RU2536882C2 - Fungicidal composition for building structures (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for use as an agent for protecting building structures from mould. The fungicidal composition for building structures comprises copper oleate as a fungicide, castor oil or ricinic acid as a carrier and a solvent. The mixture of fungicide and carrier comprises 10-50 vol % fungicide and makes up 10-95 vol % of the composition. The solvent used can be toluene, xylene, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohol, white spirit, turpentine, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl cellosolve, linseed oil, dimethyl formamide and dimethylsulphoxide.

EFFECT: disclosed fungicidal compositions provide high degree of protection of a surface from fungus, increased depth of penetration of material.

4 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to compositions used for application to concrete, brick, plastered or wooden surfaces of premises as an antiseptic.

Mold on indoor surfaces is a fairly common occurrence. Mold or fungus can appear in any corner of the room in the form of a black, green, sometimes yellow-orange spot with a greenish tint. Poorly ventilated rooms with high humidity are particularly susceptible to mold. When the mold situation on the walls is started, a rather unpleasant smell in the room may even appear. Mold-fungus is harmful to human health: it can cause various kinds of diseases.

Many methods and fungicidal compositions have been developed to combat mold.

According to the method disclosed in GB786750 (A), holes are drilled in the brick or concrete walls affected by the fungus and a fungicide solution such as sodium pentochlorophenate is pumped through them.

A method of saturating wooden structures with a fungicide, significantly increasing the life of structures (US 8304087), also involves making holes in the product that are filled with a fungicide, surfactant and monomer, which turns into a gel and prevents the fungicide from flowing out of the hole.

The composition according to KR 101155174 (B1) serves as an impregnating and strengthening agent for concrete surfaces. It contains soluble glass, aqueous acrylic emulsion, organic binder, water repellent, antiseptic and water.

ES 2076064 (A1) discloses waterproof material for porous building structures made of concrete, brick, terracotta, plaster. The material consists of potassium methyl silicate, which upon contact with CO ₂ polymerizes to form hydrophobic polymers that partially close the pores and prevent the penetration of water into the surface of structures. The material may contain fungicide and bactericide.

Closest to the claimed is a fungicidal composition for building structures containing fungicide, carrier and solvent (FR 2727830). As a fungicide, it contains triazoles, complex boron compounds or isothiazolinones, triglycerides, esters or polyesters are taken as a carrier, acrylic copolymers or polysaccharides are used as a solvent.

However, none of the known fungicidal compositions does not provide a solution to the following tasks.

1. Creation of conditions that are unfavorable for the growth of fungi, including in humid and flooded rooms. Among these conditions is, first of all, hydrophobization of the pore surface of wet building structures and the calcination of such pores.

2. Hydrophobization and sintering of pores should be carried out with materials having pronounced fungicidal properties.

3. Fungicides must be immobilized on the surface and in the volume of building material. The possibility of leaching fungicide with water, detergents or solvents from building materials should be excluded.

4. The fungicide should be low toxic. An additional exclusion of the possibility of toxic effects of the fungicide on the environment should be ensured by its immobilization in the volume of the substrate.

5. If the room is intended for the storage of food products, such as vegetables, it should be possible to easily and reliably paint such rooms, followed by the possibility of treating such painted rooms with non-toxic antiseptics, such as sulfur dioxide.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a fungicidal composition, which provides a solution to the complex of these problems.

In one embodiment, a fungicidal composition for building structures containing a fungicide, a carrier and a solvent, according to the invention, the problem is solved in that it contains copper oleate as a fungicide and castor oil as a carrier, the mixture of fungicide and carrier containing 10-50 vol. % fungicide and is 10-90 vol.% composition.

In another embodiment, a fungicidal composition for building structures containing a fungicide, a carrier and a solvent, according to the invention, the problem is solved in that it contains copper oleate as a fungicide and ricinoleic acid as a carrier, the mixture of fungicide and carrier containing 10-50 vol. % fungicide and is 10-90 vol.% composition.

Preferably, the fungicidal composition as a solvent contains at least one of the following substances: toluene, xylene, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, white spirit, turpentine, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl cellosolve, linseed oil, dimethylformide .

Castor oil, which is part of the composition, is able to diffuse into the volume of moist porous materials, and upon contact with an alkaline surface, this oil is instantly hydrolyzed and chemisorbed on the pore surface of the building material. When impregnating non-alkaline building materials, it is advisable to replace castor oil with ricinoleic acid. During sorption of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, the pore surface of building materials is hydrophobized, which leads to the displacement of water from them.

Copper oleate is a fungicide. Thus, tests have shown that copper oleate or a mixture of castor oil and copper oleate inhibits the growth of fungi of the most common strains of Aspergillus, Mucor and Penicillium. To ensure the necessary concentration of copper oleate in the substrate, its concentration in castor oil should be at least 10%. The concentration of solvent in the composition should not be more than 95%. At the same time, at a solvent concentration of less than 10%, sufficient mobility of the composition is not ensured for its diffusion over the volume of the substrate.

Samples of fungi were taken from moldy areas of buildings. In the experiments used the nutrient medium Saburo. Particles of samples of structural fragments affected by fungi were laid out on the surface of the nutrient medium in Petri dishes to accumulate fungal culture. Allocated a pure culture. Identification Pure isolated culture was sown on Petri dishes with Saburo medium in a continuous lawn.

A fungicidal composition was applied to the substrates — wet building structures affected by fungi made of concrete, ceramic brick, wood, and lime plaster. After the composition was absorbed into the substrate, fragments were separated from it using a diamond disk, and the preparations thus obtained were placed in glass cylinders inserted into Petri dishes. The fungicidal activity of the preparations was checked one month after the complete disappearance of the solvents from them. No fungal growth was observed on the preparations.

To determine the immobilization of the fungicide in the preparations, they were placed in water and kept in it for three days, and then dried. This operation was repeated 20 times. It was determined that such treatment of drugs does not affect their fungicidal activity.

Copper oleate has a pronounced diphilic structure, providing its surface-active properties, significantly increases the depth of impregnation of the wet substrate. As can be seen from the table, the depth of impregnation of wet water-saturated lime plaster with different porosity by a mixture of solutions of copper oleate and castor oil significantly exceeds the depth of impregnation of the plaster with individual ingredients.

As a solvent, individual substances and mixtures of toluene, xylene, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohol, white spirit, turpentine, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl cellosolve, linseed oil, dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide were tested. The data presented in the table were obtained using a mixture of ethyl alcohol and octane in a ratio of 1: 1, this solvent relatively quickly evaporates from the substrate, it is environmentally friendly, although its use reduces the depth of impregnation by about 15% compared, for example, using a mixture of ethanol and xylene. The amount of solvent in the composition was 60%.

The composition on the surface of the substrate was applied with a brush at a temperature of 20 ° C, after having dried the surface with a rag. The penetration depth of the castor oil into the volume of the plaster was determined by the hydrophobization of the plaster at various distances from the surface. Hydrophobization was judged by the value of the contact angles of wetting the plaster with water. The presence of copper oleate in the volume of the plaster was determined using IR spectroscopy. The plaster was impregnated with a 50% solution of copper oleate or a mixture of copper oleate and castor oil. A month after its impregnation, the required amount of plaster was ground, dried, thoroughly crushed and mixed with liquid paraffin, after which the intensity of absorption bands of 1604 and 1435 cm ^-1 was used to judge the amount of copper oleate in the plaster at various distances from its surface.

No. p / p The porosity of the plaster,% The ratio in the composition of castor oil: copper oleate The thickness of the hydrophobized layer of plaster, mm Depth of penetration into the plaster of copper oleate, mm one 4.6 100: 0 3 - 2 7.2 100: 0 8 - 3 12.6 100: 0 eleven - four 4.6 0: 100 0 0 5 7.2 0: 100 0 0 6 4.6 90:10 3 one 7 4.6 80:20 four 3 8 7.2 80:20 10 8 9 12.6 80:20 More than 12 More than 12 10 7.2 50:50 9 8

Copper oleate on the surface of the pores of the substrate, including in the volume of the hydrophobized substrate, undergoes oxidative polymerization, which leads to its immobilization and excludes the possibility of migration over the volume of the substrate or beyond.

On the surface of the substrate, impregnated with a fungicidal composition containing copper oleate, coatings are well applied and firmly held on it.

The depth of wood impregnation with a mixture of solutions of copper oleate and castor oil depends on the type of wood, the water content in the wood, the degree of wood degradation, and the concentration of the composition. The depth of impregnation of freshly cut pine wood can reach tens of centimeters. As the wood dries, the depth of impregnation decreases. Wood that has already been affected by fungi is especially well impregnated. After impregnation, fungi in the volume of wood die.

The patterns of impregnation of water-saturated concrete are comparable with the patterns obtained by impregnating lime plaster.

The depth of impregnation of water-saturated ceramic brick with a mixture of solutions of copper oleate and castor oil is negligible. To increase the depth of impregnation, it is recommended that castor oil be replaced with ricinoleic acid in the composition. Such a replacement allows to increase the depth of impregnation of water-saturated ceramic bricks with a fraction of a millimeter to tens of millimeters.

Claims (4)

1. A fungicidal composition for building structures containing a fungicide, a carrier and a solvent, characterized in that it contains copper oleate as a fungicide and castor oil as a carrier, the mixture of fungicide and carrier containing 10-50 vol.% Fungicide and 10 -90 vol.% Composition. 2. The fungicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one of the following substances as a solvent: toluene, xylene, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, white spirit, turpentine, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanol, ethyl acetate , ethyl cellosolve, linseed oil, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide. 3. A fungicidal composition for building structures containing a fungicide, a carrier and a solvent, characterized in that it contains copper oleate as a fungicide and ricinoleic acid as a carrier, the mixture of fungicide and carrier containing 10-50 vol.% Fungicide and 10 -90 vol.% Composition. 4. The fungicidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains at least one of the following substances as a solvent: toluene, xylene, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, white spirit, turpentine, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanol, ethyl acetate , ethyl cellosolve, linseed oil, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide.