RU2525342C1 - Engine con-rod-free crank mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to con-rod-free converters of reciprocation and can be used in ICEs and other piston machines. Proposed con-rod-free mechanism consists of housing (1) with two crankshafts (4) fitted therein and coupled by carriers (2, 3). Gears (5, 6) are fitted on crank pins to engage with pinions (7, 8) articulated with carriers (2, 3). Carrier pin in carriers (2, 3) are equally spaced from crank pins. Carriers (7, 8) and their side surfaces are provided with cranks shifted from their axis by magnitude equal to the shift of crankshaft pins (4). Cranks are articulated with dual rods of self-alignment pistons fitted in cylinders on one axle and secured at housing.

EFFECT: compact design.

5 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rod-free mechanisms for converting reciprocating movements, for example, of pistons into rotational motion of the output shaft, and, conversely, of rotational motion of the shaft into reciprocating movements of pistons, and can be used in the construction of internal combustion engines and other reciprocating machines.

Known rodless mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotary, comprising a housing, dual opposed pistons with a common rod and a pinion gear, characterized in that it contains a second pair of opposed pistons with a common rod intersecting with the first pair, and the pinion gear is made cylindrical and equipped with two pins arranged diametrically opposite on opposite planes of the gear wheel and each connected to the middle part of the corresponding rod, and also contains a planetary gear made in the form located on the inside of the housing on the bearings of the sun gear with an inner rim that engages with the drive spur gear and the outer rim that engages with the driven element [1].

The disadvantage of the rodless mechanism for converting movement is the difficulty of ensuring high technological requirements in its components.

Known rod-free rotation conversion mechanism containing two crank shafts, two rods connected by crank heads with pistons, and the middle heads with the crank axis of the middle crank shaft and a hypocyclic mechanism, characterized in that a planetary reverse gear mechanism is used in the rodless rotation transformation mechanism, containing fixed crown gear with an inner rim, a movable carrier with three pins and three satellite gears with an outer rim mounted on the pins, of which its satellite gear consists of two crowns with a gear ratio of 2/3 or a multiple of 12/18, generally interconnected kinematically with the rods, forming with them a single rodless planetary crank mechanism for converting rotation in an internal combustion engine of all varieties and types [2], prototype . The disadvantages of the known rotation conversion mechanism are:

- the complexity of the kinematic scheme;

- large dimensions of a multi-cylinder engine built on its basis.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a crank-free crank mechanism for a compact and lightweight multi-cylinder engine design.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the rodless crank mechanism of the engine, comprising a housing with two crank shafts installed in it and connected by carrier rods, in the axes of the cranks of which gears are installed (made) on both sides of their necks and are engaged with satellite gears of the same parameters pivotally mounted in carrier rods, the axis of the satellite gears in them being at equal distances from the axes of the cranks, and in the satellite gears on their outer lateral surfaces s cranks having offset from their axes, equal to the offset journals the crank shaft, and the last mentioned cranks is pivotally connected with the rods self-aligning double pistons mounted in cylinders that are in one axis and fixed to the housing.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a multi-cylinder engine with a connecting rod crank mechanism.

Figure 2 shows the rodless crank mechanism of a multi-cylinder engine without a housing (for clarity).

Figure 3 shows the crank shaft.

4 shows satellite gears.

Figure 5 shows the pistons assembly with double rods.

In Fig.6 - Fig.9 shows the position of the elements of the rodless crank mechanism of the engine in the cycle of its operation.

In the graphic figures, for clarity, some elements of the same name are not shown, fasteners, bearings, seals are not shown. Also not shown are elements of engine systems that are not related to the subject of this invention.

The crank-free crank mechanism of the engine (see Fig. 1 - Fig. 5) consists of a housing 1 in which crank shafts 4 are connected, connected by rods 2 and 3, in the axes of the cranks of which gears 5 and 6 are installed (made) with satellite gears 7 and 8 pivotally mounted in carrier rods 2 and 3. Satellite gears 7 and 8 are pivotally coupled with double rods 9 and 10 of pistons 11 and 12 mounted in cylinders 13 and 14, mounted on housing 1, and the pistons of one of the sides are connected to the rods 9 and 10 by means of omezhutochnyh earrings-rods 9-1 and 10-1. The output shaft 15 pivotally mounted in the housing 1 has gears by gear 16 with gears 17 and 18 mounted on the crank shafts 4.

The work of the crank-free crank mechanism of the engine is to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons placed in the cylinders and receiving energy from the thermal expansion of the gases in the rotational motion of the output shaft.

The rodless crank mechanism of the engine operates as follows (see figure 1, figure 2).

In the cylinders 13 and 14 installed in the housing 1, the pistons 11 and 12, which can be moved and receive energy from the thermal expansion of the gases, are provided through double rods 9 and 10, pivotally connected to the cranks of the satellite gears 7 and 8, pivotally mounted in the rod rods 2 and 3, transmit movement to them, forcing gears 5 and 6 to rotate and rotate by gearing, and with them the crank shafts 4, and the latter, connected by gearing of gears 17 and 18 with gear 16, rotate the output shaft 15.

Figure 5 shows the pistons 11 assembly with double rods 9, moreover, the pistons 11 on one side are pivotally connected to the double rods 9 by means of intermediate earrings rods 9-1, allowing them to self-install in movements of the cylinders 13 mounted on the housing 1 , thus compensating for errors in the arrangement of the elements of the mechanism arising in the process of their manufacture, assembly and thermal deformation.

The operation of the rodless crank mechanism of the engine is illustrated in the graphic images of Fig.6 - Fig.9.

Figure 6 shows the rodless crank mechanism of the engine in the position of its elements, when the pistons 11 are located at the top dead center (TDC) on the left and at the bottom dead center (BDC) on the right according to the terminology adopted in the engine industry to indicate their position. The magnitude of the displacement of the axes of the crankshaft of the shafts 4 is equal to the magnitude of the displacement of the axis of the crank of the satellite gear 7 and is denoted by l. The displacement of the pistons 11 from the middle position, when they are at the same distance from the plane in which the axes of the crank shafts 4 are located, is indicated by m. Crank shafts 4 can rotate in axes A and B. For this graphic figure and for subsequent figures in the simplest version, there may be no pistons 11 and satellite gear 7 shown below, and the carrier rod 2 can be shortened on both sides.

When moving the pistons 11 to the right of the position shown in Fig.6 (see Fig.7), the rod 9, connecting the opposite pistons 11 and having a hinge mated to the crank of the satellite gear 7, transmits movement to it, forcing it to rotate in the selected counterclockwise direction direction, and gear 5 and shaft 4 having a gear connection with it — clockwise the same angle (rotation of the gears by an angle α = 90 degrees is shown). The axis of the crank of the satellite gear 7 is constantly in intersection with the common axis of the pistons 11 and perpendicular to it, performing a movement along a radius equal to the value of l, while the rod-carrier 2 performs parallel displacements along the same radius equal to the value of l, being in articulation with the crank shafts 4. In this case, the displacement m of the pistons 11 is equal to the double displacement of the axis of the crank of the satellite gear 7 (m = 2l).

With further movement of the pistons 11 to the right (see Fig. 8), the satellite gear 7 and gear 5 with the shaft 4 will rotate by an angle α = 180 degrees in different directions from the position shown in Fig.6. The piston 11, located on the left, will come to the BDC, and the piston 11, located on the right, will be at the TDC, having traveled each path equal to 2m, which is equal to 4l.

Figure 9 shows the position of the elements of the rodless mechanism of the engine with the reverse (from right to left) movement of the pistons 11.

The single-piston design scheme, in which, as in multi-piston schemes with a single carrier rod, unbalanced masses will be present during operation will be the minimum necessary circuit of the crank-free crank mechanism of the engine.

To balance the mechanism allows the construction of a crank-free crank mechanism of the engine according to the scheme shown in figure 1 - figure 3.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a multi-cylinder engine with a rodless crank mechanism, and Figure 2 shows the rodless crank mechanism of the engine, in which, for clarity, the housing is not shown. In the mechanism of the crank shafts (see figure 3) contain three pairs of gears, and the axis of the cranks of the middle pairs are offset by an angle of 180 degrees relative to the cranks of the extreme pairs, while the offset of the cranks in the middle pair can be increased, and the middle pistons can have enlarged diameter for the purpose of rational balancing. The movements of balanced, out-of-phase masses rotate the crank shafts, which in the engine with the proposed crank-free crank mechanism does not require the use of additional counterweights for balancing.

Information sources

1. Description of the invention to copyright certificate No. 164756 - Rodless mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational, publ. 07/19/1964.

2. Description of the invention to patent No. 2398121 C2 - Rodless planetary-crank rotation converter for engines (option 3), publ. 08/27/2010.

Claims (5)

1. A crank-free crank mechanism of the engine, comprising a housing, with two crank shafts installed in it and connected by carrier rods, in the axes of the cranks of which gears are installed (made) on both sides of their necks, which are engaged with satellite gears of the same parameters, articulated in carrier rods, moreover, the axis of the satellite gears in them is located at equal distances from the axes of the cranks, and in the satellite gears on their outer side surfaces are made cranks having an offset from their axis equal to the offset of the necks of the crank shafts, and the last mentioned cranks are pivotally connected to the double rods of self-aligning pistons installed in cylinders located on the same axis and mounted on the housing. 2. The crank-free crank mechanism of the engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the crank shafts in it are made with three cranks, moreover, the axis of the middle crank in each of them is rotated through an angle of 180 degrees with respect to the axes of the extreme cranks located in one axis. 3. The rodless crank mechanism of the engine according to claim 2, characterized in that in the crank shafts the axes of the middle cranks have an increased displacement compared to the displacements of the axes of the extreme cranks. 4. The rodless crank mechanism of the engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the masses in motion associated with the cranks of the extreme rows are balanced by the masses associated with the cranks of the middle row. 5. The rodless crank mechanism of the engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-aligning pistons installed in cylinders located on the same axis and mounted on the housing are articulated between each other by double rods on one side by means of intermediate earrings-rods.

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