RU2521888C1 - Device for attachment and separation of cluster-configuration carrier rocket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to space engineering and can be used for attachment and separation of cluster-configuration of carrier rocket. Proposed device comprises air operated pusher, attachment assembles and lock. Air operated pusher comprises cylinder with rod equipped with turn keys, spherical joint with ball lock and retainer piston, structural rod secured at bearing structure nearby wall second stage. Cylinder comprises extra cavity for rod pull-in.

EFFECT: higher reliability, decreased weight.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to space technology and can be used to separate the stages of the launch vehicle of the packet scheme.

From the patent literature, systems are known for fastening, quickly separating and retracting side rocket blocks from the central rocket block of the launch vehicle (PH) of the packet scheme using a system of rods (rods), pushers and devices that perceive longitudinal and tangential forces located at the top of the rocket carrier, and at the bottom. For example, from RF patent No. 2164463, MKI B64G 1/00, 2000, there is known a device for attaching and subsequently separating stages of a batch circuit launcher, comprising a pneumatic follower, attachment points mounted on separable parts of the batch circuit launcher, and a lock providing power connection of steps to their separation.

In the said patent, thrusts that receive radial forces are pivotally fixed at one end on the central block in devices having pyro-bolts, which ensure breaking of the power connections during separation, and at the other ends on the side blocks. The system of removal of steps from each other is equipped with pushers - two lower, working in parallel, and one upper.

The upper pusher is passed through the wall of the head fairing closest to the central missile block and is pivotally mounted on the power structure of its far wall.

In the same place, in the head fairing, there is a fastening unit that accepts longitudinal and tangential loads, made according to the “pin-socket” scheme. In this case, the pin is fixed to the power structure of the head fairing of the side block, and the socket is made in the liner. The liner has a spherical outer surface mounted with the possibility of rotation in the support, mounted on the power structure of the Central unit.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is its busyness, which in addition to numerous elements for attaching and separating the steps also requires a lot of reciprocal power elements in the design of the stage compartments. This makes heavier, more expensive and complicates the design of fastening and separation of steps and testing their reliability.

The use of pyro-bolts for breaking power bonds during separation is impractical in a reusable system, and in pushers for a reusable system, it is required not only to release the rods to push the steps, but also to remove them.

Mounting the pusher on the power structure of the far wall with its passage through the wall of the head fairing closest to the central missile block makes it necessary to make an opening in the wall of the head fairing for the passage of the pusher. When the steps are separated, their divergence occurs not only along the vector of the axis of the initial position of the pusher, but also in other directions, especially in the plane passing through the axis of the steps. Therefore, the hole in the near wall, for the passage of the pusher, taking into account its movement during the separation when the steps move relative to each other, should be significant (and the greater, the greater the working stroke of the pusher), and this requires additional structural measures to overlap it, which is especially important for reusable steps. Otherwise, the pusher, in the place of its passage through the wall, will be affected by a transverse force, which bends the pusher and leads either to the destruction of the pusher or the wall, or significantly makes their construction heavier. The large length of the pusher (rod and cylinder), especially at the end of the rod (working in compression) out of the cylinder, reduces its stability and makes it heavier.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device for attaching and separating the stages of a launch vehicle of a packet scheme with the achievement of a technical result in the form of increasing reliability, reducing the weight of the structure and expanding the arsenal of technical means.

This problem is solved in that in the device for mounting and subsequent separation of the stages of the launch vehicle of the packet scheme, containing a pneumatic pusher, attachment points mounted on the separable parts of the carrier rocket of the packet scheme, a lock providing power connection of the steps before separation, in accordance with the invention , the pneumatic pusher for separating the stages of the launch vehicle is mounted on the power structure of the first stage, on the wall closest to the second stage, using a spherical pusher located on the front end of the cylinder hinge joint, inside of which there is a cylinder with a ball lock and a piston-retainer, when locking, using springs, balls of a ball lock, on a power pin fixed to the second stage and inserted into a spherical hinge.

In this case, the pusher cylinder, which is also the accumulator of the working fluid pressure, has an additional cavity for retracting the rod, and an additional rod with a small stroke and crackers mounted on the axles in the rod wall with care into the grooves made in the wall of the pneumatic cylinder from the side are mounted in the pusher rod its inner surface, abutting in the recesses of the cylinder of the pusher and held in this position by the profiled surface of the power pin.

Further, the proposed device is explained in more detail using schematic drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a device for attaching and subsequently separating the stages of a launcher of a packet scheme made according to the "pin-socket" scheme, which accepts longitudinal, tangential and radial loads, in Fig. 2 shows the relative position of the PH steps relative to each other, at different points in the process of their repulsion during separation. Figure 3 shows the initial state of the pusher before the separation of the steps. Figure 4 shows the pushing of the steps to half the stroke length of the pusher and the full stroke of the pusher.

The device for fastening and subsequent separation of the side block with the central block of the launch vehicle (PH) of the packet circuit consists of a pusher including a cylinder 1 with a rod 2 (Fig. 1) having rotary crackers 3, a small rod 4, a spherical hinge 5 with a ball lock and piston-retainer 6, the power housing 7 of the spherical hinge mounted on the structure of the first stage 8, on the wall closest to the second stage, a power pin 9 mounted on the structure of the second stage 10, and a valve system.

A device for mounting and subsequent separation of the side unit with the Central unit operates as follows.

Before the steps are joined, the pressure is supplied to the cavity 11, the piston-retainer 6, compressing the springs 12, moves and releases the balls 13, allowing the power pin 9 to be inserted into the spherical hinge 5.

When docking, the power pin 9 of the second stage is inserted into the spherical hinge 5 of the pusher cylinder, spreading crackers 3 so that they fit into the grooves made in the inner surface of the cylinder 1, after which the pressure from the cavity 11 is released, the piston-retainer springs returns to its original position and locks the balls on the pin. The compressed gas is filled with cavity 14 of the pusher cylinder to the required pressure.

The rod 2 through the crackers 3 abuts against the inclined ends of the grooves made in the inner surface of the cylinder 1 and into the profiled side surface of the power pin 9, and the small rod 4 abuts against the end face of the power pin. Thus, at the time of separation, the additional load on the ball lock from the pressure in the pusher cylinder is significantly reduced, since it is transmitted only through the small rod 4.

To separate the steps, pressure is supplied to the cavity 11 of the lock cylinder, the piston-clamp, compressing the springs, moves, releasing the balls, the small rod pushes the power pin of the second stage out of the spherical hinge of the power case of the first stage, releases crackers and further pushing the steps is done by rod 2. After full the stroke of the rod 2, the pressure from the cavity 14 is transferred to the cavity 15, and the pressure from the cavity 14 is vented. Stem 2 is returned to its original state.

The repulsion process is illustrated in figures 2-4. The proposed device design "monitors" only the rod of the pusher the relative position of the stages of the pH relative to each other when pushing without bending and allows, if necessary, to increase the working stroke of the pusher.

The presence of a spherical hinge located on the front end of the pusher cylinder, the outer surface of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation in a support mounted on the power structure of the first stage, also allows you to combine in it:

- mount, perceiving longitudinal and tangential loads, made according to the "pin-socket";

- mount with ball lock, perceiving radial forces and providing a break in power connections during separation.

Thus, the fastening, separation and removal of the upper parts of the stages of the launch vehicle (LV) of the batch circuit using a system of rods (rods), pushers, devices that perceive longitudinal, tangential and radial forces, and pyro means of breaking the power connections, is replaced by a single unit that performs the above features.

This design with the combination of functions allows to reduce the mass of the structure, conduct its autonomous testing and carry out reliable control during manufacture and testing, which increases the reliability of the structure.

Claims (3)

1. A device for mounting and subsequent separation of the stages of the launch vehicle of the batch scheme, containing a pneumatic pusher, attachment points mounted on the separable parts of the launch vehicle of the batch scheme, a lock providing power connection of the steps until they are separated, characterized in that the pneumatic pusher for separating the stages of the rocket it is mounted on the power structure of the wall closest to the second stage with the help of a pusher located on the front end of the cylinder, a spherical hinge, inside of which there is a cylinder with a ball ball and piston-retainer, when locking the docking, using springs, balls of a ball lock on a power pin mounted on the second stage and inserted into a spherical hinge. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional rod with a small stroke and crackers are mounted in the rod of the pusher, which can swing on the axes in the rod wall with care in grooves made in the wall of the pneumatic cylinder from the side of its inner surface, abutting the recesses pusher cylinder and held in this position by the profiled surface of the power pin. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder of the pusher has an additional cavity for retracting the rod.

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