RU2536233C2 - Individual intraoral respiratory training device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: training device is made of a polymer material and shaped as a tray covering the dental arch and the vestibular clivus on the upper jaw, and partially the dental arch on the lower jaw. The training device covers the vestibular clivus of the upper jaw at 2 mm from the gingival groove, as well as the mandibular tuberosity and teeth cutting edges. The training device covers the dental arches of the upper and lower jaws to second molars, while a distal border of the palatal portion of the training device is attached within the area from a line drawn between mesial surfaces of the first pre-molars of the upper jaw, to a line drawn between distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw. The palatal portion of the training device represents a partition mounted at the same level with an occlusion surface of the training device covering the dental arches; between the partition and the hard palate, there is an empty space, wherein air can penetrate when the patient breathes. The training device has the vestibular surface 2-3.5 mm thick and the occlusion surface 3-5 mm thick.

EFFECT: training device does not block the lower jaw motions and can be used for workouts aiming at increasing the sportsmen's functional qualification by means of resistive-respiratory loads, more complete adaptation to protective trays.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and is intended to create increased resistance to breathing.

It is known that breathing under conditions of increased resistive and elastic resistance to breathing is an effective means of enhancing the effect of physical exertion on the body. Currently, for the prevention of injuries of the maxillofacial region, both in professional and amateur sports, along with other protective equipment, individual sports protective mouthguards are used.

Known sports dental tire made of silicone composition, including silicone rubber, modified aerosil and zinc oxide [1].

Known boxing preventive jaw tire in the form of a horseshoe-shaped plate made of injection molding polyurethane SKU-PFL, while the thickness of the working surface of the tire is 0.5-0.8 mm [2].

Known sports dental tires made of elastic plastic, covering the dentition on the upper jaw, hard palate and the vestibular slope of the alveolar processes, and on the lower jaw - teeth to the equator, while the tires are made taking into account a gap of 0.5 mm over the entire surface of the tooth crown, restored structural material [3 - prototype].

Known mouthguards provide a more snug fit to the tissues, which can significantly reduce the risk of injury. In addition, it is easier to adapt to them, as they are more comfortable to use. However, for the most complete adaptation to the kappa, it is necessary to wear it continuously during any training activity, and not exclusively at competitions or during sparring. It has been established that mouth guards even with a maximally reduced palatine part have a resistive effect on respiration.

The technical result of the invention lies in the fact that an individual intraoral breathing simulator with a modified thickened palatine part does not block the movements of the lower jaw and can be used during training aimed at increasing the functional preparedness of athletes using resistive-respiratory loads, as well as more complete adaptation to protective kappam.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the individual intraoral breathing simulator is made of polymer material in the form of a mouthguard covering the dentition and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw and partially on the dentition on the lower jaw, while the simulator covers the vestibular slope of the upper jaw, 2 mm from the gingival groove, as well as tubercles and cutting edges of the teeth of the lower jaw, the simulator covers the dentition of the upper and lower jaws to the second molars, and the distal border of the palatine part of the simulator is located in the range from the line drawn between the mesial surfaces of the first maxillary premolar to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first maxillary molars, while the palatine part of the simulator is made in the form of a partition located at the same level with the occlusal surface of the simulator, covering the dentition, while between the partition and the hard palate there is an empty space into which air can breathe when breathing, and the simulator has a thickness of the vestibular surface of 2-3.5 mm and a thickness of approx Zeon surface 3-5 mm.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where

figure 1 presents the simulator is a top view;

figure 2 presents the simulator is a front view;

figure 3 presents the simulator is a bottom view;

figure 4 presents the simulator on the model.

The invention consists in the following.

An individual intraoral breathing simulator (hereinafter referred to as the simulator) is made in the form of a mouthguard for placement on the upper jaw and covers the dentition and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw and partially on the dentition on the lower jaw. The simulator on the upper jaw covers the vestibular slope of the upper jaw, retreating 2 mm from the gingival groove. The simulator on the lower jaw covers the tubercles and the cutting edges of the teeth. The simulator overlaps the dentition to the second molars. The distal border of the palatine part of the simulator is in the range from the line drawn between the mesial surfaces of the first premolars of the upper jaw to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw. The palatine part of the simulator is made in the form of a septum located on the same level as the chewing surface of the simulator covering the dentition, and there is an empty space between the septum and the hard palate, which can breathe air when breathing. The simulator has a thickness of the vestibular surface of 2-3.5 mm and a thickness of the occlusal surface of 3-5 mm. The simulator is made of polymer structural material.

In the particular case, the simulator can be made of a polymer material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tear resistance of 407.8 kgf / cm ³ , by lamination in a press and thermoforming unit . An individual intraoral breathing simulator creates resistance to the air flow during breathing, while by varying the thickness of the palatine, vestibular and occlusal surfaces, based on anthropometric features, the degree of separation of the dentition at rest, the athlete’s bite, the dentist can make a simulator for respiratory resistive training set by the trainer intensity.

An individual intraoral breathing simulator is made by lamination in a press and thermoforming unit, for example, “DROFOMAT” as follows.

The dentist makes one impression of the upper and lower jaws. The impression must accurately reproduce the teeth, the gum right up to the transitional fold, frenulum, the hard palate is full. Based on the prints, gypsum models are made of class IV gypsum. On the models draw the boundaries of the mouthguards and cut off all the side parts of the model that are outside the outlined contour. To ensure the required thickness for the completed mouthguard, the model must be processed using a gypsum trimmer, so that the height of the model in the area of the front teeth is 25 mm and in the area of the back teeth is 22 mm. In order to make the palatal part in the form of a septum after manufacturing the model of the upper jaw, plaster is filled to the neck of the teeth with that part of the model that displays the arch of the hard palate. Models are fixed in the articulator so that then they can be removed together. The models are abundantly moistened and an alginate insulating substance is applied to them. Go to the process of thermoforming. The model is placed on a pimple plate covering the pellet container. The highest part of the model should be centered on the heating element. The plate is laid on the ring for the plates of the DRUFOMAT installation and fixed. Fix the heater in the installation and set the heating time to 2 minutes After the lapse of time, the plate will bend strongly towards the model. Thermoforming is carried out according to the instructions for the DRUFOMAT installation. Cool the plate under pressure for at least 5 minutes. Open the installation and remove the plate on the model. The excess is cut off and the final shape of the mouthguard is formed using scissors in accordance with the figure on the model. To obtain the thickness required from the point of view of the dentist, the material is ground off from the vestibular and occlusal surfaces of the simulator with a polymer nozzle on a direct tip on a micromotor.

Next, thermoforming of the second plate is carried out, while the heating phase is 2.5 minutes. The plates are cooled in 10-15 minutes. The simulator is cut in accordance with the first plate using scissors.

The occlusal contacts are refined using an articulator, and then the tray is subjected to traditional processing.

For the manufacture of mouthguards, in particular, plates of a thermoplastic material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tensile strength of 407.8 kgf / cm ^{3 can be used} .

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2291881 C1, published on January 20, 2007. "A method of manufacturing sports dental tires."

2. Patent RU 935097, published 06/15/1982. "Boxing preventive dental splint."

3. Patent RU 2306163 C2, published September 20, 2007. "Sports Dental Tires."

Claims (2)

1. An individual intraoral breathing simulator made of a polymer material in the form of a mouthguard covering the dentition and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw and partially on the dentition on the lower jaw, while the simulator covers the vestibular slope of the upper jaw, 2 mm from the gingival groove, also tubercles and cutting edges of the teeth of the lower jaw, the simulator covers the dentition of the upper and lower jaws to the second molars, and the distal border of the palatine part of the simulator is located in the range from the line drawn between the mesial the surfaces of the first premolars of the upper jaw, to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw, while the palatine part of the simulator is made in the form of a septum located at the same level with the occlusal surface of the simulator covering the dentition, while between the septum and the hard palate an empty space into which air may enter during breathing, and the simulator has a vestibular surface thickness of 2-3.5 mm and an occlusal surface thickness of 3-5 mm. 2. The individual intraoral breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a polymer structural material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tear resistance of 407.8 kgf / cm ³ by lamination in a press and thermoforming installation.

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