RU2542917C2 - METHOD FOR DATA COMMUNICATION USING stattBIN PROTOCOL - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication engineering and can be used in designing data communication systems, particularly to protocols used in radio communication for sending and receiving packet data. A method of transmitting data from a mobile device to a host computer, using a radio transmitter installed on the mobile device, and a system of fixed radio receivers connected to the host computer, comprises transmitting data packets in the "mobile device - host computer" direction; the radio data packets include a packet header, a fragment header and the transmitted data are characterised by that the header of the transmitted radio packet consists of a two-byte first label of fixed content and a two-byte value of total length of the radio packet; the preamble is followed by a single-byte label of fixed content and four bytes of a unique number assigned to a mobile device; the packet also includes at least one fragment, beginning from the single-byte fixed-content label, which is followed by nineteen bytes containing navigation data; and the host computer has an array of memory cells divided into regions corresponding to mobile objects, and a software-hardware unit for decoding and sorting information associated with the memory cells.

EFFECT: high reliability of communication and enabling automatic transmission of additional data from a mobile object.

9 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to communication technology and can be used in the development of data exchange systems, in particular to the protocols used in radio communications for sending and receiving packet data.

The well-known "METHOD FOR TRANSMISSION OF MESSAGES IN A SEMI-DUPLEX COMMUNICATION CHANNEL" RU 2127953 [1], by which information is transmitted in blocks containing information and service parts, the latter includes a block number, the blocks are encoded with a cascade code consisting of combinations of internal and external codes, on the receiving side, the blocks are decoded.

The disadvantages of the known design are the low reliability due to the large amount of redundant information and high load information channels.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the "Protocol transmission of packet data for radio communications" RU 2139636 [2]. A method of exchanging data on a network between a host computer and a remote device, in which data blocks are transmitted in the direction “remote device - host”, the data blocks include a packet header (function code field), a fragment header (subfunction code field, providing additional information associated with the function code field) and the transmitted data (function-dependent part).

The known protocol allows to reduce the redundancy of the transmitted information.

A disadvantage of the known exchange method is the narrow scope associated with the low data transfer rate due to the presence of a complex confirmation system and not providing sufficient reliability of the connection when installing the modem on a moving object (for example, vehicles).

The technical result of the invention is to increase reliability, to obtain the possibility of organizing communication with moving objects, to obtain the possibility of operational tracking (obtaining operational information about the location of the object, speed and direction of its movement) of the moving object, as well as the possibility of automatically transmitting additional data from the moving object.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of transmitting data from a mobile device to the host computer, in which, using a radio transmitter installed on the mobile device, and stationary radio receivers associated with the host computer, transmit packets (blocks) of data in the direction of "mobile device - main Computer ", radio data packets include a packet header, a fragment header, and the transmitted data is characterized in that the radio packet header (preamble) consists of a two-byte first fixed label the content and a two-byte value of the total length of the packet (datagram), after the preamble they place a one-byte fixed-content label and four bytes of a unique number assigned to the physical (modem) object, the packet also has at least one fragment (sub-block) starting with a single-byte fixed label, after which there are nineteen bytes containing navigation data (on the liquidity of satellite information, including the number of detected satellite signals, calculated coordinates of the object, data speed, heading, as well as the vehicle’s odometer), and inside the main computer there is an array of memory cells, divided into areas corresponding to moving objects, and a hardware-software unit for decoding and sorting information associated with memory cells.

The package may additionally contain a fragment (sub-block) of passenger traffic starting with a single-byte fixed designation of the beginning of the fragment and containing eleven bytes of relevant information: about the presence and fact of closing a door with a length of one byte, about the number of passengers leaving and entering through each of four doors with a length of two bytes and tariff zone number two bytes long. The specified organization of the fragment allows you to transfer all the necessary and sufficient data about the current passenger flow in optimally compressed form.

The packet may further comprise a fragment of analog sensors containing a one-byte header of fixed content and six bytes of status data for four analog sensors. Analog sensors can display additional information, such as cabin temperature, engine temperature, engine speed, oil pressure, etc.

The packet may additionally contain a fragment of discrete sensors (flags) containing a single-byte header, and four bytes of data containing information about the status of thirty-two discrete sensors. Discrete sensors may contain information about the norm or out of norm limits of any parameters, for example, oil level, fuel level, smoke level, excess of the permissible temperature in the cabin or engine, etc., which are important for the operation of the vehicle and the condition of passengers.

The packet may further comprise a fragment of a formalized message containing a single-byte header and a single-byte message code. The message code can, for example, be formed by a set of sensor states and will allow you to report any emergency situation on board the vehicle.

The package may further comprise a fragment of high-precision analog sensors containing a single-byte header and four bytes of status data of two high-precision analog sensors. Data obtained from analog sensors can be used to obtain additional technological information, for example, on the viscosity of concrete or the amount of liquid in the tank of an irrigation machine.

The package may additionally contain a fragment of photo data containing a fixed label (corresponding to a fragment of photo data), the first fragment of photo data containing one byte of the photo header and zero block of photo data, the length of the current data block, a unique photo identifier forty bits long, a color code one byte long, a permission code one byte long, three bytes (twenty-four bits) the length of the photograph, two bytes of the number of blocks of the photograph, one byte of the number of the current photograph in the series, two bytes of the multi-shot period, eleven bytes of the name of the photo file and five hundred and twelve bytes of the zero block of the photo, except for the first and last block, any block of photo data is organized as follows: one byte of the header (fixed value, belonging to the photo data), one byte of the designation of the next block of the photo, two bytes of the designation of the length of the block photo data, forty bits of a unique photo number, two bytes of the next block number and five hundred and twelve bytes of photo data of the next photo block, the last block of photo data is organized as follows their way: one byte header, one byte designate the last block photos, two bytes designate photo data block length, forty-bit unique number of photos, two bytes of the next block number and an arbitrary number less than or equal to five hundred and twelve bytes of the last pictures photo data block. The specified organization of photo data can be used to transfer photo data to a central computer (server), for example, after an accident has occurred, which can facilitate further investigation of the incident and increase the speed of elimination of consequences.

The package may further comprise a fragment of a photo data error containing one byte (with a fixed value) of the header (belonging to the photo data), one byte of the camera error and one byte of the external error code. The presence of this fragment will allow you to obtain data on the health of the camera.

A complete package as a whole may contain an arbitrary number of fragments with headings: navigation marks, passenger flow data, sensor readings, formalized messages, flags, photo data. Arbitrary filling of the packet is determined by the data transfer rate, and depending on the increase in the transmission speed, it becomes possible to transfer additional vehicle parameters to the host computer, and when the transmission speed decreases, the basic motion parameters of the vehicle equipped with a mobile device are transmitted.

In FIG. 1 shows a table of contents of a package containing information about two navigation points, according to the proposed data transmission method, performed using PP1-6, where:

1 - packet header;

2 - fragment title;

3 - transmitted data;

4 - two-byte first label of fixed content;

5 - two-byte value of the total packet length;

6 - single-byte label of the object number;

7 - four bytes of a unique object number;

8 - one-byte label navigation data;

9 - navigation data in the amount of nineteen bytes;

10 - single-byte label passenger data;

11 - passenger traffic data in the amount of eleven bytes;

12 - single-byte header fragment of analog sensors;

13 - data of analog sensors in the amount of six bytes;

14 - single-byte header of a fragment of discrete sensors;

15 - state data of discrete sensors in the amount of four bytes;

16 - one-byte header of a formalized message;

17 - one-byte code of a formalized message;

18 - single-byte header of the analog sensors of high accuracy;

19 - data of analog sensors of high accuracy in the amount of four bytes.

In FIG. 2 shows a more detailed structure of the fragment of passenger traffic and the interpretation of the byte of the presence and condition of the door, where:

20 - byte presence and condition of the door;

21 - data related to one door;

22 - data byte, reflecting the number of passengers entering;

23 - data byte, reflecting the number of passengers leaving;

24 - two bytes reflecting the current number of the tariff zone;

25 - bits of the presence of doors;

26 - door status bits.

In FIG. 3 shows an example implementation of a formalized message, where:

27 - message groups;

28 - message codes;

29 - content of messages.

In FIG. 4 shows an example of the transfer of photographs, where:

30 - single-byte header of the photo data;

31 - the length of the block of photo data;

32 - unique photo number;

33 - permission code and color;

34 - the length of the photo in bytes;

35 - the number of blocks of photograph data;

36 - the number of photos in the series and the period of multi-shooting;

37 - the name of the photo file;

38 is a block of photograph data;

39 - the first package;

40 - second, third ... penultimate packages;

41 is the last packet.

In FIG. 5 schematically shows a method of transmitting data to a host computer using a protocol, where:

42 is a mobile device;

43 - main computer;

44 - stationary receivers of radio signals.

In FIG. 6 shows a diagram of a hardware-software complex that sorts information entering the main computer, where:

45 - hardware-software complex for decoding and sorting;

46 - memory cells.

The device operates as follows: To the host computer 43 (server) from a mobile device 42 by any known method, for example, through a system of stationary radio signal receivers 44, transmit data packets containing a packet header 1 (preamble), fragment 2 header and transmitted data 3. Package header 1, in turn, consists of a two-byte label of fixed content (for example, AA01xH) and a two-byte value of the total length of the packet 5. After the preamble, a single-byte label of fixed content 6 (for example, 01xH) and even D byte 7 unique number assigned to the physical object 42, on which is mounted a data transmitter (not indicated). The packet also contains at least one fragment, starting with a single-byte fixed-content label of 8 (for example, 07xN), after which there are nineteen bytes 9 containing navigation data informing about the liquidity of satellite information, including the number of detected satellite signals, calculated coordinates of the object, speed, heading as well as the odometer of the vehicle. For example, five bytes (forty bits) of liquidity, the number of satellites detected, flags, date, time, seven bytes of coordinates on the Earth’s surface, three bytes of speed and course, and four bytes of the vehicle’s odometer reading. The indicated sequence and type of information is sufficient for organizing tracking of a moving object in real-time mode. The organization of repeated requests, if necessary, is carried out by user software and is not included in the essence of the claimed method of data transfer.

In the case of using the method for installing equipment on passenger vehicles, it is necessary to transmit detailed passenger traffic data to the main computer 43, which can be organized as follows: a fragment of passenger traffic data contains a single-byte data label (for example, 12xN) of passenger flow 10, followed by eleven the byte of data on passenger flow 11 directly, namely: the presence and status byte of doors 20, consisting of four bits of presence of doors 25 and four bits of state of doors 26. After the byte of availability and door conditions are followed by four two-byte blocks 21 of data related to each door, each block contains a data byte reflecting the number of passengers entering 22 and a data byte reflecting the number of passengers leaving 23, after two two-byte blocks there are two bytes containing information about the tariff zone number 24 The availability of passenger traffic data, combined into a common fragment, allows organizing the transfer of relevant data with minimal expenditure of information resources, which can be used to control passenger flows, route optimization, operational change in the number of cars on the route, etc.

The transmitted data packet may contain data on analog sensors of normal accuracy, the data block contains a single-byte fixed-content label (header, identifier) of a fragment of analog sensors 12 (for example, 0AxH) and six bytes of data 13 on the status of four analog sensors.

The transmitted data packet may contain data on discrete sensors, the data block contains a single-byte label of the fixed content of a fragment of discrete sensors 14 (for example, 09xH) and four bytes of data 15 about the status of thirty-two discrete sensors.

The method can be used to send formalized messages, for example: Call the fire department, Call the police, Call the ambulance, Call the traffic police, Call the technical help, Call the Traffic safety service, Call the dispatcher for voice communications, Descent: Technical malfunction, Descent: Rubber malfunction, Gathering: Operational reasons, Gathering: Brigade, Gathering: D T P, There are no comments on the highway, Ready to move, Return to the park, Return to the park, towed by a tractor, Work is completed - early departure, Lunch is needed, No shift, Concentration it transport, road accidents outside transport, road works, weather conditions, number of flights, time of beginning and end of the lunch, shift change time, work completion time, current timetable, etc. All formalized messages can be sorted into groups of 27, for example: Emergency call, Off line, Dispatcher messages, Motion delay, Help request. The formalized message block contains the single-byte header of the formalized message 16 (for example, 13xH) and the single-byte code of the formalized message 17. Each message code value 28 corresponds to the content of message 29. The use of the formalized message block allows transmitting data on relatively rare events on the route.

The transmitted data packet may contain data on high-precision analog sensors, the data block contains a single-byte fixed-content label (header, identifier) of a fragment of high-precision analog sensors 18 (for example, 0 VxH) and four bytes of data on the status of two analog sensors.

The information transmitted from the mobile device 42 to the host computer may contain photo data, the block of which consists of a single-byte header of photo data 30 (for example, 11xN), followed by three sequence bytes and block length 31, then four bytes 32, which determine the unique number of the photo, one byte 33 and 34 of the resolution and color information, respectively. Next, three bytes of information about the amount of data in bytes of photo 34 and two bytes of the number of blocks of photo data 35 are located. Next are three bytes that inform about the number of the photo in the series and the multi-shot period 36. Next are eleven characters of the name of the photo file 37 and the block of direct photo data 38 The first packet 39 contains, in addition to the photo data, information common to the photograph, the blocks from the second to the last but one 40 preferably have one length (512 bytes of photo data, the total length of 523 bytes), the last packet 41, ak usually shorter. The data transmitted by the known information transmission systems are sent to a hardware-software decoding and sorting complex 45, which distributes information according to the labels into memory cells 46, each of which reflects the current state of the vehicle on which the mobile device 42 is installed. Further information processing may include archiving, presentation in the form of diagrams, charts, digital data on a user's monitor screen by known methods.

The data transfer method allows you to expand the protocol by introducing additional new single-byte and double-byte labels and placing fragments of information data in the packet at the request of the user (customer).

The presence of the above distinguishing features in comparison with the prototype allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 An additional search for technical solutions, determined by these distinctive features, did not reveal their combined use in other areas of technology to achieve the goal, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The technical result - the expansion of the scope is achieved by the ability to quickly transfer operational information about the position of the mobile device to the main computer (server) and the ability to quickly track (monitor in real time) the position, speed, course of the mobile object.

EFFECT: increased reliability is achieved by compressing information, correspondingly reducing packet length and, as a result, increasing the probability of delivering a shorter packet over radio networks.

EFFECT: obtaining the possibility of automatic transmission of additional data from a moving object is achieved by using compatible protocol fragments that allow organizing the transfer of additional user data.

Industrial application. The foregoing possible embodiments in all aspects should be considered as illustrative and not limiting of the present invention. Thus, with a detailed implementation of the present invention, numerous modifications are possible that a person skilled in the art can make based on the above description. All such changes and modifications should be considered as appropriate to the scope and essence of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A method of transmitting data from a mobile device to the host computer, in which, using a radio transmitter installed on the mobile device and stationary radio receivers connected to the host computer, transmit data packets in the direction of "mobile device - host computer", the radio data packets are included in packet header, fragment header, and transmitted data, characterized in that the transmitted radio packet header consists of a two-byte first label of fixed content and a two-byte value of the total length radio packet, after the preamble, they have a single-byte label of fixed content and four bytes of a unique number assigned to the mobile device, the packet also contains at least one fragment starting with a single-byte label of fixed content, after which there are nineteen bytes containing navigation data, and an array is located inside the main computer memory cells, divided into areas corresponding to moving objects, and a hardware-software unit for decoding and sorting information related th memory cells. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package additionally contains a fragment of passenger traffic data starting with a single-byte fixed designation of the beginning of the fragment and containing eleven bytes of relevant information: about the presence and fact of closing a door with a length of one byte, about the number of passengers leaving and entering through each of the four doors is two bytes long and the tariff zone number is two bytes long. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package further comprises a fragment of analog sensors containing a single-byte header of fixed content and six bytes of status data of four analog sensors. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package further comprises a fragment of the state of discrete sensors containing a single-byte header and four bytes of data containing information about the status of thirty-two discrete sensors. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package further comprises a fragment of a formalized message containing a single-byte header and a single-byte message code. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package further comprises a fragment of analog sensors of high accuracy, containing a single-byte header and four bytes of status data of two analog sensors of high accuracy. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the packet further comprises a fragment of photo data containing a fixed label, the first fragment of photo data containing one byte of the photo header and a zero block of photo data, the length of the current data block, a unique photo identifier forty bits long, a color code one byte long, one byte permission code, three bytes (twenty-four bits) the length of the photo, two bytes of the number of photo blocks, one byte of the number of the current photo in the series, two bytes of the multi-shot period, eleven l byte of the name of the photo file and five hundred twelve bytes of the zero block of the photo, except for the first and last block, any block of photo data is organized as follows: one header byte, one byte of the next block of the photo, two bytes of the length of the photo block, forty bits of the unique photo number, two bytes of the number of the next block and five hundred twelve bytes of photo data of the next block of the photo, the last block of photo data is organized as follows: one byte of the header, one byte of the designation of the last photo block, two bytes to indicate the length of the photo block, forty bits of the unique photo number, two bytes of the next block number and an arbitrary amount less than or equal to five hundred and twelve bytes of photo data of the last photo block. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package further comprises a fragment of a photo data error containing one byte of a header, one byte of a camera error and one byte of an external error code. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the package contains an arbitrary number of fragments with headers: navigation marks, passenger traffic data, sensor readings, formalized messages, flags, photo data.

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