (PAP) of a hardware-software complex (AIC) and selected from one to twelve movable modules (PM). Each PM is composed of interconnected control and information processing unit (CUO), which includes an auxiliary computer (RS _V ) and a coordinate reference system (GPS), a receiving and measuring unit (PIB), including a seismic receiver (SP), a three-component magnetometer, and a phase meter a device for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) by magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) components of the NGZ response, a phase-measuring device for determining the power of NGZ and the oil / free gas ratio in NGZ (FMU-M) by magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) face, generator unit (GB), including an electric generator, generator of elastic vibrations, source of elastic vibrations (IAA).

Moreover, the agro-industrial complex is composed of interconnected control and information processing unit (CUO), which includes the main computer (RS _O ) and coordinate reference system (GPS), the generator unit (GB), which includes an electric generator, a transformer, three pulse generators, one for each each of the supply lines (AB) connected to the transformer through controlled rectifiers, an elastic oscillation generator, an elastic oscillation source (IAA), three mutually perpendicular supply lines (AB), two of which (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in horizontal planes with the formation of a symmetrical cross. Each of A _X B _X and A _Y B _{Y is} connected to the generator block “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and the third (A _Z B _Z ) is connected to the generator block in one shoulder and placed vertically down from the intersection of two horizontal ones.

The receiving and measuring unit (PIB) of the agro-industrial complex includes a seismic receiver (SP), a three-component magnetometer, a phasometric device for determining the depth of the NGD (FMU-G) based on the magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) components of the NGZ response, a phase-measuring device for determining NGZ power and oil / free gas ratio in NGZ (FMU-M) by magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) components of the NGZ response, a phase measuring device for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) by electrical (E _X , E _Y and E _Z ) the components of the NGS response, a phase measuring device for determining power NGZ and oil / free gas ratios in NGZ (FMU-M) for electrical (E _X , E _Y and E _Z ) components of the NGZ response, three mutually perpendicular receiving lines (MN). Two of them (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in the horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross coaxially with the feeding lines A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y. In this case, each line M _X N _X and M _Y N _{Y is} connected to the receiving and measuring unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and the third (M _Z N _Z ) is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one arm and placed vertically downward coaxially supply line A _Z B _Z from the intersection of two horizontal. At the same time, from 3 to 24 meters of electric field components are connected to each arm of each of the receiving lines (MN).

A useful modification of the claimed device is a complex in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross, each connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross coaxially with the supply lines A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y , each connected to the receiving and measuring unit “in gap” in two symmetrical shoulder. This also applies to a complex in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane from one point coaxially to the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder. A complex is also useful in which one supply line (A _X B _X ) is placed in the horizontal plane along one line and connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and one receiving line (M _X N _X ) is placed in the horizontal plane along one line coaxially with the supply line and connected to the receiving and measuring unit “into the gap” in two symmetrical arms.

A suitable modification is a complex in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Z B _Z ) are placed in a vertical plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder, one of which (A _X B _X ) is located horizontally and the other (A _Z B _Z ) vertically downward, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Z N _Z ) are placed in a vertical plane from one point with the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder, one of which (M _X N _X ) is located horizontally o coaxially with the supply line A _X B _X , and the other (M _Z N _Z ) - vertically down.

A complex is also useful in which one horizontal supply line (A _X B _X ) is connected to the generator unit in one shoulder and one horizontal reception line (M _X N _X ) is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder and placed from one point with the supply line coaxial to her.

It is also advisable to use modifications of the complex, in the agricultural and industrial complex of which three or four phase-measuring devices for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) are used to implement the claimed method, each of which includes three input filters for each of the electric ones (E _X , E _Y , E _Z ) and magnetic (H _X , H _Y , H _Z ) components of the NGD response, adder, two large-scale amplifiers (reference and information input) covered by an instant automatic gain control circuit (MARU), two digital filters, two pulse shapers , time meter and phase meter.

This also applies to the complex, in the AIC and PM of which three or four phase-measuring devices for determining the capacity of NGD and the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD (FMU-M) are used to implement the claimed method, each of which includes three measurement channels (channel X , channel Y and channel Z), one for each of the electrical (E _X , E _Y , E _X ) and magnetic (H _X , H _Y , H _Z ) components of the NGD response. Moreover, each of the channels includes an input filter, a large-scale amplifier covered by the MARU circuit, two digital filters, a frequency multiplier and a phase meter.

In summary, the essence of the invention lies in the fact that the proposed method is a combination of the following operations:

- creation of an electric field of a three-dimensional spatial configuration and a stable amplitude-phase spectrum for the electric polarization of NGD;

- periodic multi-frequency seismic action of a three-dimensional spatial configuration with stable amplitude-phase spectra for the oriented movement of polarized particles of oil and gas fluid in capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the reservoir relative to its solid skeleton, and the formation of an EMF adequate to this effect (NGS response) ;

- registration and measurement of the phase response of the thus formed NGZ response, which displays the change in the main phase response spectrum of the seismic wave passing through the layers of the GBZ and undergoes a change due to the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic waves in an absorbing nonlinear elastic medium of an oil and gas fluid;

- making a decision on the presence of NGD in the studied geological section when an abnormal (exceeding the measured value of the background over the areas without anomalies) phase difference between the different frequency (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th) harmonics of the NGZ response and accepted as reference different frequency (1- 7th and 2-7th) harmonics of the initial seismic impact;

- repetition of the above operations on the profiles within the studied geographical area in order to form a database of measured phase response characteristics of NGZ responses to determine the depth and thickness of NGZ;

- repetition of the above operations on profiles within the studied geographical area with a change in the frequency of seismic effects in the range of 1-30 Hz in steps of 1 Hz in order to form a database of measured phase-response characteristics of the NGZ responses to determine the oil / free gas ratio in the detected NGZ;

- analysis and geological and geophysical interpretation of the data obtained, the determination of the characteristics and parameters of the layers of the studied NGZ, on the basis of which 2D and 3D graphic images of maps, sections, 3D-models of NGZ are formed, if necessary, repeating the described set of operations.

The procedure for detecting and measuring the phase difference between different frequencies (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th) harmonics of the NGD response and reference different frequencies (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th) harmonics of the initial seismic effect eliminates the ambiguity of data interpretation, reduces the influence of natural noise and artificial origin, thereby increasing the likelihood and reliability of the detection of gas cover in the studied geological section, the accuracy of the description of the studied gas cover.

At the same time, the proposed method and device for its implementation, the prospecting and exploration complex (PRK), ensures the achievement of a technical result: increasing the efficiency of searches and the likelihood of reliable detection of NGZ, a qualitative detailed description of the discovered NGZ, as well as monitoring of reserves in the exploited NGZ.

It should be noted that in the application the principle of the unity of the invention is observed, since the proposed method and system have the same purpose, serve the same purpose, are inextricably linked to achieve the same technical result, and are interconnected by a single inventive concept, characterized the claims. Moreover, the concept of legal protection is based on the fact that the continuity and interconnectedness of the proposed objects, as well as the permissible variation in the implementation of certain essential features or their combination, predetermine, including the unconventional nature of the wording of some features. For example, the design features of the proposed system are reflected not only by the characteristics of the nodes included in it and their structural relationships, but also with the help of functional or structural analogues that uniquely characterize the device, the implementation of the necessary functions.

When presenting information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution, it is advisable to describe in more detail practical examples of its implementation. When describing the examples, it is not advisable to dwell in detail on the information known from the published data. It is advisable in detail to dwell only on the distinguishing essential features of the proposed solution. The explanatory examples given are not the only possible ones and clearly demonstrate the achievement by the given set of essential features of the required technical result.

In connection with the ambiguous interpretation by many experts of the terms and concepts used in the description of inventions from the field of geophysics and exploration, it is advisable to specifically give those definitions that are used in the formulations of essential features and a description of the declared objects:

- Oil and gas reservoir (NGZ) - a natural local accumulation of oil and gas in the void space of the host reservoir rock, usually limited by a fluid support above and supported by a layer of formation water from below, an integrated fluid dynamic system, localized geological structure (http: //www.mining-enc. com / n / neftegazovaya-zalezh /).

- The reservoir rock is a rock having a void space, permeability, in which the movement of liquid and gas under the influence of gravity and differential pressure is possible. The collector is limited by a fluid seal (screen, tire) - a rock that does not contain voids and channels, or contains voids and channels of such small sizes that makes it impossible to move liquid and gas.

- Layers of NGZ-contained in NGZ separated by virtue of their inherent physicochemical properties, layers of free gas, oil, oil with gas dissolved in it at the boundary of the gas-oil contact, the hydrophilic layer of oil at the border of the oil-water contact and mineralized water.

- Oil and gas fluid is a gas-oil system characterized by a state combining liquid oil and gas, the behavior of which during deformation can be described by the laws of fluid mechanics.

- Geological section - a transverse section of the upper layers of the earth's crust, containing rocks, faults and other geological structures lying below the surface of the Earth.

- NGZ response - a multi-frequency electromagnetic signal response from a secondary EMF arising in the NGZ and its environment.

- Search and exploration complex (PRK) - a complex of equipment for conducting searches and a detailed study of NGZ, which includes a hardware-software complex, one or two movable modules and a set of supply (AB) and receiving (MN) lines with primary field converters. Depending on the conditions of the work, the PRK can be placed on automobile chassis (land option) or in modules / containers for placement on the ship (maritime option).

- Hardware-software complex (AIC) - the main set of hardware and software in the PRK.

- Mobile module (PM) - an auxiliary set of hardware and software as part of the PRK, located on a moving platform (for example, on a car chassis or a ship).

The method consists in detecting, recording, analyzing and interpreting geophysical data obtained as a result of the reception and processing of NGD responses arising from the occurrence of physicochemical processes in the NGD initiated by the target complex effect of polarizing electric fields and seismic effects on the NGD.

The emergence of the NGS response is due to the effect of the electrokinetic transformation of the energy of seismic action into an electromagnetic field by an electrically polarized oil and gas fluid due to the occurrence of an electric current due to the oriented movement of charged particles of the oil and gas fluid in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the host reservoir rock. In this case, the phase response characteristics of the NGZ response unambiguously reflect the phase response frequency of the seismic wave passing through the layers of the gas pressure zone and undergo a change due to the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic waves in the absorbing nonlinear elastic medium of the oil and gas fluid, and their comparison with the reference phase response of the initial seismic effect allows practically reliable detection of the gas density and determine its characteristics and parameters, such as:

- spatial location of NGZ (contours, depth);

- averaged effective thickness (power) of NGZ;

- the ratio of free gas / oil in NGZ;

necessary for the subsequent formation of 2D and 3D graphic images of maps, sections, 3D-models of NGZ.

The method differs from the known in that:

- as information data, the phase response characteristics of the NGZ response arising from seismic action on a previously electrically polarized NGZ are considered. The main information parameter in the method is the phase difference between the different frequencies harmonics of the NGD response in comparison with the reference phase difference between the different frequencies harmonics of the initial seismic effect. In this case, the phenomenon of an abnormally high dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave, reflected in the phase-response characteristic of the NGD response, is observed exclusively in the NGD layers and is an almost reliable indicator of the presence of the NGD in the studied geological section;

- seismic and polarizing electrical influences are given specific spatial-temporal and phase-frequency configurations, which is achieved by the parameters of the equipment generating electrical and seismic effects, 2-3-dimensional geometry of the supply lines AB and the spatial separation of sources of elastic vibrations (IAA);

- it becomes possible to conduct 3D tensor measurements, which is ensured by creating a 2-3-dimensional configuration of the MN receiving lines in combination with the spatial separation of three-component magnetic field receivers (magnetometers) over the studied area.

Physicochemical basis of the MFZ method

NGZ is a natural accumulation of hydrocarbons (oil and gas) in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the host reservoir rock, limited by a top impermeable to oil and gas fluid and a layer of mineralized water from the bottom (FIG. 1).

At the same time, the volume of oil / free gas located in the NGZ has a number of unique properties:

- significantly greater compressibility than the skeleton of the reservoir containing it, sedimentary rocks and water;

- the ability to move in the capillaries of the collector;

- the ability to polarize under the influence of electric fields;

- the ability of electrokinetic conversion of mechanical energy of seismic effects into an electrical signal.

As a result of this, a well-defined dispersion of the phase velocity of seismic waves is observed in the NGZ, which is practically absent when they pass through ordinary sedimentary rocks.

The properties listed above give the NGZ generally unique features that clearly distinguish the presence of oil and gas fluid in the studied geological section, which are an almost unambiguous indicator of its presence and are suitable for use in oil and gas exploration.

NGZ, not disturbed by technological operations, can be represented in the form of an idealized structure (FIG. 2), in which there are five, not clearly delineated, but significantly different in their physicochemical properties of the zones:

- free gas zone;

- an oil zone with a high content of gas dissolved in it;

- oil zone (with a minimum gas content);

- hydrophobic oil zone (with a small water content) - water is located mainly along the walls of the capillaries of the reservoir, wetting their surface;

- zone of mineralized water.

Each of these zones has its own, significantly different physical, chemical-physical and electrophysical properties and reacts differently to external influences in the form of artificially excited electric fields and seismic effects.

According to its electrophysical properties, NGZ can be represented in the form of an electric capacitor, the top of which is a well-conductive tire, and the bottom is a layer of mineralized water (FIG. 3).

Between these plates is a dielectric - oil and gas fluid (zones 1-3), capable of electrically polarizing, thereby accumulating electrical energy.

Zone 4 is inherently an electrochemical pseudodielectric capable of storing electrical energy by separating and moving charges in double electric layers along the walls of the capillaries of the collector.

Thus, NGZ is a kind of accumulator of electric energy and can accumulate it the more, the greater the intensity of the polarizing electric field between the layer of the reservoir and the zone of mineralized water and the more the volume of oil and gas fluid is in the zone of influence of the polarizing electric field.

If such a peculiar capacitor is charged with a powerful polarizing electric field, and then with a seismic action, cause an oriented movement of electrically polarized particles of oil and gas fluid in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the host reservoir rock, then an electric current will be generated in the NGZ and the secondary EMF will be excited in the surrounding NGZ medium, instantly recorded on the surface in the form of an NGS response.

The phase-frequency characteristics of the low-frequency (1-30 Hz) seismic effects when passing through sedimentary rocks practically do not undergo changes. When the seismic wave reaches the NGD and passes through the NGZ layers, a pronounced dispersion of its phase velocity is observed. Under the condition of preliminary polarization of the NGD by an electric field, changes in the phase response of the seismic effect are instantly reflected in the phase response of the NGZ response.

The magnitude of the phase shifts between the spectral components of the initial seismic stimulus and the NGZ response, as well as the magnitude of the temporal shifts between the leading edges of the initial seismic impact and the NGZ response at a known propagation velocity of the seismic wave in sedimentary rocks in the studied geological section, allow us to determine the distance traveled by the seismic wave to the beginning of the change in its phase response.

The principle of detecting NGD and determining the depth of occurrence of NGD in the MFZ method is based on these properties.

Seismic action with a frequency of 1-5 Hz causes the most significant displacements of all particles of oil and gas fluid in the capillaries of the host reservoir rock. Moreover, in the frequency range of 1–50 Hz with a 3-fold change in frequency, the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave can reach 10%. The greater the power of the NGZ and the more free gas dissolved in the oil in it, the more the phase response of the seismic wave passing through the layers of the gas density changes and the more the phase response of the NGZ response and the reference phase response of the initial seismic effect are different. When the seismic wave passes through all the layers of the NGZ and its further propagation deep into the sedimentary rocks, the NGZ response is not observed.

The principle of determining the capacity of NGDs in the MPF method is based on these properties.

Oil and gas fluid particles are significantly different in size and therefore have different inertia. With an increase in the frequency of seismic impact, the amplitude of movement of the largest and most inertial (oil) particles of oil and gas fluid decreases, therefore, the movement of polarized particles in the oil zone and then in the zone of oil with dissolved gas is sequentially excluded from the formation of the NGD response. When the seismic frequency reaches a value of 15-20 Hz, the movement of the most inertial (oil) particles of the fluid stops, only the low-inertia (gas) particles of the fluid participate in the formation of the NGS response, and the phase shift between harmonics of the NGS response at these frequencies is directly dependent on volume of free gas in NGZ.

Based on these properties, the principle of determining the ratio in oil-free gas / oil free gas in the MPZ method is based.

In real environmental conditions, capillaries, microcracks and micropores of the reservoir rock are not strictly vertically oriented, and as a result of movements of the earth's crust they can be arbitrarily oriented (FIG. 4) - up to 50-60 degrees from the vertical in any direction.

Therefore, it is necessary to form a polarizing electric field in three components, with the possibility of adjusting its spatial configuration and changing electric moments (product of the length of the supply line by the current in it) of each supply line AB. For this, when implementing the method, a three-dimensional configuration of the electric field is used due to the use of three mutually perpendicular supply lines, two of which are deployed in the horizontal plane, forming a cross, and the third is deployed vertically down from the intersection of two horizontal.

Seismic action moves particles of oil and gas fluid through capillaries, microcracks and between individual micropores of the collector in the direction coinciding with the directions of seismic action propagating from the day surface from IAA in the direction of the NGZ. Therefore, the seismic effect must also have a three-dimensional configuration. To do this, when implementing the method, several (two or three) spatially separated IAAs working coherently are used.

These conditions determine the configuration of the supply lines and seismic effects in specific embodiments of the method.

Used in the MFZ-method, the physical fields are divided into acting and information (FIG.5):

1. The generated polarizing electric field is an acting physical field. Under its influence, the particles of oil and gas fluid are able to polarize electrically and, thus, NGZ can carry out the accumulation of electrical energy in the form of electric charges.

2. The generated seismic effect is also an affecting physical field, because, passing through the layers of NGZ, it causes the oriented movement of pre-electrically polarized particles of oil and gas fluid in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the host reservoir rock, as a result of which electric current is generated in the NGZ and secondary EMF is excited in the environment of NGZ.

3. The secondary EMF is an informational physical field, since the phase response of the NGZ response unambiguously reflects the change in the phase response of the seismic effect passing through the layers of the NGZ.

To solve the set prospecting and exploration tasks by the MFZ method, various PRK are used, which differ in the geometry of the supply AB and receiving MN lines and the location of the IAA, for the most efficient use of the above-described acting and information physical fields.

In accordance with the foregoing, the achievement of the indicated technical result is ensured in the claimed method by performing the basic operations - electrical polarization of the NGD, seismic action on the NGD, registration of the components of the NGD responses and processing of the data obtained in four stages - preparation, searches, detailed exploration and description, the functional diagram of which is clearly reflected in FIG.6.

Let us explain the steps of FIG.6 in the following example:

Stage 1 - Preparation.

1.1. Occupation of the starting position.

1.2. Deployment of PPH.

At the end of the 1st Stage, it is necessary to coordinate the PRK in a given geographical area. The anchor points fix the location of the AIC and PM, the geometry and orientation of the supply and receiving lines. Coordinate data are necessary when forming a profile grid for contouring the detected NGD.

2nd Stage - Searches.

2.1. Electric polarization - creation of an electric field of a three-dimensional spatial configuration with stable amplitude-phase spectra in the studied geological section for the electric polarization of the gas condensate separation.

A 3D polarizing electric field is created by three mutually perpendicular AB supply lines, two of which (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are deployed in a horizontal plane, forming a symmetrical cross, each connected to the generator unit “in gap” into two symmetrical arms in one line, and the third (A _Z B _Z ) is connected to the generator unit in one shoulder and placed vertically down from the intersection of two horizontal (FIG.7).

2.2. Seismic impact is a periodic multi-frequency seismic effect of a three-dimensional spatial configuration with stable amplitude-phase spectra in the studied geological section.

The seismic effect of the 3D configuration is created through the use of several (two or three) spatially separated IAAs working coherently. The main IAA is located stationary at the intersection of the supply AB and receiving MN lines, additional IAA are located at the PM.

2.3. Reception and registration of data.

Reception and registration on the surface of the electrical (E) and magnetic (H) components of the NGZ response, reflecting the change in the phase response of the seismic wave passing through the layers of the NGZ.

The reception and registration of electrical (E _X , E _Y , E _Z ) components of the NG _Z- response is carried out by receivers of electrical components from 3 to 24 for each arm of each of the receiving lines (FIGS. 8-11).

For this, three mutually perpendicular receiving lines MN are arranged, two of which (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in the horizontal plane, forming a symmetrical cross coaxially with the supply lines A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y , each connected to the receiving measuring unit “into the gap” in two symmetrical arms, and the third (M _Z N _Z ) is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one arm and placed vertically downward coaxially with the supply line A _Z B _Z from the intersection of two horizontal lines (FIG. 7).

Reception and registration of magnetic (H _Z , H _Y , H _Z ) components of the NGD response is carried out using several (two or three) three-component magnetometers. The main magnetometer is stationary at the intersection of the supply and receiving lines, additional magnetometers are located on the PM. To eliminate the interference caused by vibrations, magnetometers are placed on platforms stabilized by gyroscopes.

2.4. NGZ detection.

The presence of NGS in the studied geological section is detected when an abnormal (exceeding the measured value of the background over areas without anomalies) phase difference is detected between the different frequencies (for example, the 1st and 3rd) harmonics of the NGS response and those taken for reference different frequencies (for example, 1- 1st and 3rd) harmonics of the initial seismic impact.

Stage 3 - Detailed Intelligence.

3.1. Move PM on profiles.

PM move along the specified research profiles in order to implement auxiliary seismic effects to enable the creation of a 3D configuration of seismic effects.

3.2. Electric polarization according to clause 2.1.

3.3. Seismic impact - according to paragraph 2.2.

At the 3rd Stage, seismic action is carried out both at a frequency of 1 Hz, and with a sequential change in the frequency of seismic action in the operating frequency range of 1-30 Hz in steps of 1 Hz.

3.4. Reception and registration of data - according to clause 2.3.

3.5. Accumulation of an array of data.

Accumulation of an array of data on the values of phase shifts between the 1st harmonic of the initial seismic impact and the 1st harmonic of the NGD response and the values of phase shifts between, for example, the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the initial seismic effect and the 1st and 3rd harmonic of the NGD response over the entire investigated area in the operating frequency range of seismic effects.

4th Stage - Description.

4.1. Interpretation of data.

Interpretation of the accumulated data array according to clause 3.5. in order to determine the parameters of the detected NGZ.

4.2. Determination of the depth of NGZ.

It is carried out by measuring and interpreting data on the values of phase shifts Δφ _h between the 1st harmonic of the initial seismic effect and the 1st harmonic of the NGD response at a known propagation velocity of the seismic wave in sedimentary rocks in the studied geological section.

Determination of the depth of the NGZ is carried out by the E- and H-components of the NGZ response using identical phase-measuring devices for determining the depth of occurrence (FMU-G), one for each of the components. In this case, the E-components of the NGZ response are fed to the input of the FMU-G from the receiving lines MN, and the H-components of the NGS response are fed to the input of the FMU-G from the three-component magnetometer (FIG. 12-13).

At the first (reference) input of the FMU-G, voltage is supplied from the seismic receiver (SP) located near the main IAA, which, through the input filter with a passband of 0.5-30 Hz, is fed to a large-scale amplifier covered by an instantaneous automatic gain control (MARU) circuit, the output voltage of which is normalized and maintained equal to 1.0 ± 0.05 V, after which it is supplied to a software-tunable digital filter that selects voltage with a frequency of the 1st harmonic and supplies it to the reference input of a digital phase meter.

At the second (informational) input of the FMU-G, a voltage with a frequency of the 1st harmonic of the NGZ response is applied, which is obtained by summing all the components of the NGZ response after preliminary filtering using an input filter, normalizing at 1.0 ± 0.05 V and final narrow-band filtering using a software-tunable digital filter. The phase shift Δφ _h measured in this way is strictly proportional to the time of passage of the seismic wave from the IAA to the NGZ plus the time of the passage of the seismic wave through the NGZ layers.

To determine the depth of the NGZ, it is necessary to know the phase velocity of the seismic wave in the sedimentary rocks of the upper part of the geological section and the average thickness of the NGZ, which should be subtracted from the resulting total depth during subsequent processing.

In this case, it is necessary to verify the absence of an anomalous effect of the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave in sedimentary rocks over the NGZ. For this, an additional measurement of the depth of the NGD at a frequency, for example, of the 3rd harmonic, is carried out and the results are averaged.

Keep in mind that phase meters measure phase shifts in the range of 0-360 degrees. Therefore, if the phase shift is, for example, 363 degrees, the phase meter will give a reading of 3 degrees. This can be observed when the depth of the NGZ is greater than the wavelength of the 1st harmonic of the seismic impact. For example, with a depth of 4625 m and an average velocity of the seismic wave of 2200 m / s: 2200 × 2 = 4400 m + 225 m, i.e. 360 × 2 = 720 + 45 degrees, the phase meter readings will be equal to 45 degrees and correspond to an apparent depth of approximately 225 m.

Therefore, in the FMU-G method used in the MFZ method, working on the principle of measuring time intervals, an output signal (N360 °) is displayed, which displays the total number of phase shift cycles by 360 degrees, which eliminates the ambiguity in determining the phase shift Δφ _h .

4.3. Determination of NGZ power.

It is carried out by measuring and interpreting data on the values of phase shifts Δφ between, for example, the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the initial seismic effect and the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the NGD response, arising due to the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave as it passes through the layers NGZ.

Determination of the power of the NGD is carried out by the E- and H-components of the NGD response using identical phase-measuring devices for determining power (FMU-M), one for each of the components. In this case, the E-components of the NGZ response are fed to the input of the FMU-M from the receiving lines MN, and the H-components of the NGS response are fed to the input of the FMU-M from a three-component magnetometer (FIG. 14-15).

FMU-M is made according to an analog-to-digital scheme: an active filter with a passband of 0.5-30 Hz is installed at the input, after which an adjustable scale amplifier is turned on, covered by a digital MARU circuit, which supports the output signal amplitude at 1.0 ± 0.05 In when changing the level of the input signal within 1 μV -1 mV. Then this amplitude-normalized signal is fed to the inputs of narrow-band tunable software filters, tuned, respectively, to the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the NGD response. Three times the analog-to-digital frequency multiplier is connected to the output of a digital filter tuned to the 1st harmonic of the NGD response. Therefore, voltages with the same frequency equal to the frequency of the 3rd harmonic of the NGZ response are supplied to the inputs of the digital phase meter, as a result of which the phase shift count Δφ between the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the NGZ response appears on the phasemeter output indicator.

In each of the FMU-M, three channels are organized (channel X, channel Y and channel Z) for measuring the phase shift Δφ for each of the electric (E _X , E _Y and E _Z ) and magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) the component of the NGD response Δφ _X , Δφ _Y , Δφ _Z ), and the result is averaged by calculating the root mean square value as the square root of the sum of the squares of all six readings.

The value of this averaged phase shift is programmatically recalculated into the averaged power of the NGD, taking into account the knowledge of the phase velocity for the frequency of the 1st harmonic.

4.4. Determination of oil / free gas ratio in NGZ.

It is carried out by measuring and interpreting data on the values of phase shifts Δφ between, for example, the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the initial seismic effect and the 1st and 3rd harmonics of the NHS response, arising from the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave during its propagation through the layers NGZ, with a sequential change in the frequency of seismic effects in the frequency range 1-30 Hz in steps of 1 Hz.

The determination of the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD is carried out using the E- and H-components of the NGZ response using identical FMU-Ms, one for each of the components. In this case, the E-components of the NGZ response are fed to the input of the FMU-M from the receiving lines MN, and the H-components of the NGS response are fed to the input of the FMU-M from a three-component magnetometer (FIG. 14-15).

4.5. Description of NGZ.

Processing and analysis of the accumulated data array, a description of the characteristics and parameters of the detected NGD and the formation of maps, sections, 2D and 3D models of NGD. At the same time, the monitoring of residual reserves in the exploited refineries is carried out on the proven and previously described refineries, therefore, the search phase is excluded from the list of performed steps, and after the preparation phase, they proceed to the detailed exploration and description stages.

The achievement of the specified technical result is also provided in the claimed PRK for the implementation of the described method, the structural diagram of which displays FIG.16.

In practice, the claimed method is carried out using PRK, consisting of a basic set of equipment and software - AIC, an auxiliary set of equipment and software - basically one or two PM, supply lines AB and receiving lines MN, made in the form of a combination of purposefully interconnected specialized functional blocks, with the help of which they automatically implement the sequence of operations of the method.

The hardware-software complex (AIC) (the main set of equipment) carries out the main seismic impact, receives and records the E- and H-components of the NGZ response, controls the operation of the PM, receives data from the PM, accumulates an array of measurement data, processes, analyzes and interprets the data measurements, own coordinate reference using GPS / GLONASS systems, and functionally consists of three blocks:

- Control and processing unit (BWO);

- Generator unit (GB);

- Receiving and measuring unit (PIB).

The control and processing unit (BUO) implements:

- GB operation management;

- management of the main IAA;

- management of the PIB;

- PM work management;

- accumulation, processing, analysis and interpretation of data obtained from PIB and PM;

- coordinate reference of the agricultural sector using GPS / GLONASS systems;

and includes:

- the main computer (RS _O , Master-PC);

- a set of transceiver equipment (PAP) for communication and control of the PM;

- receiver of the coordinate reference system.

The generator unit (GB) provides power to the agro-industrial complex, power lines AB, the main IAA and includes:

- electric generator;

- transformer;

- three controlled rectifiers;

- three controlled pulse generators;

- generator of elastic vibrations;

- The main IAA.

The receiving and measuring unit (PIB) receives and registers the E- and H-components of the NGZ response and includes:

- two FMU-G (FIG 12-13);

- two FMU-M (FIG.14-15);

- a three-component magnetometer for receiving the H-component of the NGZ response;

- a seismic receiver for determining the initial (accepted as reference) parameters of the initial seismic impact from the main IAA.

The mobile module (PM) (auxiliary set of equipment) provides auxiliary seismic effects, reception and registration of the H-component of the NGD response, its own coordinate reference using GPS / GLONASS systems, the transmission of the received data to the agricultural sector and functionally consists of three blocks:

- Control and processing unit (BUO-PM);

- Generator block (GB-PM);

- Receiving and measuring unit (PIB-PM).

The control and processing unit (BUO-PM) carries out:

- GB-PM operation management;

- management of the auxiliary IAA;

- PIB-PM work management;

- transfer to the AIC of data received from PIB-PM;

- PM coordinates using GPS / GLONASS systems;

and includes:

- auxiliary computer (PC _B , Slave-PC);

- generator of elastic vibrations;

- auxiliary IAA, working coherently with the main IAA;

- a seismic receiver for determining the initial (accepted as reference) parameters of the seismic impact from the auxiliary IAA;

- a three-component magnetometer for receiving the H-component of the NGZ response;

- FMU-G (FIG.13);

- FMU-M (FIG. 15);

- A set of PAP for communication and control with the agro-industrial complex;

- receiver of the coordinate reference system.

Using these devices, the target complex effect on the NGD of various types of physical fields (electrical and seismic) is carried out, the incoming data on the measurement results of the phase response of the NGZ response and the results of their comparison with the reference phase response of the initial seismic effect are recorded and processed to form a database that reflects the main parameters studied NGZ.

Depending on the tasks and working conditions, the following PRK are provided.

X-shaped PRK.

It differs from FIG. 7 as follows (FIG. 17):

- the configuration of polarizing electric zeros is achieved through the use of two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ), which are placed in the horizontal plane, forming a symmetrical cross, each connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms along one line;

- two mutually perpendicular horizontal receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are used, which are placed in the horizontal plane, forming a symmetrical cross coaxially with the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, one each lines.

This PRK can be used to search for NGZ on land and in shallow water (with bottom depths of up to 30 m).

It is implemented in land and sea versions.

In the land version, the supply and receiving lines are located on the surface of the earth, the agricultural and industrial complex are located on automobile chassis.

In the maritime version, the supply and receiving lines are located directly at the bottom, the agro-industrial complex is located on the main vessel, PM are placed on auxiliary vessels.

V-shaped PRK.

Differs from FIG. 7 as follows (FIG. 18):

- the configuration of polarizing electric fields is achieved through the use of two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ), which are placed in a horizontal plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder;

- two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are used, which are placed in a horizontal plane from one point coaxially with the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder.

This PRK can be used to search for NGZ on land and in shallow water (with a bottom depth of up to 30 m).

It is implemented in land and sea versions.

In the land version, the supply and receiving lines are located on the surface of the earth, the agro-industrial complex and the PM are placed on automobile chassis.

In the marine version, the supply and reception lines are located directly at the bottom, the AIC is located on the main vessel, the PM is located on the auxiliary vessel.

Linear two-arm PRK.

Differs from FIG. 7 as follows (FIG. 19):

- the configuration of polarizing electric fields is achieved through the use of one horizontal supply line (A _X B _X ), which is placed in a horizontal plane along one line and connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms;

- one horizontal receiving line (M _X B _X ) is used, which is placed in a horizontal plane along one line coaxially with the supply line and connected to the generator unit “into a gap” in two symmetrical arms.

This PRK can be used for detailed reconnaissance of discovered NGZs and monitoring of reserves in operating NGZs on land and in shallow water (with bottom depths of up to 30 m).

It is implemented in land and sea versions.

In the land version, the supply and receiving lines are located on the surface of the earth, the agro-industrial complex and the PM are placed on automobile chassis.

In the maritime version, the supply and receiving lines are located directly at the bottom, the agro-industrial complex is located on the main vessel, PM are placed on auxiliary vessels.

L-shaped PPH.

Differs from FIG. 7 as follows (FIG. 20):

- the configuration of polarizing electric fields is achieved through the use of two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Z B _Z ), which are placed in a vertical plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder, one of which (A _X B _X ) is horizontal and the other (A _Z B _Z ) is vertically down;

- two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Z N _Z ) are used, which are placed in a vertical plane from one point with the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder, one of which (M _X N _X ) is located horizontally coaxially with the supply line A _X B _X , and the other (M _Z N _Z ) is vertically downward.

This PRK can be used to search for NGZ in marine areas (with bottom depths of up to 3 km), including those in areas with constant ice cover.

The horizontal supply and reception lines are located on the sea surface (in the ice version - under the sea surface at a depth of at least 10-15 meters) and towed by the main vessel, the vertical supply and reception lines are immersed in water. AIC is located on the main vessel, PM is located on the auxiliary vessel. In the ice version, PM is not provided.

Linear single-arm PRK.

Differs from FIG. 7 as follows (FIG. 21):

- the configuration of the polarizing electric field is achieved through the use of one horizontal supply line (A _X B _X ), which is connected to the generator unit in one shoulder.

- one horizontal receiving line (M _X N _X ) is used, which is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder and placed from one point with the supply line aligned with it.

This PRK can be used to search for NGZ in marine areas (with bottom depths of up to 300 m), including those in areas with constant ice cover.

The horizontal supply and reception lines are located on the sea surface (in the ice version - under the sea surface at a depth of at least 10-15 meters) and are towed by the main vessel. AIC is located on the main vessel, PM is located on the auxiliary vessel. In the ice version, PM is not provided.

Thus, as follows from the foregoing, the features indicated in the claims are significant and purposefully interconnected with the formation of their stable combination, necessary and sufficient to obtain the specified technical result. The achieved technical result, as shown by experimental data, can only be realized by an interconnected set of all the essential features of the claimed objects reflected in the claims. The claimed significant distinguishing features were obtained on the basis of creative processing of the results of studies and experiments, analysis and synthesis of them and data from well-known published sources, interconnected with the conditions for achieving the technical result indicated in the application, as well as using inventive intuition.

The proposed method does not contain operations that cannot be implemented using known technologies, in particular computer information processing. Compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability" of the proposed facilities is also proved by the absence in the claimed claims of any features that are practically not practicable on an industrial scale.

In addition to the above technical result, the practical application of the proposed invention also allows for further improvement of the methods of prospecting and exploration of NGZ, in particular with respect to saving time and financial costs when monitoring residual reserves in operating NGZ.

Claims (12)

1. The method of multi-frequency phase sensing (MFZ-method) of searches and detailed exploration of oil and gas deposits (NGZ), which includes the following steps, during which the NGZ is electrically polarized by creating an electric field of a three-dimensional spatial configuration and a stable amplitude-phase spectrum, is purposefully carried out using sources of elastic (seismic) vibrations (IAA) multi-frequency seismic action of a three-dimensional spatial configuration with stable amplitude-phase and by the spectra that affect the OGP, as a result of the combined effects of these physical fields, they initiate electric polarization and the subsequent movement of the particles of oil and gas fluid in the capillaries, micropores and microcracks of the reservoir rock, thereby forming an electromagnetic field adequate to these effects in the OGP and its environment (OGP response), measure and record the parameters of the thus formed NGZ response, reflecting the change in the main phase-frequency characteristics (PFC) of the seismic spectrum waves when it passes through the NGD, when an abnormal, exceeding the measured background value over areas without anomalies, phase difference between the different-frequency (1st and 2nd ÷ 7th) harmonics of the NGZ-response and the initial ones, taken as reference, different-frequency (1- 7th and 2nd ÷ 7th) by the harmonics of seismic impact, record the presence of NGD in the studied geological section, then repeat the above operations on profiles within the studied area and form a database of measured parameters of NGD responses to determine the depth , analyzing and producing a geological and geophysical interpretation of the data obtained, form the set of computer codes that are adequate to them, determine the characteristics and parameters of the study, on the basis of which 2D and 3D graphic images of maps, sections , 3D models of NGZ, if necessary, repeat the above set of operations. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which to determine the depth of the NGD, the obtained data on the phase shifts between the 1st harmonic of the initial seismic effect and the 1st harmonic of the NHS response are measured and interpreted, to specify the desired result, time shifts are additionally measured between leading edges of the initial seismic impact and the NGS response at a known propagation velocity of the seismic wave in the studied geological section. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which to determine the power of the NHS, the obtained data on changes in the values of phase shifts between the 1st and 2nd ÷ 7th harmonics in the NGD response relative to their values in the initial seismic action resulting from dispersion are measured and interpreted phase velocity of a seismic wave as it passes through the NGZ. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which to determine the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD, the obtained data on changes in the values of phase shifts between the 1st and 2nd ÷ 7th harmonics in the NGD response relative to their values in the initial seismic are measured and interpreted the effects arising due to the dispersion of the phase velocity of the seismic wave when it passes through the NGD, with sequential seismic action in the frequency range 1-30 Hz in steps of 1-5 Hz. 5. The search and exploration complex (PRK) for implementing the method according to claim 1, containing interconnected transceiver equipment (PAP) hardware and software complex (AIC) and selected in quantities from one to twelve movable modules (PM), each of which composed of interconnected control and data processing unit (OGV) comprising an auxiliary computer (PC _B) and the coordinate reference system (GPS), receiving and measuring block (PIB) comprising geophone (SP), a three magnetometer phase etricheskoe determination device depth NHP (FMU-T) on magnetic (H _X, H _Y and H _Z) components NHP-response fazometricheskoe determination device power NHP and the ratio of oil / free gas in NHP (FMU-M) for the magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) the components of the NGD response, the generator unit (GB), including the electric generator, the generator of elastic vibrations, the source of elastic vibrations (IAA), while the AIC is composed of interconnected control unit and information processing (BUO), comprising a host computer (PC _G) coordinate system and ripping (GPS), generator block (GB), including an electric generator, a transformer, three pulse generators, one for each of the supply lines (AB) connected to the transformer through controlled rectifiers, an elastic oscillation generator, an elastic oscillation source (IAA), three mutually perpendicular supply lines (AB), two of which (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross, each connected to the generator unit “in gap” into two symmetrical arms, and the third (A _Z B _Z) connected to the generator CB block at one shoulder and positioned vertically downwards from the intersection of two horizontal receiving-measuring unit (PIB) comprising geophone (SP), a three magnetometer fazometricheskoe determination device depth NHP (FMU-T) on magnetic (H _X, H _Y and H _Z ) the components of the NGD response, the phase-measuring device for determining the power of the NGD and the oil / free gas ratio in the NGD (FMU-M) by the magnetic (H _X , H _Y and H _Z ) components of the NGD response, the phase-measuring device for determining the depth NGZ (FMU-G) for electricity Kim (E _X, E _Y and E _Z) components NHP-response fazometricheskoe determination device power NHP and the ratio of oil / free gas in NHP (FMU-M) of the electric (E _X, E _Y and E _Z) components NHP-response , three mutually perpendicular receiving lines (MN), two of which (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in the horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross coaxially with the supply lines A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y , each connected to the receiving and measuring unit “into the gap” in two symmetrical arms, and the third (M _Z N _Z ) is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder and placed vertically downward coaxially with the supply line A _Z B _Z from the intersection of two horizontal ones, with 3 to 24 meters of electric field components connected to each arm of each of the receiving lines (MN). 6. The complex according to claim 5, in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane with the formation of a symmetrical cross, each connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane, with the formation of a symmetrical cross coaxially with the supply lines A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y , each connected to the receiving and measuring unit “in gap” in two symmetrical shoulders. 7. The complex according to claim 5, in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Y B _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines ( M _X N _X and M _Y N _Y ) are placed in a horizontal plane from one point coaxially to the supply lines, each connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder. 8. The complex according to claim 5, in which one supply line (A _X B _X ) is placed in the horizontal plane along one line and connected to the generator unit “in gap” in two symmetrical arms, and one receiving line (M _X N _X ) placed in the horizontal plane along one line coaxially with the supply line and connected to the receiving and measuring unit “into the gap” in two symmetrical arms. 9. The complex according to claim 5, in which two mutually perpendicular supply lines (A _X B _X and A _Z B _Z ) are placed in a vertical plane from one point, each connected to the generator unit in one shoulder, one of which (A _X B _X ) is located horizontally and the other (A _Z B _Z ) is vertically downward, and two mutually perpendicular receiving lines (M _X N _X and M _Z N _Z ) are placed in a vertical plane from one point with the supply lines, each connected to receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder, one of which (M _X N _X) is horizontal coaxial feedline a _X B _X, and berating (M _Z N _Z) - vertically downwards. 10. The complex according to claim 5, in which one horizontal supply line (A _X B _X ) is connected to the generator unit in one shoulder and one horizontal receiving line (M _X N _X ) is connected to the receiving and measuring unit in one shoulder and placed from one point with the supply line aligned with it. 11. The complex according to claim 5, in the AIC and PM which uses three or four phase-measuring devices for determining the depth of NGZ (FMU-G) to implement the method according to claim 2, each of which includes three input filters for each of the electric ones (E _X , E _Y , E _Z ) and magnetic (H _X , H _Y , H _Z ) components of the NGD response, adder, two large-scale amplifiers (reference and information input) covered by an instant automatic gain control (MARU) circuit, two digital filters, two pulse shapers, a time interval meter and a phase meter. 12. The complex according to claim 5, in the AIC and PM of which three or four phase-measuring devices for determining the capacity of NGZ and the oil / free gas ratio in NGZ (FMU-M) are used to implement the methods according to claims 3 and 4, each of which includes there are three measurement channels (channel X, channel Y and channel Z), one for each of the electrical (E _X , E _Y , E _Z ) and magnetic (H _X , H _Y , H _Z ) components of the NGD response, while each channel includes an input filter, a large-scale amplifier covered by the MARU circuit, two digital filters, a frequency multiplier, and a phase meter.

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