RU2544185C2 - Method to increase earthquake resistance of brick wall panel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of buildings and structures in quake-prone areas, under conditions of impact of vibrodynamic loads at factories, in cities, and is also applicable for structures of reservoirs of dry loose substances in industrial centres having sources of vibrations, and may be used in the area of means of transport in creation of body designs. The result is achieved by the method of increasing earthquake stability of a brick wall panel, which consists in the fact that a layer of mortar is placed onto the foundation between columns, and flat stiff stops are installed on it in the form of strips with vertically welded damping rods, besides, after every 8-10 rows of bricks laid on mortar stiff supports are welded, and damping rods are extended using welding, besides, in channels of the middle zone they pour mortar with vibration-damping crumb from ground worn car tyres, rods are made as damping, and each one represents a cylindrical damping element, to the ends of which flat stiff stops are rigidly attached, and the inner cavity is filled with a layer of vibration-damping material, for instance, sand, at the same time density of the vibration-damping layer is made as lower than the density of the outer cylindrical shell of the damping element, at the same time in the channels near ends of the panel they place layers of the vibration-damping material of U-shaped type, which perceive spatial vibration.

EFFECT: increased earthquake stability of a brick wall panel.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of buildings and structures in earthquake-prone areas, under the influence of vibrodynamic loads in factories, in cities, and is also applicable to the construction of dry bulk containers in industrial centers with vibration sources, and can be used in the field of vehicles when creating body structures.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a method of increasing seismic resistance, applied in a brick panel with dressing in half a brick of mortar bricks with holes in the middle of the width of a quarter of the length from the ends of the brick, into which the rods fixed on the pressure plate with nuts are passed [2034966 - prototype].

The disadvantage of this method is that despite monolithic, due to the increased stiffness of the masonry and the absence of damping elements, there are waveguides of mechanical vibrations, which not only in seismic conditions, but also during transport loads leads to cracks and failure of the panel.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the seismic resistance of a brick wall panel.

This is achieved by a method of increasing the seismic resistance of a brick wall panel, namely, that a layer of mortar is applied to the foundation between the columns, and flat rigid stops are installed in the form of strips with vertically damped rods welded to them, and every 8-10 rows laid on hard stops are welded to the bricks solution, and the damping rods are lengthened using welding, and in the channels of the middle zone, a solution with vibro-damping crumb from crushed tires is poured worn tires, the rods are damping, and each of them is a cylindrical damping element, the ends of which are rigidly fixed flat stops, and the inner cavity is filled with a layer of vibration-damping material, such as sand, while the density of the vibration-damping layer is lower than the density of the external cylindrical shells of the damping element, while in the channels at the ends of the panel are placed layers of vibration-damping material of a U-shaped type, perceiving spatial vibration tion.

Figure 1 shows a brick (bearing element) in a perspective view with two holes;

figure 2 - device for implementing the method, in particular earthquake-resistant brick wall panel, view in plan;

figure 3 - diagram of the damping rod of a brick wall panel.

A device for implementing the proposed method is a brick wall panel of increased seismic resistance (figure 2), which is made of bricks 1 (figure 1) with two holes 2 in the middle of the width and one quarter of the length from the ends of the brick. In the combined holes 2 of the bricks 1 are placed damping (reinforcing) rods 3 (Fig. 3), at the ends of which are fixed flat stops 5 in thickness equal to the thickness of the mortar joint 4.

Each of the damping (reinforcing) rods 3 is a cylindrical damping element, to the ends of which are flat rigid stops 5, and the internal cavity is filled with a layer of vibration damping material, such as sand, and the density of the vibration damping layer must be lower than the density of the external cylindrical shell of the damping element. If the density of the vibration damping layer and the outer cylindrical shell are equal, then the damping element 3 will lose its ability to dampen vibration, which is not permissible.

To increase the efficiency of damping shock loads and vibration in the channels designed to accommodate the mortar layer 4, layers 7 of vibration-damping material, structurally made of a U-shaped type, perceiving spatial vibration and made, for example, of crushed tires, are placed at the ends of the panel (and on the side) pneumatics (worn tires) on a bunch (rubber glue, water glass, polymer binder). After reaching the projected height of the panel for shrinkage of the layers of vibration damping material 7 in time, make an exposure and weld the last hard stops 5. The remaining gap (gap) is closed in the usual way.

As bricks (load-bearing elements), not only ceramic bricks can be used, but also (bricks) load-bearing elements made of synthetic materials, wood with impregnation, hollow bricks filled with light vibration-absorbing and vibration-absorbing materials (not shown).

A method of increasing seismic resistance of a brick wall panel is as follows.

A layer of mortar 4 is applied to the foundation (not shown) between the columns. Flat rigid stops 5 are mounted in the form of strips in the form of strips with vertically welded damping rods 3 3, 1000 mm long and with a diameter of, for example, 16 mm, if the diameter of the hole 2 of the brick is 20 mm, for example on a brick measuring 70 × 120 × 250 mm. Every 8-10 rows of bricks 1 laid on the mortar 1, hard stops 5 are welded, and damping rods 3 are elongated using welding. In order to save reinforcement in the channels of the middle zone, a solution with vibration damping crumb from crushed tire covers (worn out) can be poured to form more rigid zones.

The earthquake-resistant brick wall panel in dynamics has the following features.

Shorter damping rods 3 of the reinforcement are not waveguides of mechanical vibrations, since the propagation of vibrations is prevented, firstly, by welding units with rigid stops 5, and secondly, layers 6 of vibration damping material located in the damping rods themselves 3. When approaching mechanical waves vibrations to the panel from the outside they are met by vibration damping material in the layers 7 located in the channels at the ends of the panel, and dampens, preventing their penetration to the middle zone. Between the layer of mortar 4 and the surfaces of the hard stops 5, as well as bricks 1, an infinitely decreasing reflection of the waves of mechanical vibrations occurs.

Compared with the prototype design, the proposed earthquake-resistant panel has the following advantages: the range of damping the fluctuations of mechanical effects due to complex design features is expanded: shorter reinforcing bars 3 and the presence of vibration-damping material 6 in their cavities, as well as layers 7 of vibration-damping material, structurally made U-shaped type and spaced around the perimeter of the panel.

In addition, it is possible to dock panels by welding outlets of flat rigid stops 5.

Installation of floor beams is carried out by welding of U-shaped overlays on a brick (not shown), which at the same time perform the function of stops 5, rigidly connected to the reinforcing bar 3. The panels are joined by welding the outlets of flat hard stops 5 (not shown).

Installation of floor beams, fastening of pipelines, cables is carried out by welding their fastenings to U-shaped transverse overlays for bricks, at the same time performing the function of rigid stops 5, rigidly connected to the reinforcing bar 3.

An earthquake-resistant panel can be used in the construction of vehicle bodies by using bricks made of light and durable materials, impregnated wood, plastics, synthetic mixtures, microporous materials.

Claims (2)

1. A method of increasing the seismic resistance of a brick wall panel, namely, that a layer of mortar is applied to the foundation between the columns, and flat rigid stops are installed in the form of strips with vertically damped rods welded to them, and every 8 ÷ 10 rows laid on a solution of bricks having two holes made in the middle of the width and one quarter of the length from the ends of the brick, hard stops are welded, and the damping rods are lengthened using welding, characterized in that the rods They are damped, and each of them is a cylindrical damping element, to the ends of which flat rigid stops are rigidly attached, and the inner cavity of the rods is filled with a layer of vibration-damping material, for example sand, while the density of the vibration-damping layer is lower than the density of the external cylindrical shell of the damping element, at the same time, in the channels intended for placement of the mortar layer, layers of vibration-damping material are placed at the ends of the panel, constructive formed of a U-shaped type and spatial sensing vibration. 2. A method of increasing the seismic resistance of a brick wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of vibration damping material, structurally made of a U-shaped type and perceiving spatial vibration, are made of crushed worn tire covers in the form of rubber glue, liquid glass or a polymer binder.

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