RU2528456C1 - Hammer crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: hammer crusher comprises a grinding chamber (1). A vertical rotor (2) with working members (3) is set inside the chamber with an annular gap. A vertical cylindrical screen (4) is set on a base installed on a movable frame (5). The frame is mounted on the guides driven by pneumatic actuators (7) and can move vertically. The frame is made as a base where clamps of the guides and supporting spring elements turned to the screen base are installed. The pneumatic actuators are set outside the chamber on its top end face surface. The rods of the pneumatic actuators are connected to the frame by a hinge joint.

EFFECT: improved operational parameters and reliability of crusher performance.

3 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding bulk materials, in particular to hammer crushers with a rotor with a vertically oriented axis of rotation, and can be used in agricultural, animal feed, chemical, construction, mining and other industries.

Known hammer mill with a vertical rotor for grinding (EA patent No. 002949 B1, IPC B02C 13/14, B02C 13/284, published 12/26/2002), containing a movable body in the form of a cone, in which a rotor is vertically installed, equipped with percussion elements arranged in groups , engine, sieve, made with the possibility of non-rigid connection with the cone and the possibility of joint movement in the vertical direction.

The disadvantages of this solution are the increased vertical size of the crusher needed to move the cone, as well as the inability to visually control the tightness of the sieve to the upper base plate when it is lifted together with the cone.

Closest to the proposed invention in technical essence is a hammer mill (patent WO 2008/135267 A1, IPC B02C 13/18, B02C 13/284, B02C 13/286, published November 13, 2008), containing a crushing mill with a lower conical part, a rotor located in it with an annular gap with a vertically oriented axis of rotation with working elements fixed on it, a cylindrical vertically oriented sieve placed on a frame mounted on a movable frame mounted with the possibility of movement in a vertical direction and guide driven by pneumatic cylinders disposed at the bottom of the crusher.

The main disadvantage of this design is that in working condition the rods of the pneumatic cylinders are extended and located inside the grinding chamber, which is why they are subject to wear and direct influence of grinding products, reducing the operability of the system as a whole. In addition, the guides along which the frame slides are also located inside the grinding chamber and are subject to the same negative effects as the pneumatic cylinder rods - wear, corrosion and chemical reactions from the crushed products.

The objective of the invention is to increase the performance and reliability of the crusher.

The task is achieved due to the fact that in a hammer mill containing a crushing grinding chamber, a rotor with a vertically oriented axis of rotation with working elements mounted on it with an annular gap, a cylindrical vertically oriented sieve placed on a frame mounted on a movable frame, mounted on rails driven by pneumatic cylinders with the ability to move in the vertical direction, pneumatic cylinders are located outside the chamber on its upper end turn In particular, the pneumatic cylinder rods are connected to the frame by means of a swivel joint, and the frame is made in the form of a frame, in which rail clamps and retaining spring elements are turned facing the screen frame.

The rotor of the hammer mill can be made of two disks and working elements located between them, fixed on the axles and equipped with clamps installed in the grooves on the lower rotor disk with the possibility of radial displacement and fixed from spontaneous displacement in the grooves by means of a screw connection, and the groove with the latch installed in it, it is closed by an overlay.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a General view of the crusher with a sieve in the lower position,

figure 2 is a section aa of the crusher of figure 1,

figure 3 is a General view of the crusher with a sieve in the upper position,

figure 4 is a section bB crusher with figure 1,

figure 5 - movable frame,

figure 6 - rotor (bottom view),

Fig.7 is a section bb of the rotor of Fig.6,

on Fig - section GG rotor of Fig.6,

figure 9 - rotor,

figure 10 is the open position of the latch axis of the working elements.

The crusher (1, 2) contains a grinding chamber 1 with a lower conical part, a rotor 2 with a vertically oriented axis of rotation located on it with an annular gap, on which the working elements 3 are fixed, a cylindrical vertically oriented sieve 4 on a frame mounted on a movable frame 5 mounted on two guides 6 with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction, and two pneumatic cylinders 7 (Fig.2, 4).

The movable frame 5 (figure 5) is made in the form of a frame 8, in which there are two clamps 9 of the guides 6 and six retaining spring elements 10 facing the frame of the sieve 4.

The guides 6 are fixed with clamps 9 in the movable frame 5. The rods of the pneumatic cylinders 7 are connected to the frame 5 by means of a swivel joint 11.

The rotor 2 (Fig.6, 7, 8, 9, 10) consists of two disks 12 and working elements 3 located between them, fixed on the axis 13. The axis 13 is protected from falling out by the latch 14. The screw 15 holds the latch 14 in the working position from involuntary displacement. The groove in which the latch 14 is displaced is closed by the lining 16.

Crusher works as follows.

The source material is continuously fed into the crushing chamber 1 through openings in the upper end surface of the chamber 1, in which the process of grinding material under the influence of working elements 3 occurs. Removal of fractions from the working space with a size equal to or smaller than the diameter of the openings of the sieve 4 occurs under the action of centrifugal forces, and from the bottom - under the influence of gravitational forces.

In working condition, the rods of the pneumatic cylinders 7 are retracted and the movable frame 5 with the guides 6 is in the upper position (Fig.3, 4). In this case, the working surfaces of the rods of the pneumatic cylinders 7 and the guides 6 are located outside the crushing chamber 1 and are not subject to wear and tear of the crushed product, and the sieve 4 is uniformly pressed against the upper end surface of the chamber 1 using six independent spring elements 10 mounted on the movable frame 5.

For cleaning and to replace the sieve 4, it is possible to lower it down with the frame 5 so that the rotor 2 and sieve 4 become fully accessible (Fig.1, 2).

When replacing the working elements 3 or axis 13, it must be removed from the rotor 2. For this, it is necessary to partially unscrew the screw 15 and shift the latch 14 in the radial direction to the center of the rotor 2, after which the axis 13 can be freely removed (Figs. 7, 8, 10).

In the working position, the latch 14 is in the closed position and fixed from involuntary displacement by the screw 15. Even in the absence of the screw 15, the latch 14 will be in the closed position under the action of centrifugal force from the rotating rotor 2, which significantly increases the safety of the operation of the crusher (Fig. 7, 8, 10).

In the proposed design of the crusher, the piston rods of the pneumatic cylinders are in working condition outside the grinding chamber and are not subject to wear and direct influence of the grinding products, which helps to increase the operability and reliability of the system as a whole, to increase the service life of the crusher. In addition, the guides along which the frame slides are also located outside the grinding chamber and are not subject to wear, corrosion and chemical reactions from the crushed products, which also helps to increase the operability and reliability of the system as a whole, and increase the life of the crusher. The location of the pneumatic cylinders outside the chamber on its upper end surface simplified access to them, their installation and dismantling.

The supply of axes, on which the working elements are fixed, with latches installed in the grooves on the lower rotor disk with the possibility of radial displacement, and closing the groove with the lining installed in it, simplified the installation and dismantling of the rotor working elements and contributed to the reliability of the operation of the crusher.

Claims (3)

1. A hammer crusher containing a crushing grinding chamber, a rotor with a vertically oriented axis of rotation with working elements mounted on it with an annular gap, a cylindrical vertically oriented sieve placed on a frame mounted on a movable frame mounted on guides driven by pneumatic cylinders with the ability to move in the vertical direction, characterized in that the pneumatic cylinders are located outside the chamber on its upper end surface, the rods are pneumatic cylinder a connected to the frame by means of articulation, and the frame is formed as a frame, wherein the set of guide and retaining clips spring elements facing the sieve frame. 2. Hammer crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is made of two disks and working elements located between them, fixed on axes equipped with clamps installed in grooves on the lower rotor disk with the possibility of displacement in the radial direction, and the groove with installed in it the latch is closed by an overlay. 3. Hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the latch is fixed from spontaneous displacement in the grooves using a screw connection.

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