RU2516023C2 - Plant for tests of external exposures and method of its use (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing equipment.SUBSTANCE: proposed group of inventions relates to devices and methods for testing of external exposures. The plant comprises a table with a tabletop, a unit to provide external exposures, a unit of automation and a chamber. At the same time the chamber is made at least with one detachable volume part made of two layers of metal separated by a layer of heat insulation, and a stationary part in the form of a grid, arranged in a window made in the table surface, and surrounded by a double contour of elastic sealing, matching in shape with the opposite double contour of elastic sealing on the surface of the end of the detachable part with the possibility of tight connection of chamber parts, the unit of provision of external exposures is located under the table and connected to the chamber with an air duct. Also the plant is equipped with a heat insulation insert of the detachable part of the chamber, which is made metal, and parts of the chamber are additionally tightened by locks. The method to perform tests of objects using a plant for testing of external exposures, according to which the test chamber with the insert is located above the tested object located on the grid of the stationary part of the chamber, at the same time they combine responsive surfaces of the detachable and stationary parts of the chamber equipped along perimeter with seals, and parameters of the test object are measured under external exposures.EFFECT: expanded capabilities of plant use, reduced energy consumption, acceleration of tests.11 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Installation for testing for external influences and the method of its use are intended for testing various products and research of biological objects, electronic products under the influence of temperature, moisture, pressure, gas, aggressive environment and their combinations. Such tests are carried out during the production of products and their verification of compliance with the established requirements for resistance to climatic and other external influences, as well as to study the properties of these objects under external influences. Using the claimed setup allows you to determine the dependence of the characteristics and parameters of objects under external influences without moving the objects of research (measurements) into a special test chamber after examining their properties under normal conditions without changing their initial position, which is sometimes required for the purity of the experiment and proximity to the environment .

Prior art

Currently, various installations with test chambers are widely used in industrial production and in scientific research, which fulfill the necessary requirements when testing objects for external influences.

All of them provide for the movement of the object in a special cabinet with a test chamber, where tests and corresponding measurements of the parameters of interest take place. Such stationary cameras have been manufactured for many years by well-known world leading manufacturers such as ESPEC (TABAI) (Japan), BINDER GmbH (Germany), FEUTRON GmbH (Germany), TIRA GmbH (Germany), DZX Test Equipmen (China), TERCHY (Taiwan) , LLC "ZIKO" (Russia). Cameras of well-known manufacturers provide for the need to move (place) the test object inside the chamber through a door equipped with a sealant. For testing objects of different sizes, cabinets with cameras of the appropriate size are used, and all communications that ensure the operation of the object are fed through the camera's gateways. This approach leads to the fact that installations with large-sized cameras are used to test small objects, which leads to an overconsumption of energy and energy sources, an increase in time to create the required conditions in a large volume, which unreasonably increases the test time, because the measurement time of the parameters is much shorter than the time required to establish the required mode. If it is necessary to test a large object, a replacement of the installation is generally required. In general, climate tests are an integral part of testing facilities for external influences.

Other technical solutions are known that allow testing for external influences, in particular, a mobile climatic chamber designed for testing rail vehicles operating in various climatic conditions according to patent EP 1760447 "Mobile climatic chamber". According to this invention, the climatic chamber consists of an assembly insulating unit and contains an air conditioner that creates the necessary climatic conditions inside the chamber. The insulation block is assembled from polyurethane sandwich panels or polystyrene foam blocks, while the elements can be fastened together using a spike and a groove. The insulation block is assembled and disassembled inside the portal and is "built up" over the test object placed in the portal. After testing, the insulation block is disassembled into its constituent elements. This device will allow testing large objects that do not fit in stationary chambers, but it does not solve the problem of testing within the framework of a single device that does not contain air conditioning (exposure device). There is also known a device for thermal tests and a method for conducting thermal tests according to patent EP 2322908 "Thermal testing device and method". The technical result of this invention is the ability to fully provide thermal testing of individual parts of the test sample (for example, parts of the aircraft structure). The result is ensured by the use of a flexible insulating thermal casing in the device, namely, a multilayer fabric "shroud", which is worn on the test object or part thereof. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of ensuring absolute tightness of the housing, the inability to ensure the immobility of the tested device and the hard life support systems and / or paths supplied to it. Compared with stationary climate chambers (test installations), these designs have more capabilities and allow testing with larger objects than those that are commonly used. However, they have their limitations, in particular, they do not ensure the maintenance of very high and very low temperatures (above + 50 ° C and below -50 ° C) due to the design features due to the difficulties of sealing, and for testing in aggressive environments in general not applicable.

In known inventions, flexible paths and / or wires are usually used to take / measure the required parameters, the length and shape of which are not significantly limited, but often for testing and / or carrying out measurements and / or life support of an object, rigid rigid and / or semi-rigid paths (for example, rigid / semi-rigid coaxial paths, waveguides and glass tubes), which must be rigidly fixed and whose length should not vary depending on the need for escheniya object in a test climate chamber (as occurs in the case of glass tubes through which the supply / operation of the life support system of a biological object or, for example, in the case of microwave object when the phase stability of the (electrical length) in the tests / measurements should be provided).

Modern production and scientific research put forward requirements for the study and testing of objects whose movement from the initial position, fixed in the initial conditions, is unacceptable. In addition, the sensors brought to the object of research should not move, and communications should not move and their length should not change. Known technical solutions do not ensure the fulfillment of these requirements, but the claimed design of the installation for testing for external influences with a removable part of the camera meets these requirements.

In addition, if it is necessary to carry out climate tests for objects of different sizes, as a rule, stationary cameras of appropriate sizes are used to ensure that the chamber volume corresponds to the dimensions of the test object, while the cameras themselves are inseparable from the design, which includes aggregates for influencing the test objects. This leads to the need to have / acquire many installations with cameras of cameras of various sizes with increasing / decreasing sizes of test objects.

Disclosure of the invention.

The claimed inventions are aimed at solving the problem of creating a test installation for external impact testing with a removable part of a wide-purpose camera, which allows initially in normal working conditions convenient for research (sitting at a table with communications of any complexity and a large volume of instrumentation) necessary studies and measurements (control measurements), after which, without changing the position of the object and communications due to the test room The object in the camera with a removable part of the required volume, create the required external influences (heat, cold, humidity, pressure, etc.). The solution allows expanding the possibilities of using the same installation for testing objects of various sizes (it is not necessary to change the entire installation, it is enough to replace the removable part of the camera with a similar but necessary size / shape corresponding to the required range of sizes of the test objects), and implement a method for conducting these tests.

The use of interchangeable removable parts of the camera reduces material consumption, because instead of several installations, one installation with a set of removable parts of cameras of the desired size or shape is required. In addition, the device makes it possible to change the volume of the working part of the camera, including changing the volume of even the removable part of the camera, and in addition to normalizing the test conditions for stationary objects, it reduces energy consumption due to the fact that not only an excess volume is exposed to external influence, but only necessary and sufficient to accommodate the test object. An additional result of the claimed inventions is to reduce the time of testing under external influences due to the exclusion of operations associated with the need to move the object, reconnect wires, paths and / or life support systems to it, and the installation’s operating time is reduced (for example, the smaller the additional volume , the faster the required temperature is established - low or high relative to the ambient temperature). The solution allows you to achieve the purity of the experiment when comparing the parameters of the object before external exposure and after exposure, leaving the object motionless in all three states. These advantages allow us to consider the claimed solution is very effective in many ways.

The inventive design of the installation for testing for external influences with a removable part of the camera (Fig. 1) is an installation for testing for external influences, consisting of a table with a tabletop, a unit for providing external influences, a measurement automation unit, a camera (the listed features are common with the signs of known technical solutions - of the majority of test installations for external influences), while this installation is distinguished from others by the design of the chamber, which consists of two parts - from a stationary part and a camera located on the tabletop, and a removable part of the camera in the form of a semi-enclosed volume open on one side with the possibility of combining the end face of the removable part and the stationary part of the camera on the tabletop (1) of the desktop.

The stationary part of the chamber consists of a grating (2) surrounded by a double contour of an elastic seal (3). The grill is located in a window carved into the table top. From below, an air duct is connected to the grate to influence the object.

The research object is fixed on the grating (2), a removable part of the chamber (4) is placed on top of the object, equipped with a perimeter elastic sealing system with a response system (contour / circuits) of the seal on the table surface in order to seal the junction of the seal of the removable part of the chamber (5) and stationary parts of the chamber around the perimeter of the seal (3). Under the worktop are units that ensure the operation of the unit (6), in particular, units for providing external influences (heat, cold, steam, gases, etc.) and, possibly, a test automation system. The necessary wires, paths, tubes, supplied to the object, pass between the elastic seals of the removable and stationary parts, providing a sealing chamber.

The claimed solution in the form of a design device for a test installation with a removable part of the camera can be implemented in two installation options - with a change in the working volume of the camera due to a change in the actual volume of the removable part of the camera by replacing it and / or with a change in the working volume of the camera due to the use of an insert in the camera changing the working volume of the camera. The liner is made smaller than the removable camera, make it, for example, of metal (aluminum or stainless steel) or other material resistant to external influences, and provide it with an additional layer of thermal insulation, placed between the outer layer of the liner and the inner layer of the removable part of the camera, which allows not only to reduce the working volume of the chamber, but also to provide additional thermal insulation, and consequently, faster access to the required mode of external influences and reduction of energy consumption. For certain types of tests, the liner can generally be made only of thermal insulation (without a metal part) with a recess of the required shape and volume.

In addition to the two design options for the test installation, two methods of testing using the variants of these designs corresponding to them, which represent the procedure for performing actions on the test object for external influences in the declared test installations, are declared. In both cases, the test object is placed on a grid, possibly fixed, while the necessary communications and / or paths, wires, tubes for life support (depending on the object) are connected to it. Probably taking measurements under normal / initial conditions. After that, the object is covered with a camera (according to the first embodiment) or a camera with a liner placed in it, external influences are carried out using units of the external impact unit, measurements are taken at the indicated impacts using the measurement automation unit. After the end of the action of external influences, measurements can be made repeatedly.

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1. General view of the test setup in preparation for testing without an installed removable part of the chamber.

Figure 2. General view of the installation with the removable part of the camera installed.

Figure 3. General view of the installation with a removable part of the camera and the liner in the context.

The implementation of the variants of inventions.

The claimed solution for the device of two installation options for testing for external influences can be implemented as follows.

The installation consists of a table with a tabletop (1), a unit for providing external influences, a measurement automation unit, a camera with removable and stationary parts, in the first version of the device, they are equipped with at least one or several removable parts of the camera of different sizes and / or different shapes ( 4) with the possibility of placing them on the surface of the table (automatically or manually) or in the second embodiment, the devices are equipped with at least one or more removable parts of the camera of different sizes and / or different shapes (4), at least with about a day insert or a set of inserts of various shapes and / or sizes with the possibility of placing them in both versions on the table surface (automatically or manually). In both methods, the removable part of the chamber (4) along the perimeter of the elastic seal (3) passing in the lower part of the chamber is combined with the corresponding elastic seal (5) of the stationary part of the chamber, sealing, and the parts are pulled together if necessary, for example, locks (7) (a special case - in the form of latches), which can be located around the perimeter or on opposite sides.

Before that, a test object is placed on the surface of the grating and, if necessary, measurements are taken, and after lowering the chamber and corresponding sealing, they are exposed to it using the aggregates of the external impact unit and again measurements are taken using the measurement automation unit. Figure 2 shows the removable part of the chamber (4) connected to the stationary part for testing. The removable part of the chamber, like other well-known cameras of other manufacturers, is a two-layer metal structure (using aluminum and / or stainless steel), while the gap between the layers is filled with a layer of thermal insulation (for example, of foamed polyurethane), sufficient in thickness to provide the necessary external impact - the preservation of heat, cold. The shape of the removable part of the camera can be any (hemisphere, cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, truncated pyramid, etc.), and it is determined only by the requirements of the tests and the shape of the test object, as well as size.

Initial testing of the object can be carried out under normal environmental conditions when it is placed (fixed) on the surface of the countertop (1) without attaching a removable part of the camera (4). After these measurements, the removable part of the camera (4) is placed on the stationary part of the camera, external influences on the object are carried out in the chamber volume using units of the external influences unit (6), and the results (parameters) of measurements are recorded automatically by the measurement automation unit under various conditions created units of the block of external influences (6) without moving the test object, including both after measurements under normal conditions, and after measurements under artificially created conditions ovia.

According to the second variant of the invention, the design of the installation for testing for external influences in order to change the working volume of the chamber is completed with not only at least one removable part of the chamber (4), but also with at least one insert (8) equipped with an insulating gasket placed between the removable part of the camera and with the possibility of their joint location on the stationary part of the camera (automatically or manually), with the further connection of the parts of the loops of the elastic seal (3) and (5), and sealing the connection, if necessary These additional parts of the chamber can be pulled together by locks (7) (for example, in the form of latches or clips of known designs) around the perimeter. The seal perimeter of the removable part of the chamber (3) and the outer perimeter of the stationary part (5) of the chamber coincide, providing the necessary sealing. In FIG. Figure 3 shows an example of a removable chamber for testing when the volume of the chamber changes due to the insert, and the internal working volume of the chamber changes due to the use of one of the inserts of the set of inserts of the set of inserts (8) of different volume and shape in accordance with the requirements and size of the test object. In this case, the insert (8) can be of any geometric shape (including a different one from the shape of the chamber), it is provided with a heat-insulating gasket (9), for example, of foamed polyurethane filling the space between the insert and the inner wall of the chamber, while the inner surface of the gasket repeats the shape of the outer surface of the liner, adjacent to it closely, and the outer surface of the gasket repeats the shape of the inner surface of the chamber, also adjacent to it closely. From below, the gasket horizontally adjoins the grating surface, and the lower edge of the liner adjoins the grating surface (it can also be provided with cutouts for communications if necessary) or slightly higher than the surface of the grating — higher than the height of the communications brought to the object, supported by the weight of the elastic gasket or supported by the stand appropriate height. To optimize the test process in the chamber to change its volume, insert the insert of the required size with the appropriate gasket. The presence of gaskets provides additional thermal insulation, which is important when testing at ultra-low and ultra-high temperatures. In certain types of tests, liners made only of a heat-insulating material (for example, polyurethane foam) can be used, without a metal part (the case when the liner itself is formed from a heat-insulating material). The elastic seal can be made of silicone.

The claimed solution for both options for the design of the camera has the following distinctive features of the implementation:

1) the test object does not move relative to the initial position in which, for example, measurements of its parameters were carried out under normal conditions;

2) when creating simulating external influences when placing an object inside the chamber or insert, it is not necessary to disconnect and / or change the dimensions of communication devices and paths that remain in place, and the sealing is created by an elastic sealing system between which the wires and / or pass through paths and / or tubes, while the well-known cameras for this have appropriate gateways, which leads to difficulties in creating ultra-high or ultra-low temperatures with respect to the normal ambient temperature;

3) the volume of the removable part of the camera and / or insert is selected in accordance with the dimensions of the investigated object;

4) the size of the removable part of the chamber, its seal and the counter sealing system (sealing) are selected according to the size of the test object with a constant perimeter of the seal;

5) after testing, the object remains in its original position (without moving).

The design of the liner with a gasket can have independent significance, be used both with climatic / test installations known from the prior art, and in conjunction with any of the embodiments of the invention.

When implementing variants of the methods of testing for external influences using the claimed devices, the test object is installed on the window grill (2) of the stationary part of the chamber in the countertop (1), the necessary communications are connected to it, and measurements and testing of the object are carried out in the initial normal conditions. Next, the object is covered with a removable part of the chamber (4) of the required size (according to the first embodiment) or a removable part of the chamber (4) and an insert (8) (according to the second variant), sealing is made along the perimeter of the grating of the stationary part of the chamber when connecting the seals (3) and ( 5), for example, additionally using mechanical clamps, latches (7) and / or in another known manner, then the units of the external impact unit (6) are turned on, which provide the external impact mode, and a program for automatic control and registration of the test process. After testing in the external action mode, the removable part of the camera (4) is removed, and the object is again in its original position and under normal conditions, the object and communications remain motionless in all three states (before the tests, during and after them). The difference between the second variant of the method and the first lies only in the fact that an insert is placed inside the removable chamber before testing.

The removable part of the chamber is a two-layer metal “cap” (made of stainless steel or aluminum), the space between the metal layers is filled with foamed polyurethane foam or other suitable insulating material, the shape of the edge of the counter part of the removable part of the chamber coincides with the shape of the counter part of the stationary part of the chamber, both parts are provided a system of elastic seals around the perimeter (for example, two-layer) to provide sealing and passage of wires, paths, tubes, depending on the test object tany. The sealing contour system (3) and (5) according to the claimed inventions is standard and is a double contour of a flexible elastic seal on the chamber side and on the table side, for example, made of silicone, and its thickness should be sufficient to create a good seal taking into account the thickness of between communication sealing layers, for example, if the thickness (diameter) of communications is less than 10 mm, then the thickness of the seal should be about 10 mm on each side, they do not make special recesses for communications. If the thickness (diameter) of communications is more than 10 mm, then the thickness of the seal must be more than 10 mm on each side, and with very thick paths make special notches for communications in order to ensure a more tight fit of the seal. The seal material can vary depending on the type of test and meet the requirements of elasticity at low or high temperatures, be resistant to aggressive environments. In addition, the seal passing along the end face of the removable part of the chamber and the seal of the stationary part can form a cage fastening them together hermetically.

The stationary part of the camera has a grill mounted in the window of the countertop of the desktop. The grill has a load capacity corresponding to the weight of the test object. In the lower part, the table can also be equipped with a frame, possibly on wheels, on which the indicated aggregates of impact blocks (7) are installed, which ensure the operation of the installation (in particular, heat, cold, steam, gas, and other aggregates are used), and a unit for automation of measurements and testing. The lower part of the table with the frame can be provided with grilles for safety reasons.

Industrial applicability.

Installation for testing for external influences with a removable part of the chamber can be made of known materials, by known methods, based on a conventional laboratory table with a worktop (1), for example, steel. Installation options and variants of the claimed methods can be used for research and testing of microwave devices with high requirements for phase characteristics during their production, for example, in the production of transceiver modules active phased arrays (AFAR), as well as for the study and research of some biological objects for which movement is unacceptable to place them in conditions of external influences, disconnection from life support systems is unacceptable. Tests of installations and methods in accordance with the claimed inventions showed the stability of the electrical length of the paths during testing in the temperature range from -70 ° C to + 180 ° C. The maximum temperature deviation from the set value in the steady state was ± 1 ° C. The unevenness of heating or cooling, the rate of temperature change, power consumption, noise level when using the installation are determined by the characteristics of the unit's units to ensure external influences. The tests carried out confirm the fulfillment of the task, which indicates the conformity of the claimed technical solution with the patentability requirement “industrial applicability”.

Claims (11)

1. Installation for testing for external influences, consisting of a table with a tabletop, an external impact unit, an automation unit and a camera, characterized in that the camera is performed with at least one removable volumetric part made of two metal layers separated by a layer thermal insulation, and the stationary part in the form of a lattice located in a window made on the table surface and surrounded by a double elastic seal contour, matching in shape with a counter double elastic seal contour on top If the end face of the removable part with the possibility of hermetically connecting the parts of the chamber, the external impact unit is placed under the table and connected to the chamber by an air duct. 2. Installation for testing for external influences according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal passing along the end face of the removable part of the chamber and the seal of the stationary part form a cage fastening them together hermetically. 3. Installation for testing for external influences according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the chamber are supplemented with locks that tighten them together along the perimeter of the seals. 4. Installation for testing for external influences, consisting of a table with a tabletop, an external impact unit, an automation unit and a camera, characterized in that the camera is performed with at least one removable volumetric part made of two layers of metal separated by a layer thermal insulation, and the stationary part in the form of a lattice located in a window made on the table surface and surrounded by a double elastic seal contour, matching in shape with a counter double elastic seal contour on top The end face of the removable part, made with the possibility of hermetically connecting the parts of the chamber, is provided with at least one heat-insulating liner of the removable part of the chamber, while the external impact unit is placed under the table and connected to the chamber by an air duct. 5. Installation for testing for external influences according to claim 4, characterized in that the liner is made of metal. 6. Installation for testing for external influences according to claim 4, characterized in that the seal passing along the end face of the removable part of the chamber and the seal of the stationary part form a clip fastening them together hermetically. 7. Installation for testing for external influences according to claim 4, characterized in that the parts of the chamber are supplemented with locks tightening them together along the perimeter of the seals. 8. The method of testing objects using the installation for testing for external influences according to claim 1, characterized in that the test chamber is placed above the test object located on the lattice of the stationary part of the chamber, while the mating surfaces of the removable and stationary parts of the chamber are equipped with perimeter seals, and measure the parameters of the test object in the mode of external influences. 9. The method of testing objects according to claim 8, characterized in that the parts of the chamber are additionally pulled together. 10. The method of testing objects using the installation for testing for external influences according to claim 4, characterized in that the test chamber with the liner is placed above the test object located on the lattice of the stationary part of the chamber, while the reciprocal surfaces of the removable and stationary parts of the chamber are combined equipped with seals around the perimeter, and measure the parameters of the test object in the mode of external influences. 11. The method of testing objects according to claim 10, characterized in that the parts of the chamber are additionally pulled together.

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