RU2523286C2 - Log processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.

SUBSTANCE: log processing method involves delivery of logs, their sorting as per diameters, debarking and rounding up, sawing of logs into parts, chipping and production of fuel wooden pellets. The logs are sorted as per the diameters and tapering. The tapered logs are sawn into two short logs of an equal length and every short log is sorted as per the diameter with being placed in a short log bin. The sorted timber is piled in an accumulating stack of the respective diameter and length. When every stack reaches the volume sufficient for the shift processing, the timber lot is supplied for sawing. In the beginning of every shift the set-up operators adjust the equipment for the required log diameter and length.

EFFECT: increased log processing efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry, namely to the production of lumber and other products.

A known method of sawing logs into lumber according to the OKAL system (Kopeikin AM Prospects for the development of sawing technology. M., Lesnaya prom-t, 1989, pp. 35-37), including sorting logs by diameter, cutting into short sections, debarking, cylindering, sawing logs into boards of the same thickness, drying the resulting boards and their subsequent processing. The implementation of this method has a high yield of round timber. Long logs are cut into short segments in the conditions of lower storage areas of the cutting area with a fairly high share of manual labor and relatively low labor productivity, as well as relatively high production costs. Loading and transport work in such conditions also have low labor productivity and high production costs for the delivery of short sections of round timber to sawmills.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method of processing logs, including delivery of logs, sorting by diameter, debarking and cylindering of logs, sawing logs into parts and rags, chip production and production of wooden fuel pellets (pellets) (Patent RU No. 2380220, IPC V27V 1 / 00. Date of publication 09.09.2010).

Processing the slab of long logs into wood chips increases low-grade products, reduces overall labor productivity and increases the cost of production of general products, since the proportion of high-quality products - lumber is relatively low.

The proposed technical solution allows to eliminate these disadvantages.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that in the method of processing logs, including the delivery of logs, sorting by diameter, debarking and cylindering of logs, sawing the logs into pieces, chip production and production of wood fuel pellets, and the sorting of logs is performed by diameter and taper, conical logs sawed into two short logs of the same length and sorted each short log by diameter with the placement of short logs in pockets, sorted wood is placed in the accumulation headquarters s suitable diameter and length, of stacked in each stack volume sufficient for a replacement processing, the party is sent to a breaker, at the beginning of each shift adjusters operate on the hardware configuration corresponding to the log diameter and its length.

An example of the method.

Sawing raw materials of 6100 mm logs are supplied from suppliers by timber carriers or by rail to an open buffer warehouse of long forest. On the sorting line, roundwood is distributed by diameter and taper using a VECTOR.3D log meter - a hardware-software complex designed for non-contact piecemeal measurement of geometric parameters of logs as an automated means of measuring log parameters as part of an automated roundwood sorting line and metering system round wood. Logs of a given diameter without taper cutter puts in the left pocket of a given diameter sorting lines, and logs with a taper in the right pocket. Sorted conical long forest is sent to the installation for trimming logs and sorting them by SAB diameters to obtain short logs of 3050 mm of a given diameter. Sorted wood, both 6100 mm logs and 3050 mm short logs, is stacked in their storage pile of the appropriate diameter and length of cutting. When accumulating in each stack volume sufficient for shift processing, the batch is sent for cutting. At the beginning of each shift, the adjusters, carrying out the preventive maintenance, perform the adjustment of the equipment to the appropriate diameter of cutting the log and its length. In the sawmill, sorted timber of a log of 3050 mm of the corresponding diameter or a log of 6100 mm is delivered by a loader to the feeding table of the debarker. After debarking and simultaneous cylindering of the butt part of the log with strong safety, the forest enters the line through the cross conveyor to the line for sawing the log into boards (carriages) at the Mohringer sawmill with mechanization for feeding the log and removing the board (carriage). The croaker is simultaneously crushed into wood chips. Next, the semi-finished product enters the line for sawing carriages onto boards with a COSTA multisaw machine with a sawing waste disposal system, a Rudnick Enners crusher and board sorting.

On a Bruks sieve, the wood chips are sorted into wood chips for use in the pulp industry, and low-quality waste together with sawdust is sent for the production of wood fuel pellets.

The results of the experimental processing of round timber 6100 mm long with a total output of the volume of boards in diameter (154.845 + 149.27 + 149.82 + 145.35 = 599.285 cbm.) Are shown in the Table.

These Tables show the output of boards of non-conical short logs with diameters of 16 cm - 4.485 cbm, 20 cm - 6.634 cbm., 24 cm - (7.693 + 0.13 = 7.823) cbm, 28 cm - (6.16 + 0.555 = 6.715) kbm and in percentage terms to the output of boards (Top 3 m) is respectively (4.485: 68.931 * 100% = 6.51%) 9.55% 10.98% 9.45%. The average percentage of output of boards of non-conical short logs was 9.10%, then the total processed wood with a length of 6100 mm, the volume of non-conical raw materials of the timber processing enterprise will be 9.10% * 2 = 18.20%.

The data of experimental processing of short logs of 3050 mm show a total output of the volume of boards by diameters of 163.946 + 160.863 + 159.841 + 154.125 = 638.775 cbm. The increase in the volume of boards after cutting short logs in diameter was 16 cm - 9.101 cbm, 20 cm - 11.593 cbm, 24 cm - 10.021 cbm, 28 cm - 8.775 cbm, and as a percentage, respectively, amounted to 5.88%, 7.77%, 6 , 69%, 6.04%. The average percentage increase in the output of the volume of boards when cutting short logs in a sawmill will be 6.59%.

Thus, using 6100 mm long logs in processing, the sawmill has relatively low costs in calculating the cost of its products under raw materials. By processing 6100 mm logs on an automated line for sorting logs by diameter and taper, and then processing long conical logs on an automated trimming and sorting line to obtain classified short logs by diameter. The sawmill produces differentiated cutting of long non-conical logs of 6100 mm with relatively low unit costs of production, as well as processing of short conical logs with increased output of boards and with lower unit costs.

Information sources

1. Kopeikin A.M. Prospects for the development of sawmill technology. M., Forest industry, 1989, p. 35-37.

2. Patent RU No. 2380220. IPC B27 B1 / 00. Date of publication 09.09.2010.

Claims (1)

 A method of processing logs, including delivery of logs, sorting by diameter, debarking and cylindering of logs, sawing logs into pieces, wood chips production and production of wood fuel pellets, characterized in that the sorting of logs is performed by diameter and taper, conical logs are cut into two short logs of the same lengths and sort each short log by diameter with the placement of short logs in pockets, sorted wood is laid in a stacking pile of the corresponding diameter and length, after accumulation in each stack of the volume sufficient for shift processing, the batch is sent for cutting, at the beginning of each shift, the adjusters adjust the equipment to the appropriate diameter of the log and its length.

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