RU2542200C1 - Holes machining tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: cutting part surface is made as result of the parallel transition of the forming calibrating part along the tool rotation axis and simultaneous proportional scaling such that in cross-section perpendicular to the tool rotation axis at distance from start of the cutting part the radius of circle in which the cutting part profile is inscribed, is determined as per provided function.

EFFECT: increased quality of the machined surface due to decreasing of the tension stresses, calibrating and cutting parts in terms of the cross-section is hypocycloid.

Description

Hole tool

The invention relates to the field of tool industry, in particular, to tools for producing holes without residual tensile stresses on the surface.

The prior art tool for processing holes containing a tail, gauge and cutting part formed by the front, rear and corner angles in the plane φ with grooves for chip evacuation, rightfully indicated in the application materials (SU 963740, B23D 77/00, 02/01/1983 ), / 1 / - 3 s.

A disadvantage of the known tool is the narrow technological capabilities, limited by the fact that the known tool only performs machining, due to which obtaining a high-quality surface layer without residual tensile stresses on the surface of the resulting hole is an unresolved problem.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a tool for processing holes, containing a tail, gauge and cutting part formed by front, rear and angle φ in the plan with grooves for chip evacuation, rightfully indicated in the application materials (SU 963740, B23D 77/00 02/01/1983), / 1 / - 3 s.

A disadvantage of the known tool is also the narrow technological capabilities, limited by the fact that the known tool only performs machining, due to which obtaining a high-quality surface layer without residual tensile stresses on the surface of the obtained hole is an unresolved problem.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is to process holes without residual tensile stresses on the surface of the holes, due to the fact that, using a tool, a combined cutting scheme is realized - cutting with subsequent plastic deformation in one pass of the tool.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the tool for processing holes containing a tail, gauge and cutting part formed by front, rear and rear angles with grooves for chip evacuation, while the calibrating and cutting part in cross section is a hypocycloid, according to with at least two vertices, while the surface of the cutting part is formed as a result of parallel transfer of the generatrix of the calibrating part along the axis of rotation of the tool and at the same time proportional scaling in such a way that in a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool, located at a distance x from the beginning of the cutting part, the radius R _{x of the} circle into which the profile of the cutting part is inscribed is determined by the expression:

R _x = Rx tgφ,

where φ is the angle in plan on the cutting part.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an isometric hole processing tool;

- in FIG. 2 - General view of the tool for processing holes;

- in FIG. 3 - profile of the calibrating part;

- in FIG. 4 - profile of the cutting part.

The claimed tool for processing holes contains a tail part 1, a calibrating part 2, a cutting part 3 and contains grooves 4 for removal of chips. The cutting part 3 is characterized by rake angles γ, trailing angles α and a plane angle φ. The generatrix 5 of the calibrating working part 2 is a hypocycloid 6 with vertices 7.

Guide gage part 2 is the axis of rotation 8 of the tool.

The surface of the cutting part 3 is formed as a result of the parallel transfer of the generatrix 5 of the calibrating part 2 along the axis of rotation 8 and a proportional profile change so that in a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation 8 of the tool, located at a distance x from the beginning of the cutting part 3, the radius R _{x of the} circle, in which entered the profile 9 of the cutting part 3, is determined by the expression:

R _x = Rx tgφ

where R is the radius of the circle passing through the vertices of the hypocycloid.

In a projection onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool 8, the tip 9 of the cutting edges belonging to the boundary of the calibrating 2 and cutting 3 parts is located at a distance from the tangent line to the generatrix 5 of the calibrating part 2 at the vertex 7 by δ = (0.002 ... 0.03) * R. δ is the amount of plastic deformation equal to the difference between the radius of the circumscribed circle of the hypocycloidal profile of the calibrating part and the maximum radius of the circumscribed circle of the hypocycloidal profile on the cutting part.

Due to the fact that the proposed tool during processing forms a hole by cutting with subsequent plastic deformation of the surface layer in one pass, a high quality of the surface layer is achieved with no tensile stresses on the surface of the hole. If you use the proposed tool for processing the same holes in the blanks of different materials, the magnitude of the hardening of the surface layer will be different, which expands the technological capabilities of the proposed tool.

Thus, the claimed combination of essential features set forth in the claims, allows to increase the technological capabilities of the tool.

An analysis of the claimed technical solution for compliance with the conditions of patentability showed that the characteristics indicated in the independent claim are interrelated with each other with the formation of a stable population, unknown at the priority date of the prior art of the necessary features, sufficient to obtain the required synergistic (over-total) technical result.

The properties regulated in the claimed invention by individual features are well known in the art and require no further explanation.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed technical solution:

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, in its implementation is intended for use in the field of tool industry, relates to the manufacture of tools for processing holes;

- for the claimed object in the form described in the independent claim, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods known from the prior art on the priority date on the priority date has been confirmed;

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, when implemented, is able to ensure the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant.

Therefore, the claimed subject matter meets the requirements of the patentability conditions of “novelty”, “inventive step” and “industrial applicability” under applicable law.

Claims (1)

A tool for machining holes containing a tail, gauge and cutting parts, the calibrating and cutting parts being formed by the front, rear and corner angles with grooves for chip evacuation, characterized in that the calibrating and cutting parts in cross section are a hypocycloid, at least with two vertices, while the surface of the cutting part is formed as a result of parallel transfer of the generatrix of the calibrating part along the axis of rotation of the tool and at the same time proportional to the so that in a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool, located at a distance x from the beginning of the cutting part, the radius R _{x of the} circle into which the profile of the cutting part is inscribed is determined by the expression:
R _x = Rx tgφ,
where φ is the angle in plan on the cutting part.

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