RU2527541C1 - Device for rotational draw of thin shells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: carrier is locked in mandrel of the machine tool and is fastened to the reducing coupling with a draw ring. Meanwhile the reducing coupling is connected through seats with the mandrel of the machine tool and with the carrier. The rollers of three-roller head are made from the triangular or trapezoidal profile with rounded along the radius tops and are installed with axial and radial offsets among themselves. The device puller is made with slots for rollers passing and the hole for reducing coupling entering and is connected to a demountable holed collar for moving of the puller with a collar along the carrier. Note here that the rollers are made with possibility of output of values of axial and radial forces to the control desk display.

EFFECT: improved precision and quality of the surface processing.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, and in particular to devices for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells of ⌀60-400 mm and a wall thickness of 1-15 mm from carbon and alloy steel and aluminum alloys, for example, devices for the rotational drawing of cylinder bodies, fire extinguishers, receivers , liners, as well as other shells working under pressure.

A design feature of the devices is the presence of a spindle in which the mandrel is mounted, several pressure rollers, which fix the workpiece to the mandrel, the ejector and the CNC control system.

The most important problem in the design of these devices is the reliability of the work, the high strength of structural elements and the accuracy of the manufacture of parts with high rotational drawing forces.

As shown by many years of experience in working with rotary hoods, an urgent problem is also increasing the stability of the rotational hooding process in order to improve the accuracy and quality of surface treatment of parts by reducing tool and tool vibrations, especially eliminating the resonance phenomenon - coincidence of natural and forced oscillation frequencies of parts and assemblies devices and rolled shells.

Known devices for rotational drawing, for example, a device for drawing, described in the book of N. I. Mogilny "Rotational drawing of shell parts on machines". - M .: Engineering, 1983, p. 138, 139, Fig. 8.17, 8.18, p. 157, fig. 10.1 (a, b).

The main disadvantage of these devices is the use of a single roller mounted on a single caliper having transverse and longitudinal movement.

The workpiece is clamped between the mandrel and the clamp and deformed by a pressure roller.

When the workpiece is deformed by one roller, the radial force of the rotational hood causes oscillations of the tools — the roller and the mandrel and the workpiece, which leads to a deterioration in the surface quality of the part and a decrease in the accuracy of the geometric dimensions.

These devices are used for rotational drawing of only thin-walled shells with a wall thickness of 1-2 mm.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result are the devices described in the book by M. A. Gredor "Pressure work and rotational extrusion." - -M.: Engineering, 1971, pp. 192-199, Fig. 109 “a”, “b”, fig. 110, 111, 112.

In fig. 111, 112 p. 196, 197 shows devices with a rigid three-roller head in which three rollers are fixed, the head has the possibility of axial movement, the rollers - radial. An ejector is placed inside the mandrel.

On such devices rotational extraction of shells ⌀ (40-600) mm from billets with a wall thickness of up to 14 mm from steel, a thickness of up to 28 mm from aluminum steels and a length of up to 600-1000 mm is performed.

Radial forces on the roller up to 24 tf.

The main disadvantage of this device is the lack of technical solutions for fixing the tube billet on the mandrel for removing the billet with a puller, and not just an ejector, the lack of a CNC control system and a system for converting the electrical parameters of the engine - spindle drives and feeding rollers to the radial and axial forces on the console display control, as well as in the absence of the possibility of enhancing the removal of workpieces by rollers of the roller head. In addition, the known device did not solve the problem of eliminating the resonance of vibrations of parts and components of the device, rollers and mandrel, and the workpiece. Also, the issues of reducing the oscillations of the rollers, mandrels and workpieces by choosing the optimal design of the rollers, mandrels and clamps have not been resolved.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of rotational drawing of shells with a length of up to 2000 mm or more.

In this technical solution, adopted as a prototype, it is also not reflected in the design of the rollers of the solutions for the possibility of adjusting the axial and radial displacements of the rollers between themselves and the mandrel, as well as the configuration of the profiles of the rollers.

Thus, the objective of this technical solution was to develop the design of a device for rotational drawing of cylindrical shells up to 1000 mm long in a three-roller head in which the rollers are fixed, the head has the possibility of axial movement, the rollers - radial.

Common features with the device proposed by the applicants is the presence of a three-roller head with rollers, mandrel, clamp, ejector and fasteners.

Unlike the prototype, the device proposed by the applicants for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells has an adapter connected by seats to the machine spindle and a mandrel, which is attached to the adapter by a clamping ring, and also a puller, which is made with grooves for passing rollers and an opening for the adapter to enter it and connected to a removable ring with a hole for moving the puller with the ring along the mandrel, and the rollers are made with a triangular or trapezoidal profile with rounded for the mustache by the vertices and are installed with axial and radial displacements between themselves equal to 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer of the workpiece, while the values of the axial and radial forces are displayed on the control panel display.

In special cases, that is, in specific forms of execution, the invention is characterized by the following features:

- the puller and the removable ring are made with holes whose diameters exceed the diameters of the adapter and mandrel, respectively (0.5-1)%;

- in the puller, the grooves are made with a profile in the form of an arc of a circle with a radius greater than the radius of the roller, while the centers of application of the radii are aligned;

- the puller is connected to the removable ring adapter sleeve with a hole equal to the diameter of the hole of the puller;

- the adapter is made with a seat in the form of a cylindrical hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical protrusion of the mandrel;

- the adapter is made with a seat in the form of a conical protrusion with dimensions equal to the dimensions of the conical recess of the mandrel.

It is this that allows us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed technical solution and the achieved technical result.

These signs, distinctive from the prototype and to which the requested amount of legal protection applies, are sufficient in all cases.

The objective of the invention is to develop a device for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells of large length, which allows to increase the stability of the process of rotational drawing, to improve the accuracy and quality of the treated surface by reducing vibrations of the rollers, mandrel, workpiece and other parts and components of the device.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known device, including a three-roller head with rollers, a mandrel, a clamp, an ejector and fasteners, the feature is that it has an adapter connected by seats to the machine spindle and the mandrel, which attached to the adapter by a clamping ring, as well as a puller, which is made with grooves for passing rollers and a hole for the adapter to enter into it and connected to a removable ring with a hole m to move the puller with a ring along the mandrel, and the rollers are made with a triangular or trapezoidal profile with vertices rounded along the radius and installed with axial and radial displacements between themselves equal to 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer of the workpiece, while the axial and radial forces are displayed on the control panel display.

The new set of operations, as well as the presence of relations between them, allow, in particular, due to:

- installation of an adapter connected by seats with a machine spindle and a mandrel, to unify the process of rotational drawing of thin-walled shells of various diameters and lengths, since mandrels of different diameters and lengths with the same length can be installed in an adapter connected by seats with a press-rolling machine spindle and a mandrel a seat, since the mandrel is attached to the adapter with a clamping ring with an inner hole equal to the diameter of the mandrel;

- installation of the puller to ensure the removal of the workpiece from the mandrel by acting on the end face of the workpiece from the outside of the workpiece and, in comparison with internal pushing, increase the removal force and, as a result, expand the technological capabilities of the device;

- execution of the puller with grooves for the passage of the rollers to provide the possibility of a significant increase in the effort of removal of the workpiece, commensurate with the axial force of the rotary hood, since the rollers have the ability to pass through the grooves of the puller in the axial direction and when converging in the radial direction and further moving in the axial direction of the end surfaces act on the end surface of the puller and thereby ensure the removal of the workpiece from the mandrel with maximum effort and, as a result, expand technologically e device capabilities;

- performing a puller with a hole for the adapter to enter into it, reduce the length of the end idle part of the mandrel, since when moving the puller to its original position, the adapter of the end part enters the hole of the puller;

- connection of the puller with a removable ring with a hole for moving the puller with the ring along the mandrel to ensure the passage of the puller with the ring on the outer surface of the mandrel;

- the implementation of the deforming rollers with a triangular or trapezoidal profile to ensure high quality of the machined surface and the accuracy of the geometric shape depending on the strength properties of the material of the workpieces, since when processing workpieces from high-carbon steels and alloy steels, the use of rollers with a triangular profile allows to reduce the deformation forces of for a small area of the deformation zones and, therefore, reduce the fluctuations of the AIDS system (machine-tool-tool- etal), and the processing of blanks of plastic material such as low carbon steel and aluminum alloys, the use of rollers with trapezoidal profile enhances surface quality because of the flat area at the top profile with a transition radius in the front and back surface;

- installation of rollers with axial and radial displacements between themselves equal to 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer, to increase the stability of the deformation process as a result of the fact that when the rollers are displaced, the rollers smoothly enter the workpiece, since the first roller is sequentially introduced, the second and third ones with different degrees of deformation, the final result increases the accuracy and quality of the treated surface, the amplitude and frequency of oscillations decrease, and the probability of resonance of forced and free experimentally, the values of displacements within 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer, determined experimentally, are optimal, since when the value of the axial and radial displacements is less than 0.1 of the depth of the layer, the cleanliness of the treated surface deteriorates, the accuracy of the geometric dimensions decreases, and when the magnitude of the displacements greater than 0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer increases the deformation forces, the stability of the deformation process decreases, there are shortening and corrugations, the reason, according to the applicants, is an increase in the probability of reason CA and the increase in the amplitude and frequency of oscillations of the device, in addition, it should be noted that from the theory of oscillatory processes (V.P. Orekhov’s book “Oscillations and waves”, M .: Education, 1977, p. 41, chapter “Oscillations” ) resonance, or self-oscillations, is called self-excited undamped oscillations in nonlinear autonomous systems with the coincidence of natural and forced oscillations, in the case of rotational drawing of workpieces with three rollers in the deformation zones, three sources of forced oscillations arise, which, with the above conditions coincide with the natural vibrations of the workpiece, mandrel, adapter, puller and clamp, as a result, the amplitude of oscillations of the entire AIDS system increases sharply, which can lead to breakdowns of the device, and also leads to deterioration of the machined surface and a decrease in the accuracy of geometric dimensions, the displacement of the rollers among themselves axial and radial direction allows you to move the deformation centers, that is, sources of forced vibrations, as a result, the amplitude and frequency of the forced vibrations of the device reduces and, when the forced and natural vibrations are added together, the total amplitude and frequency of the oscillations also decreases, the surface finish and processing accuracy increase, and the probability of resonance decreases;

- displaying the values of axial and radial forces on the display of the control panel to regulate the rotational drawing process from the point of view of increasing the stability of the forming process by aligning the forces on the rollers, which is achieved by axial and radial displacements of the rollers between themselves and using rollers of a different profile, in addition, the alignment of radial forces on the rollers reduces the frequency and amplitude of vibrations of the rollers, workpiece, mandrel and other parts of the device, reduces the likelihood of resonance of own and forced oscillations of the entire AIDS system, which increases the surface cleanliness of the machined shells and the accuracy of geometric dimensions, the magnitude of the efforts are displayed on the control panel of the machine by converting the values of the power consumption of the spindle electric drives, rollers and roller heads.

Signs characterizing the invention in specific forms of execution, allow, in particular, due to:

- the execution of the puller and the removable ring with holes whose diameters exceed the diameters of the adapter and the mandrel, respectively (0.5-1)%, to ensure guaranteed clearances and, therefore, the free movement of the puller to its original position and the puller with the ring along the mandrel when removing the workpiece from the mandrel and to avoid jamming of the puller with the ring due to temperature changes, since during the rotational drawing the workpiece mandrel and adapter are heated to high temperatures, the diameter difference in (0.5-1)% is optimal, at If the diameters of the holes are less than 0.5%, jamming of the puller and the ring is possible, and with more than 1%, the vibrations of the puller with the ring and the whole device increase, which reduces the stability of the deformation process, affects the quality of the surface being machined and reduces the accuracy of the geometric dimensions;

- performing grooves in the puller body with a profile in the form of an arc of a circle with a radius exceeding the radius of the roller, when combining the centers of application of the radii, to ensure the free passage of the rollers with a guaranteed clearance through the grooves of the puller for subsequent movement of the rollers in the radial direction and axial movement in the opposite direction, at which end-face rollers act on the puller body and thereby increase the impact of the puller on the processed workpiece, thus removing the workpiece from the mandrel can It can be pushed, puller and combined action of puller and rollers, which expands the technological capabilities of the device;

- connecting the puller to the removable ring with the adapter sleeve with a hole equal to the diameter of the puller hole, increase the working stroke length of the removable ring by the sleeve length, which improves the removal of the processed workpiece from the mandrel, and the presence of a gap between the sleeve and the adapter with the same hole diameter of the sleeve and the puller, the diameter of the hole which is larger than the diameter of the adapter, prevents the transmission of vibrations from the removable ring, sleeve and puller to the adapter, which reduces the frequency and amplitude of the vibrations of the entire device;

- the implementation of the adapter with a seat in the form of a cylindrical hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical protrusion of the mandrel, to ensure reliability and tightness of the connection of the adapter and the mandrel, since their gap-free connection reduces the frequency and amplitude of the device;

- perform adapter with a seat in the form of a conical protrusion with dimensions equal to the dimensions of the conical recess of the mandrel, to ensure the most tight connection between the adapter and the mandrel and reduce the frequency and amplitude of oscillation of the device.

Signs that distinguish the proposed technical solution from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions and are not known from the prior art in the process of conducting patent research, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

Studying the level of technology during the patent search for all types of information available in the countries of the former USSR and foreign countries, it was found that the proposed technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore, we can conclude that the criterion of "inventive step" ".

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the device for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells, including a three-roller head with rollers, a mandrel, a clamp, an ejector and fasteners, in contrast to the prototype according to the invention, an adapter is installed in it, connected by seats to the machine spindle and the mandrel, which is attached to the adapter by a clamping ring, as well as a puller, which is made with grooves for passing rollers and a hole for the adapter to enter into it and connected to a removable ring with holes rstii for moving the puller with the ring along the mandrel, and the rollers are made with a triangular or trapezoidal profile with vertices rounded along the radius and installed with axial and radial displacement between each other, equal to 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer of the workpiece, while the axial and radial forces are displayed on the control panel display.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a device for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells, Fig. 2 shows a view A of the apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a variant of a device with an adapter sleeve - a plan view, Fig. 4 - the process of rotational drawing of the workpiece by rollers with axial and radial displacements and the profile of the rollers.

Figure 1 shows the workpiece 1 mounted on the mandrel 2 and fixed on it by the clamping ring 12 and clamp 13, the rollers 3, 4 and 5, the puller 6, on which the removable ring 7 is fixed, the mandrel 2, mounted on the adapter 8 by the clamping ring 9 , an adapter 8, mounted on the mounting protrusion of the spindle 10, the cylindrical protrusion of the mandrel 2 enters the cylindrical seat of the adapter 8, while the diameters of the seat and the cylindrical protrusion are D mm, the ejector 14, the ring of the ejector 15 to remove the workpiece 1 with the ejector 14, w Oka hydraulic cylinders 11 to move the stripper. Hydraulic cylinders are conventionally not shown in FIG. 1.

Also shown: F (mm / min) - axial feed rollers 3, 4 and 5,

S (min ^-1 ) - the speed of rotation of the spindle, adapter, mandrel and workpiece,

Dn (mm) - diameter of the adapter,

Dc (mm) - hole diameter of the puller,

Dk ₁ (mm) - the diameter of the holes of the removable ring,

Do (mm) - diameter of the mandrel.

Figure 2 (view A from figure 1) shows a puller 6 with two grooves for passing rollers 3, 4, the grooves are made with a profile in the form of a circular arc with a radius Rc (mm) exceeding the radius of the rollers Rp (mm). The centers of application of the radii are aligned at point O.

A clamp 13, a clamping ring 12, a workpiece 1, rollers 3, 4 and 5 located at an angle of 120 ° between themselves in the circumferential direction, a puller 6, a removable ring 7, the rods 11 of the hydraulic cylinders (hydraulic cylinders for removing the workpiece and a three-roller head are conditionally not designated shown).

Figure 3 shows a variant of the device in which the puller 6 is connected to the removable ring 7 by the adapter sleeve 16 with an inner diameter Dk ₂ (mm) equal to the diameter of the hole Dc (mm) of the puller 6, Dk ₂ = Dc.

Designations of the remaining parts of the device, as in figure 1.

Figure 4 shows the process of rotational drawing of the workpiece 1 on the mandrel 2 with rollers 3, 4, and 5 with axial 1 (mm) and radial displacements D (mm), the triangular profile of the rollers 3, 4 and 5 with the radius of the apex R (mm) ( view I, “a”), trapezoidal profile of rollers 3, 4 and 5 with a flat apex of length k (mm) with a radius of the apex R (mm) (view I, “b”) of the transition of the flat apex to the front and rear surfaces. Rollers 3, 4 and 5 are conditionally aligned in one axial plane.

The above device operates as follows.

The workpiece 1 is installed on the mandrel 2 and fix it on the mandrel with a clamp 13 with a clamping ring 12 (Fig.1, 2 and 3).

The rollers 3, 4 and 5 are installed in the roller head with displacement between themselves in the axial (1 mm) and radial (Δ mm) direction (Fig. 4). The roller head is not conventionally shown. The profile of the rollers is selected depending on the mechanical properties of the workpieces, with a triangular profile (figure 4 view I, "a") during the rotational drawing of workpieces with high mechanical properties, with a trapezoidal profile (figure 4 view I, "b") when processing workpieces with more plastic properties.

Then, the device is adjusted during rotational drawing by adjusting the axial and radial displacements of the rollers depending on the readings of the axial and radial forces on the display of the machine control panel.

The radial and axial forces on the rollers are aligned, changing the radial displacements and, accordingly, the gaps between the tops of the rollers and the mandrel and the axial displacements of the rollers.

The displacement of the rollers reduces the likelihood of resonance leading to breakdowns of the device, and also reduces the amplitude and frequency of oscillations of the device and thereby increases the stability of the deformation process, the accuracy and quality of the treated surface.

During the rotation extraction of workpieces, the display of the control panel constantly displays the readings radial on each roller and the axial forces of the three rollers, which allows you to make the necessary corrections at any time and stabilize the process of rotation extraction.

After the end of the process of rotational drawing according to the CNC program of the machine, the spindle rotation is turned off and, accordingly, the mandrel and the workpiece, the rollers and the clamp are retracted, by the rods 11 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) of the supply cylinders, the puller 6 is moved with the ring 7 in the direction the preform and the preform 1 are removed from the mandrel.

Alternatively, the workpiece is removed from the mandrel by the ejector 14 acting through the removable ring 15 on the inner ledge of the workpiece.

If necessary, increase the effort of removal affect the puller 6 by the end surfaces of the rollers 3, 4 and 5, which are moved through the grooves of the puller behind the puller, brought in the radial direction and then moved in the axial opposite direction with the puller 6 and the removable ring 7 and the workpiece 1 on the mandrel and remove it from the mandrel by the combined action of a puller and rollers.

Example 1

Billet 1 from pipes ⌀133 × 13 mm of steel 12Kh3GNMFBA, (20KH3GNMFA, 22KH3GN2M1FA) TU 1308-005-33116077-2001, SP28, etc. (Figs. 1, 2, and 4) with dimensions ⌀bn. 116.15 mm, wall thickness 7 mm, length 565 mm, are mounted on mandrel 2 with a diameter of 116 mm and a length of 2150 mm, the mandrel is mounted with a cylindrical protrusion in the seat of adapter 8 for landing ⌀120 H7 / h6 and is attached to it by a clamping ring 9.

The adapter 8 is connected by a seat in the form of a conical recess with a conical protrusion of the spindle 10.

(на (0,5-1)% по формуле изобретения).The puller 6 with a removable ring 7 is set to its original position. In this case, the adapter end part enters the hole of the puller, the diameter of the adapter Dn = 400 mm, the diameter of the hole of the puller Dc = 402.5 mm, the diameter of the hole of the puller exceeds the diameter of the adapter by $$\frac{402.5-400}{400}\times \mathrm{one\; hundred}\%=0.625\%$$

(by (0.5-1)% according to the claims).

(на (0,5-1)% по формуле изобретения). Затем фиксируют заготовку 1 на оправке прижимом 13 с прижимным кольцом 12 (фиг.1).The removable ring 7 is made with a hole diameter Dk ₁ = 117 mm, the mandrel is made with a diameter of Do = 116 mm, the diameter of the hole of the removable ring exceeds the diameter of the mandrel $$\frac{117-116}{116}\times \mathrm{one\; hundred}\%=0.86\%$$

(by (0.5-1)% according to the claims). Then fix the workpiece 1 on the mandrel clamp 13 with the clamping ring 12 (figure 1).

When rotating the extraction of billets from steel 12H3GNMFBA use rollers 3, 4 and 5 of a triangular profile with the radii of the peaks R = (3-6) mm (figure 4, view I, "a").

что соответствует формуле изобретения (1=(0,1-0,7)Δt), величина радиального смещения роликов Δ составляет $$\frac{\mathrm{1,033}}{\mathrm{3,1}}=0.33\Delta t,$$

что соответствует формуле изобретения (Δ=(0,1-0,7)Δt).The rollers are installed (figure 4) with axial displacements 1 = 1.25 mm, radial displacements Δ = 1,033 mm With the thickness of the initial billet to = 7 mm, the thickness of the billet after rotational drawing t = 3.9 mm, the depth of the deformable layer Δt = 7-3.9 = 3.1 mm, while the axial displacement of the rollers 1 is $$\frac{1.25}{\mathrm{3,1}}=0.4\Delta t\text{(mm)}\text{,}$$

which corresponds to the claims (1 = (0.1-0.7) Δt), the radial displacement of the rollers Δ is $$\frac{\mathrm{1,033}}{\mathrm{3,1}}=0.33\Delta t,$$

which corresponds to the claims (Δ = (0.1-0.7) Δt).

Then, under the CNC program of the machine, the process of rotational drawing of the workpiece is carried out. In this case, the rollers 3, 4 and 5 are included in the workpiece (Fig. 4) by the total value of the deformable layer Δt = 3.1 mm.

After the end of the process of rotational drawing according to the CNC program, the spindle rotation is turned off, the rollers and the clamp are retracted to the initial position and the supply cylinders (not shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3) by the rods 11 (Figs. 1, 2) move the puller 6 with the ring 7 to direction to the workpiece and the workpiece is removed from the mandrel.

The option of removing the workpiece from the mandrel with the ejector 14 with the ring 15 and the option of enhancing the removal of the puller together with the rollers.

To do this, grooves are made in the puller for passing rollers with a profile in the form of an arc of a circle with a radius Rc = 160 mm greater than the radius of the roller Rp = 125 mm, which corresponds to the claims.

In this embodiment, the rollers 3, 4 and 5 are moved axially through the grooves behind the puller, then they are brought together in the radial direction and the end surfaces of the rollers when moving in the opposite direction act on the end surface of the puller and, thus, remove the workpiece from the mandrel.

Then the rollers and the puller returns to its original position.

Example 2

A blank 1 of aluminum alloy AMg5M GOST 18482-79 (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) with dimensions ⌀132 mm, length 500 mm and wall thickness 8.8 mm is mounted on mandrel 2 with a diameter of 114 mm and a length of 1500 mm.

The mandrel 2 is installed on the landing conical protrusion of the adapter 8 and is attached to it by a clamping ring 9.

The puller 6 is connected to the removable ring 7 by the adapter sleeve 16 with a hole diameter equal to the diameter of the puller hole Dk ₂ = Dc = 402.5 mm. The adapter sleeve is made with flanges, with one flange the sleeve is connected to the puller 6, and the other flange with a removable ring 7.

Rotational extraction of blanks 1 of aluminum alloy AMg5 is carried out by rollers 3, 4 and 5 with a trapezoidal profile (Fig. 4, view I, “b”) with R = 5 mm and flat tip length k = (2-5) mm.

что соответствует формуле изобретения (1=(0,1-0,7)Δt).The rollers are installed with displacements (Fig. 4) axial 1 = 1 mm and radial displacements Δ = 0.6 mm. With a workpiece wall thickness of to = 9 mm, t = 6 mm, Δt = 9-6 = 3 mm, the axial displacement 1 is $$\frac{\mathrm{one}}{3}=0.33\Delta t,$$

which corresponds to the claims (1 = (0.1-0.7) Δt).

что соответствует формуле изобретения (Δ=(0,1-0,7)Δt).The magnitude of the radial displacement Δ (mm) is $$\frac{0.6}{3}=0.2\Delta t,$$

which corresponds to the claims (Δ = (0.1-0.7) Δt).

The process of rotational drawing and removal of the workpiece is carried out, as in example 1.

The device for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells in accordance with the invention provides the possibility of manufacturing thin-walled shells of large length with high stability of the deformation process, with high accuracy of geometric dimensions and high quality of the processed surface.

The invention can be used in the manufacture of various vessels and shells operating under internal pressure from carbon and alloy steels and from aluminum alloys.

The indicated positive effect is confirmed by testing the device in the manufacture of thin-walled shells.

Claims (6)

1. A device for the rotational drawing of thin-walled shells, including a three-roller head with rollers, a mandrel fixed to the machine spindle, a clamp, an ejector and fasteners, characterized in that it is equipped with an adapter connected by seats to the machine spindle and a mandrel attached to the adapter by a pressure ring as well as a puller made with grooves for passing the rollers and a hole for the adapter to enter into it and connected to the puller with a removable ring, the hole of which is made with the possibility of moving the puller with the ring along the mandrel, while the rollers are made of a triangular or trapezoidal profile with vertices rounded on the radius and installed with axial and radial displacements between themselves equal to 0.1-0.7 of the depth of the deformable layer of the workpiece, and with the possibility of output on the display of the control panel the values of their axial and radial forces. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the puller and the removable ring are made with holes whose diameters exceed the diameters of the adapter and mandrel, respectively (0.5-1)%. 3. The device according to PP.1, 2, characterized in that the profile of the grooves of the puller is made in the form of an arc of a circle with a radius greater than the radius of the roller, while the centers of application of the radii are aligned. 4. The device according to PP.1, 2, characterized in that the puller is connected to the removable ring adapter sleeve with a hole equal in diameter to the diameter of the hole of the puller. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter is made with a seat in the form of a cylindrical hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical protrusion of the mandrel. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter is made with a seat in the form of a conical protrusion with dimensions equal to the dimensions of the conical recess of the mandrel.

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