RU2532931C1 - Complex mineral fertiliser for flax and method of obtaining thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: complex mineral fertiliser for flax includes nitrogen-containing, phosphorus, potassium components, as well as microadditives. A ratio of N:P:K in it is equal 1:(1.25-1.5):(2.0-2.5). As the microadditives taken are boron and zinc or boron and magnesium in accordance with compositions: for long-fibred flax - N- 12-15%; P₂O₅ - 15-20%; K - 25-30%; B - 0.2%; Zn - 0.4%; for seed flax N - 12-15%; P₂O₅ - 15-20%; K - 25-30%; B - 0.2%; MgO - 3-7%. The method of obtaining the complex mineral fertiliser for flax includes mixing the phosphorus, nitrogen-containing and potassium components, introduction of the microadditives, granulation of the mixture and drying of the final product. As the nitrogen-containing component taken is ammonia, or ammonia and ammonia nitrate, or ammonia and carbamide; phosphoric acid is neutralised with ammonia with obtaining a phosphate pulp, and the microadditives are introduced either into phosphoric acid, or into the phosphate pulp.

EFFECT: increased yield of both long-fibred flax and seed-flax.

8 cl, 10 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of mineral fertilizers, in particular complex mineral fertilizers for flax (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers with trace elements).

The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that the yield of flax (both flax and oil flax) depends on soil fertility, the content of accessible forms of nutrients, which is explained by the relatively shallow location of the roots in the arable layer, poor ability to assimilate hard-to-reach compounds from the soil, and also a relatively short time during which plants absorb the bulk of the nutrients. Flax productivity is influenced not only by the content of the main components, but also by the necessary microadditives. So, in the flax-growing zone of the Russian Federation, 60 to 90% of arable land needs to use such fertilizers. The situation with the provision of soils with microelements has been aggravated in the last decade due to the small amount of application of the main sources of replenishment of their soil reserves - organic fertilizers.

Fertilizers are known that can be used under flax containing boron as a microadditive. According to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 893982, class. C05D 9/02, publ. 1981, receive boron-based fertilizers based on simple or double superphosphates and nitrophosphates.

A complex granular fertilizer of prolonged action with microelements and a method for its preparation are known. The claimed fertilizer is based on a dry mixture of phosphate rock, carbamide and potassium chloride. The fertilizer contains 6.0-18.0% nitrogen, 8.0-14.0% phosphorus, 6.5-12.0% potassium, as well as cobalt, copper, nickel, zinc, chromium. However, a large set of trace elements limits the use of this fertilizer due to their high content in the soil (above the MPC) (RF Patent No. 2193546, class C05B 17/00, published on November 24, 2000).

Known complex granular fertilizer, which can also be produced in the form of a suspension, described in international application WO 01/030724 A1, publ. In 2001, class C05G 3/00 and including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a wide range of trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum), the joint presence of which is not always advisable and does not increase the yield of flax.

Comprehensive fertilizer for flax is known, described in the EAPO patent No. 007603, class. C05G 1/06, C05G 3/00, publ. in 2006, containing 5% nitrogen, 16% phosphorus and 35% potassium, as well as 0.17% boron, 0.3% zinc and 0.2% iron. The disadvantages of this fertilizer are the low nitrogen content, as well as the wide ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus (1: 3.2), which leads to inefficient use of phosphorus in soils with a high content of phosphorus, prevailing in the flax-growing farms of the North and North-West part of the Non-chernozem zone.

Closest to the described is a complex mineral fertilizer for flax flax, protected by RF patent No. 2469012, class. C05D 9/02, publ. December 10, 2012. This fertilizer includes a nitrogen-containing, phosphorus and potassium component, as well as microadditives - boron or boron and zinc, as well as sulfur in an amount of 1.5%. The ratio of N: P: K in this fertilizer is 1: 2.4: 5.3, and boron and zinc in accordance with the compositions: 7% N, 17% P ₂ O ₅ , 37% K ₂ O, 0.2% B and 7% N; 17% P ₂ O ₅ , 37% K ₂ O, 0.2% B and 0.4% Zn.

However, due to the unbalanced ratio of the components, this fertilizer does not allow to achieve a sufficiently high increase in the yield of flax flax, and when it is used for flax, there is no oil yield increase, therefore it was used only for flax flax. Of great importance for obtaining balanced fertilizer is the method of its production.

There are various methods for producing phosphate fertilizers containing microadditives.

In the copyright certificate No. 1281557, cl. C05D 9/02, publ. 01/07/1987, a method for producing fertilizers is described in which borate ore of a fraction of 1.5 mm is introduced into the pulp of a nitroammophoska. The degree of leaching of boron in 8.5 hours is 40.5%. When using other boron-containing components, the leaching of boron increases to 90%.

However, most methods of producing complex nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers with microadditives, such as boron, zinc, iron and others, are obtained by mixing.

So, for example, in the EAPO patent No. 007603 in the examples it is indicated that the necessary additives — boron, zinc, iron, sulfur, and others — are introduced into the finished complex nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer. A similar method was obtained and complex fertilizer according to patent No. 2469012, taken by us as a prototype. The patent does not indicate the method of its preparation, however, as indicated in the description, the ratio is determined by calculation, which indicates that the fertilizer is obtained by mixing.

The disadvantage of all known solutions is the lack of fertilizer efficiency.

The objective of the invention was the development of a new complex fertilizer and method for its production, which allows to increase the yield of both flax and oil flax.

The problem is solved in that the developed complex mineral fertilizer, including nitrogen-containing, phosphorus and potassium components, as well as microadditives, has an N: P: K ratio of 1: (1.25-1.5) :( 2-2.5 ), and as microadditives, boron and zinc or boron and magnesium are used in accordance with the compositions: for flax flax N - 12-15%, P ₂ O ₅ - 15-20%, K - 25-30%, B - 0 , 2% and Zn - 0.4%; for oil flax: N - 12-15%, P ₂ O ₅ - 15-20%, K - 25-30%, B - 0.2% and MgO - 3-7%.

A method of obtaining the proposed fertilizer, including mixing phosphorus, nitrogen-containing and potassium components, the introduction of microadditives, granulating the mixture and drying the finished product, characterized in that it can be carried out in several ways. Ammonia or ammonia and ammonium nitrate, or ammonia and urea can be taken as the nitrogen-containing component. Phosphoric acid is neutralized with ammonia to produce a phosphate pulp, and microadditives are added either to phosphoric acid or to phosphate pulp. When using ammonia as a nitrogen-containing component, a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acids taken in a ratio of 1: 1.2 is fed to neutralization and neutralization is carried out to a molar ratio of NH ₃ to H ₃ PO ₄ (m.o.) equal to 1.7-1 , 73.

When ammonia and ammonium nitrate are used as the nitrogen-containing component, phosphoric acid is neutralized with ammonia to a molecular weight of 1.0-1.13, and ammonium nitrate is introduced into the granulation step together with retur and potassium chloride.

When ammonia and urea are used as the nitrogen-containing component, the latter is introduced at the granulation stage in a dry form, or in the form of a melt in an amount providing 70% nitrogen in the amide form in the finished product.

As a microadditive, a boron-containing additive is used, either boric acid or borosol concentrates are taken and introduced either into acid or into phosphate pulp at pH = 1.8-2.2.

As a microadditive, a zinc-containing additive is used, for which zinc sulfate is taken, as well as zinc wastes containing zinc in the form of oxide and dissolve it either in phosphoric acid, at a concentration of 35-40% at a temperature of 40-50 ° C, or injected into phosphate pulp .

As a microadditive, a magnesium-containing additive is used, for which either magnesite powder or brucite is taken.

The invention consists in the following.

The optimal ratio of nutrients in the proposed fertilizer for flax was established by the method of compensating for their removal by the crop, taking into account the current agrochemical condition of the soil and the need to ensure high payback.

In accordance with this, the most appropriate N: P: K ratio was found to be 1: (1.25-1.5) :( 2-2.5), on the basis of which formulations for complex fertilizers for flax were developed in which the content of N is 12-15%, P ₂ O ₅ is 15-20%, K is 25-30%.

The quantitative content in the fertilizer of these elements is explained by the following.

Deficiency and excess nitrogen are harmful to flax. Before the Christmas tree phase, flax grows slowly and it is undesirable from the beginning of the growing season to create abundant nitrogen nutrition in order to avoid excessive growth of the leaf apparatus, decrease in lodging resistance and deterioration of fiber quality. However, under conditions of low fertilizer of the flax precursor and in fields with a lowered relief during the cold rainy spring, a weak development of flax plants is observed from the moment of germination (thin stems, small pale green leaves pressed against the stem). If such flax is not fed with nitrogen, it will have a plant height of not more than 40-50 cm for harvesting, based on this and taking into account specific conditions, the nitrogen content in fertilizers is 12-15%.

The need for phosphorus nutrition in flax is sharply expressed from the first days of its life, and the intake of phosphorus in flax plants plays an important role throughout the growing season. Phosphorus accelerates the growth and development of flax, shortens its growing season, and increases seed yield. The amount of phosphorus in the fertilizer depends on the type of flax. So, for flax flax it is higher than for oil flax. Given the above, it was found that the optimal phosphorus content in the fertilizer is 15-20%.

Potassium, like phosphorus, is necessary for flax from the first days of its growth, but most of all, during the period from budding to flowering and during the formation of seeds. A high concentration of potassium when sown in arid conditions leads to thinning of the stem. Therefore, potassium-containing fertilizer should have a prolonged property throughout the growing season and not create excessive concentration. Agrochemical tests of the samples showed that the potassium content in the formulations should be maintained at 25-30%.

Flax, like any dicotyledonous plant, is very demanding on the availability of available boron in the soil. It enters flax plants throughout the growing season. A well-defined maximum of the average daily intake of boron in flax plants is observed from the beginning of rapid growth to budding. With a deficiency of boron, flax is affected by bacteriosis, the visual signs of which are found in different periods of vegetation: from seedlings to flax flowering. Therefore, boron must be in the soil before the start of germination of flax and its dose should not exceed the amount indicated in the formulations.

Visual signs of zinc deficiency in flax begin to appear in the herringbone phase. The death of the growth point in flax with zinc deficiency at the very beginning of the transition to rapid growth is determined by the extremely important value of this microelement in the formation of tryptophan, the precursor of indolylacetic acid (a natural growth regulator).

Flax refers to crops that require a sufficient supply of soil with magnesium. The lack of magnesium in mineral nutrition limits not only the possibility of obtaining a high yield, but reduces the quality of the products obtained, does not ensure the effective use of other chemicals, including NPK fertilizers. The use of magnesium protects the seedlings of flax from anthracnose, increases the drought tolerance of plants, and increases the yield and yield of fiber and seeds.

The selected conditions for carrying out variants of the method are explained as follows.

In the case when ammonia is used as the nitrogen-containing component, a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acid is fed to neutralize them at a ratio of 1: 1.2, and neutralization is carried out to mo. 1.7: 1.73. And the selected ratio of acids and m.o. due to the fact that it is necessary to obtain a certain amount of ammonium sulfate in the pulp in order to increase the ammonia form of nitrogen in the finished product, because ammonium forms of nitrogen enhance recovery processes in plants. As a result, the structure of fiber bundles and elementary fibers is improved, and the yield and quality of the fiber are increased.

But high-quality fiber is formed when a uniform supply of nitrogen to flax plants is ensured. Therefore, it is advisable to have nitrogen in various forms in order to ensure its uniform supply at different phases of plant development. For various types of soils, it is advisable to introduce part of the nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate, which is added to the acidic phosphate pulp at the granulation stage. Such a pulp is obtained by neutralizing phosphoric acid with ammonia to mo.o. 1.0-1.13. Depending on the condition of the soil, it is advisable to introduce most of the nitrogen in the form of urea, because in this case, carbohydrate metabolism is directed to the formation of more complex sugars to a greater extent than with the introduction of ammonium nitrate, which favorably affects the formation of fibrous substances in the stems of flax.

The conditions for the introduction of microadditives - boron, zinc and magnesium in fertilizer formulations are due to the need to obtain them in an aqueous and digestible form.

It was found that the introduction of boric acid in amounts determined by the formulation does not significantly affect the rheological properties of phosphate pulp. Boric acid can dissolve in the solution of EPA with stirring for 20-30 minutes. In this case, its physical dissolution in phosphoric acid occurs (for working concentrations). As shown by x-ray phase studies, boron in the finished product is contained in the form of boric acid.

The possibility of using boron salt concentrates obtained by enriching borate ores of the Indersky deposit or borodnatolite concentrate by introducing them into acid or phosphate pulp with a pH of 1.8-2.2 has been proved.

As zinc-containing raw materials, zinc sulfate is used. In addition, it is also possible to use some zinc wastes containing zinc in the form of oxide.

A zinc solution is prepared by dissolving the desired amount of zinc raw material in phosphoric acid with a concentration of 35-40 ° C. Under these conditions, physical dissolution of zinc sulfate occurs.

1) H ₃ PO ₄ + ZnSO ₄ + NH ₃ → ZnSO ₄ + NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄

2) ZnSO ₄ + NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ → ZnNH ₄ PO ₄ + H ₂ O

3) 3H ₃ PO ₄ + ZnSO ₄ + 2NH ₃ → Zn (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₂ + NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ + NH ₄ HSO ₄

Zinc-containing raw materials can also be introduced into phosphate pulp. This causes a uniform distribution of zinc in the pulp and in the finished product. Zinc in the finished product is contained in an assimilable form.

The method can be carried out on technological equipment used in the production of complex-mixed fertilizers using an ammonizer granulator and a drying drum. Fertilizer samples were prepared using technology for this scheme.

The implementation of the method of producing complex fertilizers consists in the stage of neutralizing phosphoric acid or a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, taken in certain proportions, with ammonia to the desired molar ratio (1.0-1.1 or 1.7-1.73), depending on the brand of fertilizers (or depending on the given ratio of different forms of nitrogen in the product). The resulting phosphate pulp from the neutralizer is fed to the granulation stage in an ammonizer granulator, where ammonium nitrate or urea is simultaneously fed, depending on the grade of fertilizer received, and potassium chloride. Trace elements (boron, zinc and magnesium) are introduced either into phosphoric acid or into partially neutralized phosphate pulp. The fertilizer granules obtained in the ammonizer granulator are dried in a tumble dryer. The main process indicators are given in the following tables (tables 1, 2, 3, 4).

The effectiveness of three new brands of complex fertilizer was studied.

1. Brand 1:

N - 12%, P ₂ O ₅ - 15%, K ₂ O - 25%, B - 0.2%, Zn - 0.4% (total 52.6 kg a.a.) N: P ratio: K - 1: 1.3: 2.

2. Brand 2:

N - 12%, P ₂ O ₅ - 15%, K ₂ O - 25%, B - 0.2%, MgO - 3% (total 55.2 kg ai) N: P: K ratio 1: 1.3: 2.

3. Brand 3:

N - 13%, P ₂ O ₅ - 19%, K ₂ O - 26%, B - 0.2%, MgO - 3% (total 61.2 kg a.e.) Ratio N: P: K - 1: 1.5: 2.

Azofoska was used as a control: N - 16%, P ₂ O ₅ - 16%, K ₂ O - 16% (total 48 kg ai). The ratio of N: P: K is 1: 1: 1.

The data are shown in Tables 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.

Analysis of the above materials shows that the technical result, i.e. the solution of the problem is achieved thanks to the combination of the above features of the invention.

The yield of flax flax in the same conditions and on the same soil increased several times, the yield increase for flax straw was 10.3 c / ha (prototype - 2.4 c / ha); for flax fiber - 7.2 c / ha (prototype - 1.3 c / ha); for seeds - 1.7-1.9 c / ha (prototype - 0.7-0.8 c / ha).

As for oilseed flax, then, as was indicated, the yield increase when applying the new complex fertilizer for straw amounted to 7.0-9.1 c / ha, for seeds - 2.4-5.2 c / ha, while as when using prototype fertilizer, there is practically no increase in yield.

Table 1 The ratio of N: P: K = 1: 1.25: 2.1 Grades NPK 12: 15: 25: 0.2 V: 0.4Zn per 1 ton of product Coming Kg / t Consumption Kg / t 1. Neutralization of EPA with gaseous ammonia. 1. Phosphate pulp including 760.8 1.1 EPA (54.35% P ₂ O ₅ ), 276.0 1.1 (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 60.7 including H ₃ PO ₄ 207.0 1.2 (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ 209.1 H ₂ O 56.5 1.3 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ 3,1 CaO 2,4 1.4 CaSO ₄ 5.8 SO ₃ 8.1 1.5 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 327.4 F 2.0 1.6 H ₃ BO ₃ 11.5 1.2 Ammonia, 100% 147.7 1.7 ZnO 6.6 m.o. = 1.73 1.8 Water 136.7 1.3 Boric acid 11.5 1.4 Zinc oxide 2. Evaporated moisture 34.2 (36% Zn) 6.6 1.5 Water for dilution Efk 57 1.6 Sulfuric acid (92.5% H ₂ SO ₄ ) 258.3 H ₃ PO ₄ : H ₂ SO ₄ = 1.2 1.7 Reaction water 38 Total 795.1 Total 795.1 including H ₂ O 170.9 2. The mixing of reagents in 2. The NPK Soft Pellets 1170.8 Ag including H ₂ O 140.8 2.1 Phosphate Pulp 760.8 including water 136.7 2.2 potassium chloride; (61% K ₂ O) 410.0 pH = 1.95 Total 1170.8 Total 1170.8 3. Drying granules in SB 3.1 Wet granules 1170.8 3.1 finished product 1035.0 NPK (11.8: 14.5: 24.3: 0.19B: 0.39Zn) 135.8 including H ₂ O 140.8 3.2 Deleted H ₂ O Total 1170.8 Total 1170.8

table 2 The ratio of N: P: K = 1: 1.25: 2.1 NPK brand 12: 15: 25: 0.2 V: 0.4Zn per 1 ton of product Coming Kg / t Consumption Kg / t 1. EFC neutralization 1.Phosphate pulp 389.3 gaseous ammonia. including 1.1 NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 242.9 1.1 EPA (54.35% P ₂ O ₅ ), 276.0 1.2 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ 3.12 Including H ₃ PO ₄ 207.0 1.3 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 7.7 H ₂ O 56.5 1.4 CaSO ₄ 5.82 CaO 2,4 1.5 Water 129.7 SO ₃ 8.1 F 2.0 2. Evaporated moisture 22.8 1.2 Ammonia, 100% 40.8 m.o. = 1.13 1.3 Water for dilution 57.0 Efk 1.4 Reaction water 38.5 Total 412.3 Total 412.3 including H ₂ O 152.0 2. Mixing reagents 2. Wet granules in AG NPK 1127.0 2.1 Phosphate Pulp 389.3 2.2 Boric acid 11.5 2.3 Zinc sulfate 11.1 (36% ZnO) 2.4 Ammonium nitrate; 257.1 (34.5% N) 2.5 potassium chloride; 410.0 (61% K ₂ O) 2.6 Inert additive 48.0 (nepheline) Total 1149.6 Total 1127.0 including H ₂ O 133.0 3. Drying the granules in Sat 1127.0 3.1 finished product 1000,0 Wet granules NPK 133.0 3.2 Deleted H ₂ O 127.0 including H ₂ O Total 1127.0 Total 1127.0

Table 3 The ratio of N: P: K = 1: 1.25: 2.1 NPK grade 12: 15: 25: 0.2 V: 3.0 MgO per 1 ton of finished product Coming Kg / t Consumption Kg / t 1. EFC neutralization 1.Phosphate pulp 427.3 gaseous ammonia. 1.1 (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 156.67 1.1 EPA (54.35% P ₂ O ₅ ), 276.0 1.2 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ 3,1 Including H ₃ PO ₄ 207.0 1.3 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 7.7 H ₂ O 69.0 1.4 CaSO ₄ 5.8 CaO 2,4 1.5 H ₃ BO ₃ 11.5 SO ₃ 8.1 1.6 magnesite 34.9 F 2.0 1.7 Water 134.6 1.2 Ammonia, 100%) 38,0 1.8 MgNH ₄ PO ₄ 102.75 m.o. = 1.05 1.9 Impurities 4.9 1.3 Boric acid 11.5 1.4 Magnesite, 86% MgO 34.9 2. Evaporated moisture 33.6 1.5 Water for dilution 62.0 1.6 Reaction water 38,0 Total 460.4 Total 460.4 including H ₂ O 169.0 2. The mixing of reagents in the AG 2. Wet granules NPK 1124.4 2.1 Phosphate Pulp 427.3 m.o. = ?? 2.2 Ammonium nitrate; 257.1 34.5% N 2.3 potassium chloride; 410.0 (61% K ₂ O) 2.4 Inert additive (nepheline) 30,0 Total 1124.4 Total 1124.4 3. Drying granules in SB 3.1 Wet granules 1124.4 3.1 finished product 1000,0 NPK 3.2 Deleted H ₂ O 124,4 including H ₂ O 134.4 Total 1124.4 Total 1124.4

Table 4 The ratio of N: P: K = 1: 1.46: 2.0 Grade NPK 13: 19: 26: 0.2 V: 3.0 MgO per 1 t of product Coming Kg / t Consumption Kg / t 1. EFC neutralization 1.Phosphate pulp 522.4 gaseous ammonia. 1.1 (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ), 223.5 1.1 EPA (54.35% P ₂ O ₅ ), 349.6 1.2 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ 3,7 including P ₂ O ₅ 190.0 1.3 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 7.7 H ₂ O 82.0 1.4 CaSO ₄ 7.3 CaO 3.0 1.2 H ₃ BO ₃ 11.5 SO ₃ 10.1 1.3 Impurities 4.9 F 2,5 1.4 Water 160,0 1.2 Ammonia, 100%) 48.0 1.5 MgNH ₄ PO ₄ 103.5 1.3 Boric acid 11.5 1.4 Magnesite (86% MgO) 34.9 2. Evaporated moisture 40,0 including impurities 4.9 1.5 Reaction water 48.1 1.6 Water for dilution 70.0 Total 562.1 Total 562.1 including H ₂ O 200,1 2. The mixing of reagents in 2. Wet granules Ag NPK 1152.6 2.1 Phosphate Pulp 522.4 2.2 Urea (46% N) 196.0 2.3 Potassium Chloride (61% K ₂ O) 426.2 Total 1152.6 Total 1152.6 including H ₂ O 160,0 3. Drying granules in SB 1000,0 3.1 Wet granules 1152.6 3.1 Finished product * 152.6 NPK, including H ₂ O 160,0 3.2 Deleted H ₂ O Total 1152.6 Total 1152.6 * - N _amide - 70% of the total

Table 5 The effect of fertilizers on the growth dynamics of long flax cultivar Diplomat in height, cm Option Date of measurement and phase of development 06.06 "herringbone" 06.06 n.a. 06/27 fast growth 4.07 bud. 10.07 flowering 07/18 milk. ripeness 1. Without fertilizer 5.5 14.9 34.1 56.7 69.0 69.1 2. Azofoska 6.6 19.3 36,4 60.3 71.3 71.1 3. Brand 1 7.1 18.7 40.8 60.9 76.8 77.5 4. Brand 2 7.6 19,4 39.5 60.9 73,2 74,4 5. Brand 3 7.5 19,4 40.8 62,4 71.8 73.7 6. Brand 2 in a row 6.3 14.7 33.6 56.0 68,2 69.9 7. Brand 3 in a row 6.5 15.8 35,2 57.4 69.6 70.0

                                                           Table 6 The total mass, yield of straw and seeds of flax flax when using different grades and methods of applying mineral fertilizers, t / ha Option total weight Productivity flax straw flaxseed 1. Without fertilizer 65.1 46.3 8.5 2. Azofoska 79.9 * 52.6 * 9.6 * 3. Brand 1 98.9 ** 62.9 ** 10.2 * 4. Brand 2 91.6 ** 62.8 ** 10.4 * 5. Brand 3 89.7 ** 55.8 * 9.8 * 6. Brand 2 in a row 75.7 * 48.5 8.9 7. Brand 3 in a row 78.8 * 50,4 8.9 NDS ₀₅ , Ts / ha 9.7 6.1 1,0 * - reliably in relation to control without fertilizers ** - reliably to the use case of azofoska

Table 7 Qualitative indicators of flax seeds obtained after application of fertilizers Option Weight 1000 pcs., G Energy% Germination,% 1. Without fertilizer 5.43 97 98 2. Azofoska 5.53 97 98 3. Brand 1 5.56 99 one hundred 4. Brand 2 5.73 one hundred one hundred 5. Brand 3 5.67 one hundred one hundred 6. Brand 2 in a row 5.52 99 99 7. Brand 3 in a row 5.48 99 one hundred

Table 8
The fiber content and its yield, depending on the different forms and methods of applying complex fertilizers Option Flax fiber content Fiber yield % +/- to 1 option.,% +/- to 2 options.,% c / ha +/- to 1 option.,% +/- to 2
option.% 1. Without fertilizer 33,2 - - 15.4 - - 2. Azofoska 34.0 0.8 - 17.9 2,5 - 3. Brand 1 35.9 ** 2.7 1.9 22.6 7.2 4.7 4. Brand 2 36.1 ** 2.9 2.1 22.7 7.3 4.8 5. Brand 3 34.9 * 1.7 0.9 19.5 4.1 1,6 6. Brand 2 in a row 34.5 * 1.3 0.5 16.7 1.3 1,2 7. Brand 3 in a row 33.0 0 -0.8 16.6 1,2 -1.3 NDS ₀₅ 1.3 * - reliable in relation to control without fertilizer ** - reliably to the use case of azofoska

Table 9 Qualitative indicators of oil flax seeds obtained after application of fertilizers Option Weight 1000 pcs., G Energy% Germination,% 1. Without fertilizer 5.62 90 92 2. Azofoska 5.67 87 87 3. Brand 1 5.77 93 94 4. Brand 2 5.77 93 94 5. Brand 3 5.67 93 94 6. Brand 2 in a row 5.59 95 96 7. Brand 3 in a row 5.61 90 91

Table 10
Morphological indicators of flax varieties of oilseed LM 98 depending on the brand and method of fertilizer application Option Total height cm Technical length, cm Number of boxes Stem diameter, mm 1. Without fertilizer 50.8 43.0 6.6 1.26 2. Azofoska 59.9 50.9 * 8.1 * 1.52 * 3. Brand 1 59.7 51.4 * 8.3 * 1.46 * 4. Brand 2 61.1 51.9 * 10.3 ** 1.55 * 5. Brand 3 60.7 51.9 * 1.51 * 6. Brand 2 in a row 56.8 47.9 * 8.0 * 1.37 7. Brand 3 in a row 57.2 48.1 * 8.5 * 1.40 * NDS ₀₅ Ff <Ftab. 4.9 0.8 0.14 * - reliably in relation to control without fertilizers ** - reliably to the use case of azofoska

Claims (8)

1. Complex mineral fertilizer for flax, including nitrogen-containing, phosphorus, potassium components, as well as microadditives, characterized in that the ratio of N: P: K in it is 1: (1.25-1.5) :( 2.0- 2.5) boron and zinc or boron and magnesium are taken as microadditives in accordance with the compositions: for flax flax - N - 12-15%; P ₂ O ₅ - 15-20%; K - 25-30%; B - 0.2%; Zn - 0.4%; for oil flax N - 12-15%; P ₂ O ₅ - 15-20%; K - 25-30%; B - 0.2%; MgO - 3-7%. 2. The method of obtaining complex mineral fertilizers for flax according to claim 1, including mixing phosphorus, nitrogen-containing and potassium components, introducing microadditives, granulating the mixture and drying the finished product, characterized in that ammonia or ammonia and ammonium nitrate are taken as the nitrogen-containing component, or ammonia and urea, phosphoric acid is neutralized with ammonia to produce phosphate pulp, and microadditives are introduced either into phosphoric acid or into phosphate pulp. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that when using ammonia as a nitrogen-containing component, a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acids taken in a ratio of 1: 1.2 is fed to neutralization and neutralization is carried out to a molar ratio of NH ₃ to H ₃ PO ₄ , equal to 1.7-1.73. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that when using ammonia and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen-containing component, phosphoric acid is neutralized with ammonia to a molar ratio of NH ₃ to H ₃ PO ₄ equal to 1.0-1.13, and ammonium nitrate introduced to the granulation stage along with retur and potassium chloride. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that when ammonia and urea are used as the nitrogen-containing component, the latter is introduced into the granulation stage in dry form or in the form of a melt in an amount providing 70% nitrogen in the amide form in the finished product. 6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a boron-containing additive is used as a microadditive, either boric acid or borosol concentrates are taken and they are introduced into acid or phosphate pulp at pH = 1.8-2.2. 7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that as a microadditive use a zinc-containing additive, which take zinc sulfate, as well as zinc waste containing zinc in the form of oxide. 8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that magnesium containing is used as a microadditive, for which either magnesite powder or brucite is taken.