RU2523174C1 - Method of protecting information on physical (paper) medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: method includes generating control information in digital form and signing with an electronic signature; the latter is used to form a computer-readable form of the control information which is protected using cryptographic methods; the computer-readable form of the control information is deposited by successively covering the surface of the medium with an element which is connected to the medium, said element having distinct identifiable security features; reading control information from the surface of the medium and said element and converting to digital form, from which the value of the electronic signature of the control information and the control information itself are selected; verifying the electronic signature of the control information.

EFFECT: improved authenticity and integrity of data deposited on a medium.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to the field of means of protection and verification of information contained on a physical medium (paper, film, etc.), in particular, used in the process of creating and processing legally significant documents, in particular notarial, legal documents, executive, securities, etc. .p., allows you to uniquely determine the authenticity of information while protecting it from intentional modification and substitution.

Known methods of protecting printed documents, for example the use of paper with watermarks, protective fibers, holograms or special inks. They mainly solve the problem of confirming the authenticity of the information carrier, for example, the form of a document, and not the authenticity and integrity of the information contained on it. The proposed method allows to solve the problem of confirming not only the authenticity and integrity of the information contained in the document, but also to do this in automatic mode. In addition, it should be noted cases where it is necessary, by marking a printed document, to discreetly transmit additional digital information to facilitate the process of verifying the authenticity of a document. Therefore, a slight modification of the document, which allows to introduce a hidden unique digital message invisible to the naked eye, which is destroyed during copying, provides a useful and economical mechanism for the subsequent authentication of the document.

A known method of duplication of information (see patent RU No. 2337012, IPC B42D 15/00, publication of 10.27.2008), printed on a material medium by means of micro-printing by applying symbols, images or plot-important details of the protected object to the material medium, for example, paper protection banknotes containing at least one security element made in the form of a hologram and / or watermark and / or metal layer and / or polymer layer and / or foil and at least one removable protective layer with located od them hidden information - code-access password.

A known method of protecting a document using a transfer film (see application DE No. 10.2005.017169, IPC B44C 01/16, publication of 10.19.2006) using a thin, non-self-supporting structural layer with a thickness of <10 μm, the first relief structure after applying the element protection on the security document is located on the surface of the security document and may carry an optical and / or technical function or can be detected by touch.

A known method of marking materials using an ink composition (see application JP No. 92/20748, IPC C09D 11/00, publication of 1992), containing a fluorescent dye that does not absorb radiation in visible light. Irradiation of the image deposited with such ink with light with a dye absorption wavelength causes fluorescence of the image.

A known method of protecting printed documents (see US patent No. 8015412, IPC G06K 09/00, NKI 713/178, publication of 06/14/2009), providing for the encoding of digital data on the surface of a document using infrared ink. The coded surface consists of tightly placed tags adjacent to each other (descriptor, thematic index). The coding of the surface is carried out in such a way that the information capture field is large enough to guarantee the successful reading of the entire tag and identification of the area containing the tag.

There is a method of marking and branding products (see GOST 2.314-68), which provides indications of the place of marking by lettering by engraving, etching, paint, pressing, stamping, and also by applying a bar code.

A known method of producing a polymer layer with a dichroic fluorescent dye dissolved in it (see US patent No. 3276316, NKI 359/352, 250 / 461.1, 264 / 2.6, 359 / 487.02, 369 / 487.06, publication of 04.11.1966), which is capable of glow anisotropically under UV radiation.

An invisible information recording medium is known (see US patent No. 5532104, IPC G06K 19/02, NKI 235/491, 430/139, 430/962, publication of July 2, 1996) containing a system for reading information from a recording medium such as a book cover with an anisotropic fluorescent barcode image.

A known method and device for multispectral display for identification and sorting of objects (see US patent No. 6874639, IPC B07C 05/02, B07C 05/342, G06K 19/06, G06K 19/14, NKI 209 / 3.3, 209/580, 209 / 937, 209/938, 235/491, publication of April 5, 2005).

A known method of authenticating a holographic security element with a microrelief (see patent UA No. 16893, 16894, IPC B42D 15/10, G06K 19/00, publication of 08/15/2006) formed on the surface of a polymer film with fluorescent labels. The method includes the operation of excitation of a fluorescent dye using light with a specific wavelength, reading the fluorescence spectrum, analysis and comparison of the fluorescence spectrum of the investigated holographic element with the spectrum of the reference holographic element. If the essential features of the fluorescence spectra of the investigated and reference holographic elements coincide, a decision is made on the authenticity of the element under study.

A known system and method for reading information stored in a hologram and other diffraction objects (see US patent No. 6263104, IPC G06K 09/76, NKI 382/210, 350/226, 382/208, publication of 03/17/2003), consisting in the fact that the fluorescent labels were placed on the opposite side of the object with respect to the hologram, and the spectral properties of the light-emitting particles were the coding element.

To protect against falsification of various products and documents, a technique for analyzing the microrelief of the surface of protected products is proposed. The surface microrelief is an individual characteristic stable in time, which cannot be artificially reproduced in the manufacture of fakes.

A known method of protecting securities by changing the structure of the material at different sites in a predetermined ratio (see application JP N 57-62478, IPC G07D 07/00, publication from 1982), for example, by light absorption or reflection by visible rays and infrared rays.

There is a method of hidden marking of an object by applying an individual digital or alphanumeric tag to it (see patent RU No. 2107945 MPK G06K 09/00, G09F 03/10, publication of 03/27/1998) containing information about the object, followed by reading this information and comparing it with a computer database or with registration in a special journal. In this method of applying individual markings in the form of digital or alphanumeric labels, at the request of the owners of tangible objects, the technology of the proposed method is greatly simplified.

A known method of protecting securities from counterfeiting (see patent RU No. 2088971, IPC G07D 07/00, publication of 08/27/1997), which consists in applying marks corresponding to the identification code in a given area of a security, and electronically scanning the microstructure of each protected valuable paper, according to the scan results form the parameters of the identifier vector corresponding to this microstructure, transform the identifier vector by means of noise-resistant coding into a security code, the values of which correspond to t label identification code located in a predetermined area of valuable paper, the microstructure of the security scan to produce two intersecting planes in the visible region of the spectrum by the optoelectronic conversion, in addition, prior to the application of its security code is converted into another code by error correcting coding.

A well-known combined brand (see patent RU No. 2413964, IPC G03H 01/00, publication of 03/10/2011) certifying the authenticity of the product, including a multilayer film structure with layers on which information is recorded, and on the surface of one or more layers there are spatially specified areas of the microrelief, the shape of which is random, while the microreliefs are formed in the layers of the brand due to the difference in the wettability of fluorescent paints and polymer layers, and the shape of the microrelief after optical digital processing and cryptographic second encoding is recorded in the pre-marked fluorescent regions located on different layers of a multilayer structure of a coded symbol sequence, and serves to authenticate an individual characteristic of the mark.

Known protection methods make it possible to confirm the authenticity of a recording on a tangible medium, but cannot protect the integrity of information recorded on a tangible medium, and a significant and serious drawback of all the listed protection measures is the lack of a correlating relationship between the information contained in a record on a tangible medium and the reflected mark. The recorded information, material medium and label are physically connected, but information exist independently of each other.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of confirming the authenticity of information (see patent RU No. 2165643, IPC G06K 09/00, publication of 04/19/2000), which consists in the fact that all the marked information or its part is converted to digital form, sign it with a digital signature of the marker and determine it as a control. Then, the verification information in digital form, the digital signature and the public key for verifying the digital signature are converted into a bar code, which is printed on the document. When verifying the marked information, the bar code is read, the control information in digital form, the digital signature and the public key for verifying the digital signature are extracted. Reading the bar code and converting it into digital form is carried out using a scanner. The authenticity of the digital signature is verified using a personal computer using the standard digital signature verification algorithm (GOST R34.10-94, GOST R34.10-2001) using the public key for verifying the digital signature. If the digital signature is genuine, then the control information from the bar code is displayed on a computer screen or printed on paper and visually compared with the information presented in the document. Based on the results of the comparison, they conclude that the information is authentic.

The known method has the disadvantage that during the formation of control information, which is then entered into the bar code, during its scanning from a material medium, even with the most modern software and hardware, distortion and falsification of this information is possible.

The digital signature of the marker may be associated with initially distorted control information, and not with the source, which ultimately will lead to errors in the visual verification of the source information. This can happen, even though the digital signature generated in the process of public key control and control information previously placed in the barcode will match the digital signature of the marker. In addition, despite the high level of protection using an electronic signature, the possibility of falsification cannot be ruled out.

Putting the marker’s public key in the barcode leads to the fact that the attacker can simultaneously replace the digital signature and the marker’s public key, as well as modify the text information. As a result of verification, such a substitution cannot be detected, and the text information will be identified as genuine, since the digital signature of the marker will be erroneously identified as genuine. Thus, placing the public key of the tokener and the digital signature of the tokener in the barcode will lead to the fact that the result of the authentication of the digital signature will always be positive, and accordingly any object, even modified by the attacker, will always be identified as genuine.

An object of the invention is to protect information from accidental or deliberate changes in it, leading to its distortion.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure the uniqueness, authenticity and integrity of information created on material (paper) media and / or in computer memory.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a method of protecting information on a material (paper) medium, comprising applying (printing) source information to the surface of a material (paper) medium, generating control information in digital form, using all or part of the original information, and signing a digital form of control information with an electronic signature, and a machine-readable form of control information is formed from the combination of a digital form of control information and its electronic signature the police or a machine-readable form of control information protected by cryptographic methods, then they apply (print) a machine-readable form of control information, sequentially overlapping the surfaces of a material (paper) medium, an element having individually defined identifiable security features connected to a material (paper) medium, and again surface of a material (paper) carrier, control information in machine-readable form is read from the surface of a material (paper) a carrier and an element having individually defined identifiable security features are converted into a digital form from which the electronic signature of the control information and the control information are extracted, the electronic signature of the control information is verified and, if the verification result is positive, the initial information from the control is visualized and compared with the original information on material (paper) media, according to the results of comparison, they conclude that the integrity of information on material (paper) om) carrier.

Additionally, in the described method, when generating a machine-readable form of control information protected by cryptographic methods, a security code is used that is placed on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features that can be represented in digital form that uniquely corresponds to the security code, while verifying the control information in machine-readable form is read from the surface of a material (paper) carrier and an element having individually defined identifiers itsiruemye security features, are converted to digital form using the security code, placed on the surface of the member having a predetermined individually identifiable security features, which can be represented in digital form, uniquely corresponding protective code for demapping the control data computer readable form.

Additionally, in the described method, a security feature of an element having individually defined identifiable security features, made in the form of a microrelief created on its surface, converted by optical processing and cryptographic encoding into digital form, is used to generate a security code placed in a machine-readable form on the surface of the element, having individually defined identifiable security features.

Additionally, in the described method, a security feature of a material (paper) carrier is used, made in the form of a natural microrelief on its surface, placed under a transparent window, in a predetermined area of an element having individually defined identifiable security features, converted by digital processing and cryptographic encoding into digital form, to form a security code written in machine-readable form on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable Warned security features.

Additionally, in the described method, all of the control information or part of it and / or the electronic signature of the control information is sent to a specialized repository of a secure database, the control information and / or electronic signature as part of a machine-readable form of control information is compared with the control information and / or electronic signature requested from specialized repository of a secure database, and if so, they conclude that the control information and / or the electronic signature of the control are authentic information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A combined method is proposed for protecting information on tangible (paper) media while providing reliable evidence that will have valid and legal values that can establish the authenticity of information on tangible (paper) media, marking such media as the original or a true copy of the original, while ensuring integrity its contents.

The uniqueness of the proposed method of protecting information on a material (paper) medium is ensured by a combined approach to protecting information applied to a material (paper) medium, which consists in the simultaneous use of an element having individually defined identifiable security features and control information that allows verification of the integrity of the information applied to material (paper) storage medium.

The uniqueness of each instance of information deposited on a material (paper) medium is ensured through the use of a natural microrelief in a predetermined zone of an element having individually defined identifiable security features, or a natural microrelief of a material (paper) medium read through a transparent window located in a given zone of the element having individually defined identifiable security features transformed by optical processing and cryptographic second encoding in digital form, to form the security code is located in a machine readable form (suitable for reading scanner) on the surface of the member having a predetermined individually identifiable security features.

The integrity of the information (source information / information expressed in symbolic form / information expressed in semantic form / information expressed in alphabetical form / information expressed in human-readable form / graphic information) applied to a material (paper) medium is verified by reading and visualizing the control information using a computer and comparing visualized information (displayed on the screen of the monitor) with information printed on material (paper) media. The integrity of the digital form of the source information, as well as the integrity of the machine-readable form of control information applied to the material (paper) media is ensured by signing such information with an electronic signature. In addition to the integrity of the digital form of information, an electronic signature also allows you to identify who created the information in electronic form.

The inextricable connection of the control information, applied sequentially to the element having individually defined identifiable security features (in a machine-readable code - electronic medium), and to material (paper) medium with the initial recorded information, confirms its integrity, since the integrity of the initial recorded information is determined by its physical immutability. The structure, format and relationships between all components of the original recorded information make up its physical whole and, thus, guarantee its invariability.

Comparison of the proposed solution with the well-known technical solutions shows that it has a new set of essential features, which, together with the known ones, allow to successfully achieve the goal.

The drawing shows a material (paper) medium with applied initial and control information, respectively, using a microrelief on an element having individually defined identifiable security features that can be represented in digital form, and a microrelief on a material medium placed under a transparent window of an element having an individual preset identifiable security features that can be digitally presented, where the following items are presented:

1 - initial information;

2 - control information;

3 - an element having individually defined identifiable security features;

3.1 - security code;

3.2 - microrelief on a material carrier, placed under a transparent window;

3.3 - microrelief on an element having individually defined identifiable security features.

The inventive method is as follows.

In computer memory, information is prepared for applying it to a material (paper) medium. As a result of preparatory operations, the source information appears in electronic memory in electronic form, then control information is generated in digital form from all the source information or from a part of it and signed by electronic signature. Further, the control information signed by an electronic signature is divided in the computer memory into segments (files) of a given size, which are converted into machine-readable form by means of noise-resistant coding, for example, 2D code blocks of a given size are formed. Moreover, one of the options for generating control information is the cryptographic conversion (encryption) of the digital form of control information, in which, for example, a security code 3.1 is used as an encryption key, placed in a machine-readable form on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features. (The security code, previously, through optical processing and cryptographic encoding of the microrelief performed on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features, is converted into digital form and applied in machine-readable form to the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features. This operation precedes the use of an element having individually defined identifiable security features.)

Then, an element having individually defined identifiable security features is fixed in a certain place on the surface of the material (paper) carrier using an adhesive layer or thermal compression. Thus, a material medium connected to a security element forms a unique instance of a material medium suitable for applying (printing) information.

The uniqueness of such a material carrier is ensured either due to the microrelief on the surface of the protective element, or due to the natural microrelief of the material (paper) carrier read through a transparent window located in a given area of the protective element. The registration of the microrelief is carried out optically either by irradiating the surface at the excitation wavelength of the fluorescent dye used in the polymer composition and reading the image at the wavelength of its radiation, or by optical magnification of the natural microrelief of the material (paper) carrier read through the transparent window of the protective element. Then the resulting image is compressed by the PLE group encoding option or by the JPEG method, then it is converted by means of noise-resistant encoding into a digital security code, which can be used to generate control information.

The next step is the printing of information on a prepared material (paper) medium that is unified with a security element, and the material (paper) medium is conventionally divided into a zone for applying the initial information 1 and a zone containing the security element for applying control information 2, which is applied, sequentially overlapping the surface of a material (paper) carrier free of microrelief 3.2 or of microrelief 3.3 of the zone of an element having individually defined identifiable protective ery signs 3 connected to the material (paper) medium, and again the surface of the material (paper) medium, for example, in the form of blocks of 2D code of a given size.

Verification of information, first of all, is carried out by monitoring the integrity of the connection of the protective element and material (paper) media. If the integrity of the connection is not broken, the blocks of 2D code are scanned to create control information in the computer memory (if necessary, the digital form of control information protected by cryptographic methods is decoded (decrypted) beforehand). Given that in modern 2D codes, for example, in the DataMatrix code, a scrambling operation is used, in which continuous information is converted into separate fragments, placed according to a certain algorithm over the entire area of the 2D code, the correct decoding of the information confirms the integrity and authenticity of the security element and the material medium. Then, the electronic signature of the control information is verified (as a rule, the verification is carried out using the cryptographic information protection tool by calling the standard functions of such a tool), if necessary, the value of the security code contained in the security element is compared with the value of the security code from the control information, comparison read control information with control information from a specialized repository of a secure database, as well as visualization of the entire source hydrochloric information or parts of the audit trail and compared with the original information contained on paper.

The technical and economic effect of the present invention is to uniquely ensure the uniqueness, authenticity and integrity of information on organoleptic indicators of both an element having individually defined identifiable security features and a material (paper) medium according to the source information, while protecting information from intentional modification or substitution of an object.

Claims (5)

1. A method of protecting information on tangible (paper) media, which involves applying (printing) source information to the surface of a tangible (paper) carrier, generating control information in digital form using all or some of the source information, and signing the digital control information form with an electronic signature characterized in that a computer-readable form of control information or a machine-readable form of control is formed from the combination of a digital form of control information and its electronic signature The information protected by cryptographic methods is then applied (printed) to a machine-readable form of control information, sequentially overlapping the surfaces of the material (paper) medium, an element having individually defined identifiable security features connected to the material (paper) medium, and again the surface of the material (paper) ) media, control information in machine-readable form is read from the surface of a material (paper) media and an element having an individual The newly defined identifiable security features are converted into a digital form, from which the value of the electronic signature of the control information and the control information are extracted, the electronic signature of the control information is verified and, if the verification result is positive, the initial information from the control is visualized and compared with the original information on paper (paper) carrier, according to the results of comparison, conclude that the integrity of the information on the material (paper) carrier. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when generating a machine-readable form of control information protected by cryptographic methods, a security code is used that is placed on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features that can be represented in digital form that uniquely corresponds to the security During verification, the control information in machine-readable form is read from the surface of a material (paper) medium and an element having individually defined identifiers the security features being generated are digitized, a security code is used that is located on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features that can be represented in digital form, uniquely corresponding to the security code, for the inverse transformation of the machine-readable form of control information. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the security feature of the element is used, having individually defined identifiable security features, made in the form of a microrelief created on its surface, converted by optical processing and cryptographic encoding into digital form, to generate a security code, placed in machine-readable form on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable security features. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a protective feature of the material (paper) carrier is used, made in the form of a natural microrelief on its surface, placed under a transparent window, in a predetermined area of an element having individually defined identifiable security features converted by optical processing and cryptographic encoding in digital form, for the formation of a security code recorded in machine-readable form on the surface of an element having individually defined identifiable ie security features. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that all the control information or part of it and / or the electronic signature of the control information is sent to a specialized repository of a secure database, the control information and / or electronic signature as part of a machine-readable form of control information is compared with the control information and / or an electronic signature requested from a specialized repository of a secure database, and if they match, they conclude that the control information and / or the electronic signature of the control are authentic information.