RU2532460C1 - Pusher of internal combustion engine valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in valve mechanisms of internal combustion engines. A pusher of a valve in an internal combustion engine comprises a body (1) with a cylindrical guide surface, a wear resistant pad (2), located in the base of the body (1), and a cap (3), which is inside the body (1) and may move relative to the body (1). Between the wear-resistant pad (2) and the cap (3) there is a bushing (4). The bushing (4) is made of material with shape memory effect.

EFFECT: compensation of a gap in a valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine building, and in particular to valve mechanisms of internal combustion engines.

Known valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine [1], consisting of a valve and valve actuator parts, in which the valve is installed with a large gap between the end surface of the valve stem and the cam. The gap serves to compensate for the thermal elongation of the valve stem during engine operation. The disadvantage of this design is the presence of a gap, which leads to a violation of the valve timing, noise, shock loads in the mechanism and an increase in the toxicity of exhaust gases during warming up of a cold engine after starting.

Known devices for compensating for gaps in the valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine [2, 3, 4], which use a hydraulic pusher. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the device of the hydraulic pusher, consisting of a large number of parts and filled with oil.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a valve pusher of an internal combustion engine [5], comprising a body made in the form of a glass with a cylindrical guide surface, a wear-resistant surfacing located at the base of the pusher, and a cap, the inner surface of which interacts with valve actuator elements .

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to compensate for the gap in the valve mechanism.

The purpose of the invention is the compensation of the gap in the valve mechanism of the internal combustion engine.

This goal is achieved by installing in the housing of the pusher sleeve, made of a material having the shape memory effect.

New in the pusher device is the installation of a sleeve in the pusher body made of a material having a shape memory effect, which provides compensation for the gap in the valve mechanism of the internal combustion engine.

Figure 1 presents the valve pusher during the start-up and warm-up period of a cold engine; figure 2 presents the valve pusher during engine operation; figure 3 presents the design of the sleeve made of a material having a shape memory effect (type A of figure 1).

The valve pusher of the internal combustion engine consists of a housing 1 with a cylindrical guide surface, wear-resistant surfacing 2 located at the base of the pusher body, a cap 3 located inside the housing 1 and having the ability to move relative to the housing 1, and a sleeve 4 made of a material having a memory effect forms. The sleeve 4 is installed between the wear-resistant surfacing and the cap. In its lower part, the sleeve 4 is made split, consisting, for example, of four petals 5. When the martensitic transformation of the petals 5 are bent, changing the height of the sleeve 4.

When starting and warming up a cold engine, a sleeve 4 made of a material having a shape memory effect ensures that the end surface of the valve stem adheres to the cam without a gap. When the engine is running, the valve and pusher are heated, the length of the valve stem increases, and the height of the sleeve 4, made of a material having a shape memory effect, decreases and ensures that the end surface of the valve stem adheres to the cam without a gap.

The pusher valve of the internal combustion engine operates as follows. When starting and warming up a cold engine, figure 1, the sleeve 4 has a height that ensures the fit of the end surface of the valve stem to the cam without a gap. After warming up the engine, the martensitic transformation [6] occurs in the material of the sleeve 4, the petals 5 are bent and the sleeve 4 changes its height, occupying the working position shown in FIG. 2. The height of the sleeve 4 decreases, and the length of the valve stem increases, which ensures that on the hot engine the end face of the valve stem adheres to the cam without a gap.

When the engine is stopped and cooled, the material of the sleeve 4 is cooled and reverse martensitic transformation occurs in it [6], as a result of which the sleeve 4 assumes the original height.

If the start is carried out on a hot engine, the material of the pusher sleeve 4 has a temperature equal to the temperature of the valve stem, the sleeve 4 has a height corresponding to the operating position, ensuring that the end surface of the valve stem adheres to the cam without a gap on the hot engine.

Using the proposed technical solution provides compensation for the gap in the valve mechanism of the internal combustion engine.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Internal combustion engines: Design and strength analysis of piston and combined engines. A textbook for university students studying in the specialty "Internal Combustion Engines" / D.N. Vyrubov, S.I. Efimov, N.A. Ivashchenko and others; Ed. A.S. Orlina, M.G. Kruglov. - 4th ed. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1984. - 384 p.

2. RF patent No. 2147070 C1 publ. 03/27/2000 “Hydraulic pusher for gas distribution valve of an internal combustion engine”.

3. RF patent No. 2234611 C2 publ. 08/20/2004 "The hydraulic pusher."

4. RF patent No. 2153587 C1 publ. 07.27.2000 “Hydraulic device for compensating gaps in the valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine”.

5. RF patent No. 2179249 C2 publ. 02/10/2002 "Pusher valve of an internal combustion engine and a method for its manufacture."

6. Application of the shape memory effect in modern engineering. / A.S. Tikhonov, A.P. Gerasimov, I.I. Prokhorova - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1981, - 80 p.

Claims (1)

A valve pusher of an internal combustion engine, consisting of a housing with a cylindrical guide surface, wear-resistant surfacing located at the base of the housing, a cap located inside the housing and having the ability to move relative to the housing, characterized in that a sleeve made of material is installed between the wear-resistant surfacing and the cap, having a shape memory effect.

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