RU2541970C1 - Method for preventing explosion-hazard accumulations of gases and dust in coal destruction zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a method for prevention of explosion-hazard accumulations of gases and dust in a coal destruction zone, which involves extraction of coal samples from a bed, determination of yield ratio of substances of coal, its gas-bearing capacity, content of fusinite and dust, supply of cooling liquid to a cutter surface and an air-water mixture to the coal destruction zone. Supply of the cooling liquid and the air-water mixture is performed at equal pressure of the liquid in channels of a cutter holder. The cooling liquid is supplied to the cutter surface in a compact form at destruction of coal with the cutter, and liquid in the air-water mixture is dispersed with a possibility of binding explosion-hazard dust fractions; with that, it is supplied via the channel of the cutter holder tangentially to an external cavity of a sleeve with its internal ejecting channel.

EFFECT: implementation of the method will allow increasing safety of mining operations on gas-bearing beds, the coals of which tend to dust explosiveness, due to high efficiency of prevention of explosion-hazard accumulations of gases and dust during destruction of coal with an actuating element of a combined machine.

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used to prevent explosive accumulations of gases and dust in the conditions of coal mining by its destruction by the executive body of the combine due to the supply of coolant and air-water mixture to the coal destruction zone by cutters.

A known method of cooling the cutters of the executive body of the combine during the destruction of coal (Guidelines for combating dust in coal mines. - 2nd ed., Rev. And add. - M .: Nedra, 1979. - 319 p.), Including the supply of irrigation fluid into the zone of coal destruction by cutters of the executive body of the combine.

The disadvantage of this method of preventing frictional sparking during contact of the cutter with the massif is the low efficiency of suppressing fine dust and the high flow rate of the liquid through the nozzles of the irrigation system.

There is another way to prevent frictional sparking as a source of ignition of a dusty air environment (Geotechnological problems of developing coal seams hazardous for gas and dust / A.D. Ruban, G.S. Zaburdyaev, BC Zaburdyaev; Institute of Problems of Integrated Development of the bowels of the Russian Academy of Sciences. - M. : Science, 2007. - 279 p.), Including sampling coal, determining the yield of volatile substances from coal, the content of fusinite and dust, the gas content of the formation, supplying irrigation fluid to the contact points of the cutting tool with the rock.

The disadvantage of this method is the insufficient efficiency of binding of explosive (small) dust fractions in the zone of coal destruction and frictional sparking.

The closest way to prevent explosive accumulations of gases and dust in the zone of coal destruction is the method (Problems of ensuring high productivity of the working faces in methane-rich mines / A.D. Ruban, V. B. Artemyev, BC Zaburdyaev, etc. - M .: URAN IPKON RAS , 2009. - 396 p., Prototype), including sampling coal from the formation, determining the yield of volatile substances from coal, its gas content, fusinite and dust content, supplying coolant to the surface of the cutter and air-water mixture in the area of coal destruction.

The disadvantage of this method is that the prevention of explosive accumulations of gases and dust is carried out without taking into account the magnitude of the pressure of the liquid in the channels of the tool holder when the coolant and air-water mixture are supplied to the coal destruction zone without dispersing the liquid during the formation of the water-air mixture to reduce methane concentration and dust binding of explosive fractions.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of preventing explosive accumulations of gases and dust during the destruction of coal by the executive cutting tool body of the combine due to the rational mode of dilution of explosive gases and binding of small explosive dust fractions in the area of coal destruction.

According to the invention, the goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of preventing explosive accumulations of gases and dust in the area of coal destruction, including sampling coal from the formation, determining the yield of volatile substances from coal, its gas content, the content of fusinite and dust, supplying coolant to the surface of the cutter and water-air mixture in the area of destruction of coal, the supply of coolant and air-water mixture is carried out at equal liquid pressure in the channels of the tool holder, the coolant on the surface of the cutter is fed into ompaktnom a fracture point chisel coal liquid dispersed in the water-air mixture, with binding explosive dust fractions, and its channel bit holder fed tangentially into the outer sleeve with its internal cavity of the entraining passage, and gas bearing formation determined in coal extraction band.

The method is as follows.

In relation to a specific gas-bearing and coal dust hazardous formation, coal samples are taken from the formation, the content of volatile substances in the coal, its gas content in the coal extraction strip, the content of fusinite and dust in the coal are determined, coolant is supplied to the surface of the cutter and the air-water mixture to the fracture area coal, while the coolant and the air-water mixture are supplied at equal fluid pressure in the channels of the tool holder, the coolant is fed to the surface of the cutter in a compact (non-sprayed) at the moment of coal destruction by the cutter, the liquid in the water-air mixture is dispersed with the possibility of binding explosive dust fractions, the mine air is ejected and supplied to the coal destruction region by supplying the liquid through the tool holder channel tangentially into the external cavity of the sleeve with its internal ejection channel.

Coal sampling from the formation massif, determination of the volatile matter content in coal, its gas content, fusinite and dust content in coal is carried out according to standard methods, the essence of which is described in regulatory documents (instructions, guidelines, reference manuals, etc.).

Coolant is supplied to the coal destruction zone by the cutters through the tool holder channels to the surface of the cutter, for which grooves are provided in the tool holder sleeve for supplying liquid (water, water with the addition of surface-active or chemically active substances) to the cutting head of the cutter. The liquid for forming a water-air mixture intended to reduce the concentration of gases (mainly methane) and the content of finely divided explosive dust fractions to a safe level of ignition from frictional sparking is fed tangentially located through the channels in the tool holder into the cavity between the tool holder and a special sleeve, in the inner channel of which is formed water-air mixture directed to the contact zone of the cutting head of the cutter with the rock mass (coal and rock inclusions). In cases where the coal seam contains strong rocks or pyrite inclusions, the tool holder is carried out with an additional channel for supplying fluid to the cutting head of an adjacent cutter following the rotation of the executive (cutting) organ of the combine.

By supplying a water-air mixture to the places of accumulation of gases and dust during coal destruction by cutters of the executive body of the combine, the methane content is less than 4.5% by volume and the lower explosive limit of dust (in grams per cubic meter of air) is established experimentally taking into account the content of microcomponents in coal fusinite, the release of volatile substances and the content of non-combustible rock inclusions.

The implementation of the method will improve the safety of mining on gas-bearing formations, the coals of which are prone to dust explosiveness, due to the high efficiency of preventing explosive accumulations of gases and dust during the destruction of coal by the executive body of the combine.

Claims (1)

The method of preventing explosive accumulations of gases and dust in the zone of coal destruction, including sampling coal from the formation, determining the yield of volatile substances from coal, its gas content, fusinite and dust content, supplying coolant to the surface of the cutter and the air-air mixture to the area of coal destruction, characterized in that the coolant and the air-water mixture are supplied at equal fluid pressure in the channels of the tool holder, the coolant is fed to the surface of the cutter in a compact form at the time of coal destruction p The liquid in the water-air mixture is dispersed with the possibility of binding explosive dust fractions, while it is fed through the tool holder channel tangentially into the external cavity of the sleeve with its internal ejection channel, and the gas content of the formation is determined in the coal extraction strip.