RU2533867C1 - Compact wide range conical asymmetric vibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: compact wide range conical asymmetric vibrator contains a flat conductive pad, a basic hollow metallic cone with the height of H and an apex angle of α₁. The cone is installed above the flat conductive pad, its apex facing the pad, and its axis is perpendicular to the pad. The vibrator also contains a metallic insert, lower metallic shunts, a basic coaxial feeder, containing the central conductor, connected to the apex of the basic cone, and an external conductor, connected to the conductive pad. The vibrator might also contain the second hollow metallic cone with the height of h₂ and an apex angle of α₂, upper metallic shunts, a terminating metallic shunt, the second coaxial feeder with the central conductor connected to the apex of the second cone, and an external conductor, connected to the metallic insert. Optimal ratios of sizes of antenna structure elements are determined in the form of mathematical expressions.

EFFECT: wider frequency range of the antenna.

19 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio engineering, namely to antenna technology, and can be used as receiving and / or transmitting antennas of wide-band VHF radio stations and navigation systems such as "GPS" and "GLONASS".

Known conical asymmetric vibrator ("VHF Antennas" under the editorship of GZ Aizenberg, 4.1. M., "Communication", 1977, pp. 183-185), consisting of a hollow metal cone with a height H with an angle at the apex α installed vertically above a conductive flat surface and its vertex facing it, an additional metal cone of height h and with an angle at the apex β. The bases of the hollow metal cone and the additional metal cone are congruent, facing each other and electrically connected. The coaxial feeder is connected by a central conductor to the top of the hollow metal cone, and the screen sheath to the conductive surface over which it is mounted. The inclusion in the conical asymmetric vibrator of an additional metal cone allows you to increase the value of the maximum working wavelength λ _max , which provides the required level of matching the antenna with the exciting feeder.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- relatively large electrical vertical dimensions of the device;

- relatively large overall transverse dimensions of the device;

- the issue of limiting the operating range in the region of short wavelengths is not considered;

- the impossibility of expanding the frequency range of the antenna by placing in the dimensions of the original conical asymmetric vibrator structurally combined with it a second antenna of an additional frequency range.

Known shunt conical asymmetric vibrator ("Short-wave antennas" under the editorship of GZ Aizenberg, M., "Communication", 1985, pp. 212-222). In this device, the metal surface of the hollow metal cone is connected at a number of points by electrical conductors - shunts with a conductive flat surface, which allows to reduce the height of the vibrator necessary to ensure the required level of matching the antenna with the exciting feeder at the maximum working wavelength λ _max and extend the operating frequency range beyond by improving antenna matching.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- the relatively large electrical vertical dimensions of the device, since α is the maximum angle at the apex of the hollow metal cone, at which it is possible to match the antenna with the exciting feeder at a satisfactory level, should not exceed 32 angles. hail.;

- relatively large overall transverse dimensions of the device;

- the issue of limiting the operating range in the region of short wavelengths is not considered;

- the impossibility of expanding the frequency range of the antenna by placing in the dimensions of the original conical asymmetric vibrator structurally combined with it a second antenna of an additional frequency range.

Known conical asymmetric vibrator (RF patent No. 2448395 H01Q 9/00, 2010), the closest in technical essence and the number of essential features to the patented invention and selected as a prototype. The known invention is a conical asymmetric vibrator in the form of a hollow metal cone with a height H coinciding with the height of a conical asymmetric vibrator and an angle α at the apex, mounted vertically above the conductive surface and facing the apex, and an additional metal cone with a height h and an angle β at the apex mounted coaxially with a hollow metal cone. An additional metal cone is placed inside the hollow metal cone so that its apex coincides with the opening plane of the hollow cone. The use of an additional metal cone makes it possible to increase the electric height of a conical asymmetric vibrator at a given geometric height H, i.e. allows you to reduce the requirements for N for a given λ _max . The minimum height N, at which the required level of antenna matching by resistance is achieved, is limited by the condition N / λ _max ≥0.3.

The disadvantages of this device include:

- relatively large electrical vertical dimensions of the device;

- relatively large overall transverse dimensions of the device;

- the issue of limiting the operating range in the region of short wavelengths is not considered;

- the impossibility of expanding the frequency range of the antenna by placing in the dimensions of the original conical asymmetric vibrator structurally combined with it a second antenna of an additional frequency range.

The patented invention - a compact wide-band conical asymmetric vibrator solves the problem of creating a compact antenna with a minimum electric height, which ensures the fulfillment of the requirements for matching quality and radiation pattern in a wide range of wavelengths.

EFFECT: patented invention provides the creation of single-band wide-band conical asymmetric vibrators with a minimum electric height and a reduced one of the overall transverse dimensions and allows you to expand the frequency range of the antenna by placing inside and in the dimensions of a single-band conical asymmetric vibrator of a structurally second conical asymmetric vibrator of shorter wavelengths .

The essence of the patented invention is illustrated by a description of the options for its implementation, drawings and drawings, which show:

Figure 1. Compact wide-range conical unbalanced vibrator.

Figure 2. Compact wide-range conical single-ended vibrator, top view.

Figure 3. Configuring a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator along the patterns of the forming elliptical cylinder.

Figure 4. Single-band compact wide-band conical single-ended vibrator.

Fig. 5 Graph of the VSWR value versus frequency in the long-wave subband.

Fig. 6. Graph of the VSWR value versus frequency in the short-wave subband.

Fig. 7. Radiation patterns in the long wavelength subband.

Fig. 8. Radiation patterns in the shortwave subband.

Figure 1-8 introduced the following notation:

1 - flat conductive pad, 2 - base hollow metal cone, 3 - metal insert, 4 - lower metal shunt, 5 - second hollow metal cone, 6 - upper metal shunt, 7 - output metal shunt, 8 - basic coaxial feeder, 9 - the second coaxial feeder, H is the height of the base hollow metal cone 2, α ₁ is the angle at the apex of the base hollow metal cone 2, H ₁ is the installation height of the base of the metal liner 3 above a flat conductive pad 1, h ₁ is the height of the liner 3 in the form of a metal cone, β - y l at the top of the insert 3 as a metal cone, h ₂ - height of the second hollow metal cones 5, α ₂ - the angle at the vertex of the second hollow metal cones 5, L - length outputting metallic shunt 7.

Patented invention - a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator has various options for implementation. The choice of a specific implementation of the invention is due to functional tasks and the field of its practical use.

1. A compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator combining in one device a conical asymmetric long-wave subband vibrator and a conical asymmetric short-wave vibrator.

The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator consists, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, of a flat conductive pad 1, a base hollow metal cone 2 of height H and with an apex angle α ₁ that is mounted above the plane of the flat conductive pad 1, facing its vertex and whose axis is perpendicular to the conductive ground plane 1, the metal insert 3, the lower metal shunts 4, the second hollow metal cones 5 height h ₂ and with an apex angle α _2, the upper metal shunts 6 outputting metal block shunt 7, the base coaxial feeder 8, the central conductor of which is connected to the top of the base hollow metal cone 2, and the outer conductor to the flat conductive pad 1, the second coaxial feeder 9, the central conductor of which is connected to the top of the second hollow metal cone 5, and the outer conductor to the metal insert 3.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved as follows.

Install inside the base hollow metal cone 2 metal insert 3 in the form of a flat metal insert. The metal insert 3 is installed end-to-end with the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone 2 at a height of H ₁ above and parallel to the flat conductive pad 1. The perimeter of the metal insert 3 is electrically connected to the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone 2. Installation of the insert 3 allows you to slightly reduce the physical height H necessary to ensure the required level of matching of the antenna with the base coaxial feeder 8 at the maximum working wavelength λ _max , since it increases the equivalent current path conductivity in a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator, increasing its electrical height.

Connect the bottom metal shunts 4, perpendicular to the flat conductive pad 1, the surface of the base hollow metal cone 2 with the conductive pad 1, which for a given λ _max can further reduce the physical height H necessary to ensure the required level of matching of the antenna with the base coaxial feeder 8, and several to expand the working range of wavelengths by expanding the short-wave region of the long-wave subband.

The introduction of a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator of a flat metal insert 3 made it possible to install a second hollow metal cone 5 inside the base hollow metal cone 2 without increasing the total height H of such a prefabricated structure. The metal insert 3 serves simultaneously as a structural support for the second hollow metal cone 5 and an electric screen.

The second hollow metal cone 5 is installed above the surface of the metal liner 3 inside and coaxially with the base hollow metal cone 2. The second hollow metal cone 5 is facing the top of the metal liner 3. Connect the upper metal shunts 7, perpendicular to the metal liner 3, the surface of the hollow metal cone 7 c metal insert 3. The height h ₂ and the height H ₁ are chosen so that the condition h ₂ + H ₁ ≤H is fulfilled.

The installation inside the base hollow metal cone 2 above the surface of the metal liner 3 of the second hollow metal cone 5 made it possible to realize a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator, the working range of which consists of two subbands - a long-wave subband, the signal of which passes along the base coaxial feeder 8, and a short-wave subband, signal which passes through the second coaxial feeder 9.

To exclude the influence on the operation of the compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator of the second coaxial feeder 9, the second coaxial feeder 9 is placed in a shielded space. A metal shunt 7, which is made in the form of a hollow tube of length L <H _{1, is} installed perpendicular to the plane of the flat conductive pad ₁ . A metal shunt 7 electrically connects the base hollow metal cone 2 to the flat conductive pad 1. Along the axis of the output metal shunt 7, holes are made in the base hollow metal cone 2 and to the flat conductive pad 1. The second coaxial feeder 9 is removed from the compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator, as shown in figure 1, beyond a flat conductive pad 1 through an area bounded by the surface of the metal liner 3 and the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone 2 from the side of its top, through an opening in the base hollow metal cone 2, through the output metal shunt 7 and through the hole in the flat conductive area 1.

In a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator, a base hollow metal cone 2 is used, in which a part from the base side and its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive plate 1 are eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry passing perpendicularly to the flat conductive pad 1 represents an elongated figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D = 2Htgα ₁ and a transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry trii, - d.

A metal insert 3 is used, the outer part of which is eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry, and the contour of its projection onto the plane of the plane conductive pad 1 is an elongated figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ and a transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry , - d ₁ , while in the region in which the lateral surface of the hollow metal cone 2 is not eliminated, the metal insert 3 is a circle with a diameter of D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ .

A second hollow metal cone 5 is used, in which a part is eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry from the side of its base and the contour of its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive pad 1 is an elongated figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D ₂ = 2h ₂ tgα ₂ and a transverse dimension of the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, d ₂ .

, где ось Z совпадает с осью базового полого металлического конуса, а величину b определяют по формуле $$b=\frac{d}{2\sqrt{1-\frac{d^2}{D^2}}}$$

.As one of the variants of the base hollow metal cone 2, the metal liner 3 and the second hollow metal cone 5, the base hollow metal cone 2, the metal liner 3 and the second hollow metal cone 5 are used, in which, as shown in Fig. 3, the parts located outside the surface of the forming elliptical cylinder, the axis of which passes through the top of the hollow metal cone, is perpendicular to its axis and lies in the plane of symmetry, and the equation of the forming elliptical cylinder has view $$\frac{y^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2}+\frac{z^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="H"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">H</figure-callout>}}^2}=\mathrm{one}$$

where the Z axis coincides with the axis of the base hollow metal cone, and the value of b is determined by the formula $$b=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}{2\sqrt{\mathrm{one}-\frac{d^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}^2}}}$$

.

The use of the base hollow metal cone 2 thus formed, the metal insert 3 and the second hollow metal cone 5 can further reduce, for a given λ _{max, the} physical height H necessary to ensure the required level of matching of the antenna with the coaxial feeder 8, and somewhat expand the working wavelength range due to expanding the short-wavelength region of the long-wavelength subband in which the requirements for DN are met.

A general decrease in the physical height H and a decrease in the transverse size d of the base hollow metal cone 2 can ensure that the requirements for DN are fulfilled at shorter wavelengths and, thereby, expand the long-wave subband of the compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator.

In addition, reducing the transverse dimension d of the hollow metal cone 2 allows to reduce the overall transverse dimension of a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator.

To ensure the claimed technical result, the following conditions must be met.

. Углы α₁ и α₂ выбирают в интервалах α₁=45÷65 угл.град., α₂=45÷60 угл.град. Соотношение высот h₂ и Н выбирают в интервале $$\frac{h_2}{H}=\mathrm{0,05}÷\mathrm{0,25}$$

. Размер d выбирают из условия $$\frac{d}{D}=\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Размер d₁ выбирают из условия $$\frac{d_1}{D_1}=\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Размер d₂ выбирают из условия $$\frac{d_2}{D_2}=\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

.The height H of the base hollow metal cone is selected from the condition H / λ _max ≥0.08, where λ _max is the maximum wavelength of the working wave range. λ _min1 - the minimum wavelength of the long-wavelength subband of the operating wavelength range is selected from the condition H / λ _min1 ≤0.4, λ _max2 , λ _min2 - the maximum and minimum wavelength of the short-wavelength subband of the operating wavelength range is selected from the conditions H / λ _max2 ≥0.7 , H / λ _min2 ≤1.2, respectively. The height H _{1 is} selected from the condition $$\frac{H_{\mathrm{one}}}{H}=0.35÷0.85$$

. The angles α ₁ and α ₂ are selected in the intervals α ₁ = 45 ÷ 65 angular degrees., Α ₂ = 45 ÷ 60 angular degrees. The ratio of heights h ₂ and N is selected in the range $$\frac{h_2}{H}=0.05÷0.25$$

. Size d is chosen from the condition $$\frac{d}{D}=0.4÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Size d _{1 is} chosen from the condition $$\frac{d_{\mathrm{one}}}{D_{\mathrm{one}}}=0.4÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Size d ₂ choose from the condition $$\frac{d_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2}=0.4÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

.

2. An actual embodiment of the patented invention is a compact wide-band conical asymmetric vibrator designed to operate as a single-band antenna.

A compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator consists, as shown in Fig. 4, of a flat conductive pad 1, a base hollow metal cone 2 of height H and with an angle at apex α ₁ , which is mounted above the flat conductive pad 1, with its vertex facing and its axis perpendicular to the plane of a flat conductive pad 1, a metal insert 3, which is a metal cone of height h and with an angle at the apex β, the lower metal shunts 4 and the base coaxial feeder 8, the central wire whose liner is connected to the top of the base hollow metal cone 2, and the outer conductor to a flat conductive pad 1.

The construction of the second embodiment of the invention is simpler than the first, it does not contain (see FIG. 1) a second hollow metal cone 5, a second coaxial feeder 9 and a lead metal shunt 7, there are no lead holes for the second coaxial feeder 9 in the base hollow metal cone 2 and flat conductive area 1.

The use of a metal insert 3 in the form of a metal cone can additionally slightly reduce the physical height H necessary to ensure the required level of matching of the antenna with the coaxial feeder 5 at the maximum working wavelength λ _max .

The metal insert 3 in the form of a metal cone is installed inside the base hollow metal cone 2 coaxially with it and end-to-end with its inner surface. The metal liner 3 is set so that its base is placed at a height of H ₁ above the plane of the flat conductive pad 1 and the condition h ₁ + H ₁ ≤H is fulfilled. The base of the metal insert 3 is electrically connected to the inner surface of the hollow metal cone 2.

Connect the lower metal shunts 4, perpendicular to the flat conductive pad 1, the surface of the base hollow metal cone 2 with a conductive pad 1,

As shown in FIG. 3, a base hollow metal cone 2 is used, in which a part from its base and its projection onto a plane plane are eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the base hollow metal cone 2 perpendicular to the plane of the flat conductive pad 1 conductive pad 1 is an elongated figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D = 2Htgα ₁ and a transverse dimension in the direction. perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, - d. A metal insert 3 is used, in which a part is eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry from the side of its base and the contour of its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive pad 1 is an elongated figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ and a transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, - d ₁ , while in the region in which the lateral surface of the hollow metal cone 2 is not eliminated, the base of the metal insert 3 is a circle with a diameter of D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ .

, где ось Z совпадает с осью полого металлического конуса 2, а величину b определяют по формуле $$b=\frac{d}{2\sqrt{1-\frac{d^2}{D^2}}}$$

.As one of the variants of the base hollow metal cone 2 and the metal liner 3, as shown in FIG. 3, use the base hollow metal cone 2 and the metal liner 3, in which the parts from the bases located outside the surface of the forming elliptical cylinder, the axis of which are eliminated passes through the top of the hollow metal cone, perpendicular to its axis and lies in the plane of symmetry, and the equation of the forming elliptical cylinder has the form $$\frac{y^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2}+\frac{z^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="H"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">H</figure-callout>}}^2}=\mathrm{one}$$

where the Z axis coincides with the axis of the hollow metal cone 2, and the value of b is determined by the formula $$b=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}{2\sqrt{\mathrm{one}-\frac{d^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}^2}}}$$

.

To ensure the claimed technical result, the following conditions must be met.

. Углы α₁ и β выбирают в Н интервалах α₁=45÷65 угл.град., β=45÷90 угл. град. Высоту h₁ выбирают из условий h₁=0÷0,5H, H≥h₁+H₁. Размер d выбирают из условия $$\frac{d}{D}=\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Размер d₁ выбирают из условия $$\frac{d_1}{D1}=\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

.The height H of the base hollow metal cone is selected from the condition N / λ _max ≥0.08, where λ _max is the maximum wavelength of the working wave range. The minimum wavelength of the operating wavelength range λ _{min is} selected from the condition H / λ _min ≤0.4. The height H _{1 is} chosen from the condition - $$\frac{H_{\mathrm{one}}}{H}=0.35÷0.85$$

. The angles α ₁ and β are selected in N intervals α ₁ = 45 ÷ 65 angular degrees, β = 45 ÷ 90 angles. hail. The height h _{1 is} selected from the conditions h ₁ = 0 ÷ 0.5H, H≥h ₁ + H ₁ . Size d is chosen from the condition $$\frac{d}{D}=0.4÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

. Size d _{1 is} chosen from the condition $$\frac{d_{\mathrm{one}}}{D\mathrm{one}}=0.4÷\mathrm{1,0}$$

.

The feasibility of the characteristics claimed for the patented invention was verified by mathematical modeling and experimentally for a dual-band compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator combining in one device a conical asymmetric long-wave sub-band vibrator and a conical asymmetric short-wave sub-band vibrator.

. При расчетах полагалось, что Н=187 мм, Н₁=150 мм, h₂=25 мм, α₁=65 угл.град., α₂=60 угл.град., b=Н, волновое сопротивление фидеров ρ=50 Ом.Mathematical modeling was carried out for a dual-band compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator, which uses a hollow metal cone 2, a metal insert 3 and a second hollow metal 5, in which parts located outside the surface of the forming elliptical cylinder, the axis of which passes through the top of the hollow metal cone, are perpendicular its axis lies in the plane of symmetry, and the equation has the form $$\frac{y^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}^2}+\frac{z^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="H"\; filenames="00000013.png,00000014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">H</figure-callout>}}^2}=\mathrm{one}$$

. In the calculations, it was assumed that H = 187 mm, H ₁ = 150 mm, h ₂ = 25 mm, α ₁ = 65 angular degrees, α ₂ = 60 angular degrees, b = N, the wave resistance of the feeders ρ = 50 Ohm.

The calculation results shown in Fig 5 ÷ 8, allow to draw the following conclusions.

In the long-wavelength subband of the patented antenna when it is in the receiving mode for which the admissible VSWR level is VSWR ≤ 4, λ _max = 2.4 m, which corresponds to H / λ _max = 0.08, and in the transmitting mode for which it is permissible the level of VSWR is VSWR≤2, λ _max 1.2 m, which corresponds to N / λ _max = 0.16 (for the prototype N / λ _max = 0.37). In the short-wave subband at λ _max2 = 0.25 m, which corresponds to N / λ _max2 = 0.75, the permissible level of VSWR of the antenna is provided both in the transmitting and in the receiving mode.

The DN has a satisfactory appearance both in the long-wave subband and in the short-wave subband. Inadmissible ruggedness of the pattern does not occur in the long-wave subband at λ _min1 = 0.5 m, which corresponds to H / λ _min1 = 0.4, and in the short-wave subband at λ _min2 = 0.17 m, which corresponds to H / λ _min2 = 1, one.

It was experimentally confirmed that the laying of the second coaxial feeder 9 through a shielded volume limited by the surface of the metal liner 3 and the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone 2 from its top, through the holes in the base hollow metal cone 2 and in the metal liner 3 and through the output metal shunt 7 eliminates the effect of coaxial feeder 9 on the operation of the antenna.

Thus, by calculation and experimentally, the feasibility of the technical result claimed for the patented invention was confirmed.

Claims (19)

1. A compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator containing a base hollow metal cone with a height H and an apex angle of α ₁ , mounted above a flat conductive pad and facing with its vertex, a metal insert and a base coaxial feeder, the central conductor of which is connected to the top of the base hollow metal cone, and the outer conductor to a flat conductive area, characterized in that the axis of the base hollow metal cone is set perpendicular to the flat conductive area A metal insert is installed inside and back to back with the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone in the form of a flat metal insert, the metal insert being installed at a height H ₁ above the plane of the flat conductive pad and parallel to it, the metal insert is electrically connected along its perimeter with the inner surface of the base hollow a metal cone, lower metal shunts are installed perpendicular to the flat conductive pad electrically connecting the base hollow metal nical cone with a flat conductive pad, establish a second hollow metal cone with a height of h ₂ and with an apex angle α ₂ above the metal insert coaxially with the base hollow metal cone so that the second hollow metal cone faces the metal insert with its apex and the condition h ₂ + H ₁ ≤H, mounted perpendicularly to the metal liner upper metal shunts electrically connecting the second metallic hollow cone with a metal liner, the second coaxial feeder subkey dissolved center conductor to the top of the second hollow metal cone and an outer conductor to a metal liner, mounted perpendicular to the flat conductive ground outputting metallic shunt electrically connecting the base hollow metal cone with the flat conductive pad is used outputting metallic shunt in the form of a hollow tube of length L <H ₁ , holes are made along the axis of the output metal shunt in the base hollow metal cone and in a flat conductive area, the second coaxial feeder is output from a compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator beyond the limits of a flat conductive pad through an area bounded by the surface of the metal liner and the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone from its apex side, through an opening in the base hollow metal cone, through the output metal shunt and through the hole in the flat conductive pad, use a basic hollow metal cone, which is symmetrical about a plane of symmetry extending perpendicularly the plane of the flat conductive pad through the axis of the base hollow metal cone, the outer part from the side of its base has been eliminated, and the outline of its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive pad is a figure with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D = 2Htgα ₁ and a transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, - d, use a metal liner, the outer part of which is eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry, and the contour of its projection onto the plane of a flat conductive pad is T shape with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ and a transverse dimension perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, - d _1, wherein in a region in which the side surface of the hollow metal cone is not resolved, the metal insert is a circle with a diameter of D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ , a second hollow metal cone is used, in which a part from the side of its base is eliminated symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry and the contour of its projection onto the plane of a flat conductive pad represents a figure with the actual dimension in the plane of symmetry is D ₂ = 2h ₂ tan α ₂ and the transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry is d ₂ . 2. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the height H of the base hollow metal cone is selected from the condition H / λ _max ≥0.08, where λ _max is the maximum wavelength of the operating wavelength range. 3. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum wavelength of the long-wavelength subband of the operating wavelength range λ _min1 , the maximum wavelength of the short-wavelength subrange of the operational wavelength range λ _max2 , the minimum wavelength of the short-wavelength subband operational wavelength λ _{min2 is} selected from conditions N / λ _min1 ≤0.4, N / λ _max2 ≥0.7, N / λ _min2 ≤1.2. 4. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the height H _{1 is} selected from the condition

. 5. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angles α ₁ and α ₂ are selected in the intervals α ₁ = 45 ÷ 65 angular degrees, α ₂ = 45 ÷ 60 angular degrees. 6. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of heights h ₂ and H is selected in the range

. 7. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the size d is selected from the condition

. 8. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the size d _{1 is} selected from the condition

. 9. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the size d _{2 is} selected from the condition

. 10. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that a base hollow metal cone, a metal insert and a second hollow metal cone are used, on which the parts located outside the surface of the forming elliptical cylinder, the axis of which passes through the top, are eliminated base hollow metal cone, perpendicular to its axis and lies in the plane of symmetry, and the equation has the form

where the Z axis coincides with the axis of the base hollow metal cone, and the value of b is determined by the formula

. 11. A compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator containing a base hollow metal cone of height H and with an apex angle of α ₁ , mounted above a flat conductive pad and facing with its vertex, a metal insert and a base coaxial feeder, the central conductor of which is connected to the top of the base hollow metal cone, and the outer conductor to a flat conductive area, characterized in that the axis of the base hollow metal cone is set perpendicular to the flat conductive area In addition, a metal insert is installed inside the base hollow metal cone coaxially with it and end-to-end with its inner surface in the form of a metal cone with a height of h ₁ and with an angle at apex β so that the base of the metal insert is placed at a height of H ₁ above the plane of the flat conductive pad and condition h ₁ + H ₁ ≤H, electrically connect the metal insert along the perimeter of its base with the inner surface of the base hollow metal cone, set perpendicular to the flat conductive area metal shunts that electrically connect the surface of the base hollow metal cone with a flat conductive pad use a base hollow metal cone, which is symmetrical about the plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the base hollow metal cone perpendicular to the plane of the flat conductive pad, the part from its base and the contour are eliminated its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive pad is a shape with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D = 2Htgα ₁ and transverse m in size in a direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, - d, a metallic liner, in which symmetrically to the plane of symmetry removed portion from its base and the contour of its projection onto the plane of the flat conductive pad is a shape with a longitudinal dimension in the plane of symmetry - D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ and the transverse dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane of symmetry is d ₁ , while in the region in which the lateral surface of the base hollow metal cone is not eliminated, the base is metallic of the liner is a circle with a diameter of D ₁ = 2H ₁ tgα ₁ . 12. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the height H of the hollow metal cone is selected from the condition H / λ _max ≥0.08, where λ _max is the maximum wavelength of the operating wavelength range. 13. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the minimum wavelength of the operating wavelength range λmin is selected from the condition H / λ _min ≤0.4. 14. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the height H _{1 is} selected from the condition

. 15. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator of claim 11, characterized in that the angles α ₁ and β are selected in the intervals α ₁ = 45 ÷ 65 ang. Degrees, β = 45 ÷ 90 ang. Degrees. 16. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the height h _{1 is} selected from the conditions h ₁ = 0 ÷ 0.5H, H≥h ₁ + H ₁ . 17. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the size d is selected from the condition

. 18. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that the size d _{1 is} selected from the condition

. 19. The compact wide-range conical asymmetric vibrator according to claim 11, characterized in that a base hollow metal cone and a metal insert are used, in which parts located outside the surface of the forming elliptical cylinder, the axis of which passes through the top of the hollow metal cone, are perpendicular its axis lies in the plane of symmetry, and the equation of the forming elliptical cylinder has the form

where the Z axis coincides with the axis of the hollow metal cone 2, and the value of b is determined by the formula

.

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