RU2514861C1 - Lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: lock is equipped with a key for opening and comprises a body, a drum and a grip. The body and the drum are equipped with threaded holes with pins installed in them and arranged coaxially along the circumference along the axis to form a secret mechanism. The drum is installed in the body as capable of rotation around its axis, the grip is rigidly installed in the body, and in the grip and in the drum there are cuts for the shaft. Each pin comprises at least three parts: one part is stepped, interacting with a key, another one is the middle one with the possibility of fixed variation of length, the third part is the rear cylindrical one. One of the rear pins is spring-loaded, on the second and third parts of the pins there is a thread for interaction with thread in holes of the body and drum, besides, the diameter of thread in the holes made in the body of the lock and in the drum is more than the diameter of the thread made on pins. In the body there is a bore for the rear spring-loaded pin. All middle pins are made in the form of a stepped shaft, on several rear pins there is a bore. The spring-loaded rear pin is made without thread and is also bored, on the middle pins there is also a bore, similar to the bored rear pins. The rear bored pins and the middle bored pins are installed into holes of the body and the drum for interaction between them by means of bored diameters, made with identical size.EFFECT: increased security properties of a lock and its reliable protection.10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to locks and can be used in vehicles as a shaft stopper - an anti-theft device and as a lock for protecting rooms.

Known shaft stopper with a locking mechanism to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2324610 (publ. 05/20/2008). The shaft stop is equipped with a key for unlocking the locking mechanism and consists of a housing, a drum and a gripper. The housing and the drum are provided with pins located coaxially around the circumference along the axis with the formation of the locking mechanism. The drum is mounted in the housing with the possibility of rotation around its axis. The grip is rigidly mounted in the housing. In the grip and in the drum cutouts are made under the lockable shaft. A central cylindrical hole is made in the drum, into which a spring-loaded step piston is installed, which interacts with the pins of the end and cylindrical parts. Each pin consists of at least three parts. One part is stepped, interacting with a key, the other is a composite of a cylinder and a rod with the possibility of a fixed change in length, and the last is cylindrical, interacting with a piston. The last part of the pins is made stepwise, except for one pin, which is made cylindrical. The stepped pins are mounted with a smaller diameter in the drum and a larger one in the housing. In this case, a part of the stepped pin with a smaller diameter of the pins is located both in the housing and in the drum.

To open such a lock with master keys, as certification has shown, is almost extremely difficult or almost impossible. In most cases, the locking mechanism is jammed, and with a rough effect on the pins - complete blocking.

The disadvantage of this design is the high complexity of manufacturing, namely the high accuracy of manufacturing the parts of the lock, in particular the piston and the interacting rear step pins and drum. If these conditions are not met, as shown by the practice of operating stoppers of this design, jamming of the locking mechanism and its complete blocking are possible. In working condition, it is impossible to remove the locking mechanism from the wedge. When installing such a stopper on a car in the form of an anti-theft device, this leads to extremely undesirable consequences and inconvenience, since unlocking the lock mechanism is possible only in one case - by cutting it off.

The closest in technical content is the lock to patent No. 2393100 (published on June 27, 2010), equipped with a key for unlocking this mechanism and consisting of a housing, a drum and a gripper, the housing and the drum are equipped with pins located coaxially along the circumference along the axis to form a secret mechanism moreover, the drum is mounted in the housing with the possibility of rotation around its axis, the grip is rigidly mounted in the housing, cuts for the blocked shaft are made in the grip and in the drum, each pin consists of at least three parts: one part is a step Atay, interacts with a key, the other - part of a cylinder and a rod with a fixed length change for keying the lock code, and the third - a spring-loaded. A thread is cut in the holes of the lock case and in the holes of the drum, a thread is also made on the middle and rear pins for interacting with threaded surfaces in the holes of the case and drum, and the diameter of the threads of the holes made in the lock case and in the drum is larger than the diameters of the threads made on medium and rear pins.

This design of the secret mechanism of the lock is the most resistant to criminal tampering and the most efficient compared to the above counterpart. This is due to design features, namely the presence of threaded holes in the housing and in the drum, which interact with the threaded surfaces of the middle and rear pins, blocking the latter when unauthorized exposure to the lock.

The disadvantages of this castle were identified in the practical use of it.

1. During operation of the lock, the length of some middle pins changes. This violates the lock code. This is due to the fact that it is impossible to control the fixation of the length of the threaded connection

2. A spring-loaded pin seizes due to the presence of a thread on its surface. It is easily opened with a master key.

3. It is possible to find the code position of the pins due to the fact that they all have the same diameter, which nevertheless allows them to be separated due to the presence of backlash in the lock mechanism.

The proposed invention solves the problem of improving the security properties of the castle and its reliable operation.

To achieve this technical result in the lock, equipped with a key for unlocking, and consisting of a housing, a drum and a gripper; the housing and the drum are provided with threaded holes with pins installed therein, arranged coaxially around the circumference along the axis to form a secret mechanism, the drum being mounted in the housing rotatably around its axis, the grip is rigidly mounted in the housing, cuts for the shaft are made in the grip and in the drum , each pin consists of at least three parts: one part is stepped, interacting with the key, the other is the middle with the possibility of a fixed change in length, the third part is the rear cylindrical and one of the rear the pins are spring-loaded, the threads for interacting with the threads in the holes of the housing and the drum are made on the second and third parts of the pins, the diameter of the threads of the holes made in the lock housing and in the drum is larger than the diameter of the threads made on the pins, the groove is made under the rear spring a pin, all the middle pins are made in the form of a stepped shaft, a groove is made on several rear pins, the spring-loaded rear pin is made without thread and also grooved, a groove is made on the middle pins, anal tech Rout rear pin, wherein the rear and middle pins Rout Rout pins mounted in the housing and drum openings for communication between a Rout diameters, made the same size.

Distinctive features of the lock are that a groove is made under the rear spring-loaded pin in the case, all the middle pins are made in the form of a stepped shaft, a groove is made on several rear pins, the spring-loaded rear pin is made without thread and also grooved, a similar groove is made on the middle pins, similar the grooved rear pins, the rear grooved pins and the middle grooved pins installed in the holes of the housing and the drum for interaction between the machined diameters made same size.

This design of the castle significantly increases its criminal resistance. This is due to a groove made on three middle pins, one of which is spring-loaded.

Consider this effect in more detail:

1. For criminal opening of the lock with master keys, it is necessary to move each of the pins to the code position.

2. This is possible with the transition of the middle and rear pins of the contact plane of the lock housing and the drum.

3. To determine the code position of the pin, it is necessary to create a torque so that the lock case rotates relative to the drum due to their play (which is present since the diameters of the pins are smaller than the diameters of the holes in which they are located), resulting in some of the rear pins squeezed drum and body. As a result of this, the rear and middle pins are displaced relative to each other and a step is formed - the pins become misaligned. This step is "tapped" - it is felt when the contact plane passes between the body and the drum, which allows you to determine the code position of the pins. Due to the step formed between the contacting surfaces of the ends of the middle and rear pins, the middle pin, when moving, rests against its end against the end of the drum, which is equivalent to entering a code. Using this algorithm, you can open the lock. The presence of threaded surfaces makes it difficult, but, as practice shows, allows this possibility.

4. In the proposed design of the lock, the middle pins with a machined diameter interact with the machined diameter of the rear pins. They cannot be clamped if the contact plane of the housing and the drum is between the large diameters of the middle and rear grooved pins. The rear pins will be clamped first, the diameters of which are not grooved and equal to the diameters of the non-groomed middle pins that interact with them. A potential cracker will start a criminal attack with them - there is no other option, since the rest of the pins are not tapped. Even if one of the machined rear pins, which interacts with the machined middle, is clamped, moving them will not work. There will be a transition from a larger to a smaller diameter, and the rear grooved pin will no longer be clamped. At the same time, its machined part will still be in the body of the castle body. It is almost impossible to move it to the code position; it is not tapped. With further movement, the machined part of the already middle pin will move to the drum body. But this position of the pins is not a code position. Moving the pins further, the attacker will move them all the way to the end face of the larger diameter of the middle pin. A groove at the ends of the middle and rear pins, interacting with smaller diameters, creates a dead zone that cannot be heard. The combination of grooved and not grooved pins and creates the above anti-criminal effect. He proved to be excellent in practice.

5. When you open the lock with a key, there is no torque when entering the latter, so the pins can easily be moved to the code position. After entering the key, unlocking is performed - rotation of the lock housing relative to the drum.

The proposed castle is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-8.

Figure 1 - shows a front view;

figure 2 is a General view in section AA;

figure 3 is a General view in isometric section AA;

figure 4 - view B in an isometric view is enlarged;

figure 5 is a front view, rotated;

figure 6 is a General view in section BB;

Fig.7 is an enlarged view of G;

in Fig.8 is an enlarged view of D;

figure 9 is a General view of the lock in the closed state on the shaft in isometric;

figure 10 is a General view of the castle in a state open on the shaft in isometry.

The lock (Figs. 1-10) is provided with a key 1. The lock consists of a housing 2, a drum 3 and a grip 4, a ring 5 (Fig. 6), as well as a turnkey pin 6 (Fig. 9), front pins 7, middle steps pins 8 (Fig. 8), middle step with a groove 9 (Fig. 7), rear pins 10 (Fig. 8), rear pins with a groove 11, rear pin 12 (Fig. 2-3) with two grooves, one under the spring 13 and crowns 14. Figures 1-10 show a shaft 15 for clarity of the operation of the castle.

In the coaxial holes of the housing 2 and the drum 3, a thread is cut. On all the middle pins and on all the rear pins except the pin 12 under the spring 13, a thread of a smaller diameter is made than a thread in the holes of the housing 2 and the drum 3.

The front pins 7 interact with the key 1. The middle pins 8, 9 interact with the front pins 7 and the rear pins 10, 11, 12 and form a secret mechanism. The diameters of the threaded holes in the lock case 2 and in the drum 3 are equal to and larger than the diameter of the thread made on the middle 8, 9 and rear pins 10, 11, 12. All the lock pins, except for the spring 13, which interact with the spring pin 12, can freely move in coaxial the holes of the housing 2 and the drum 3.

In the key 1, a groove is made for positioning the latter relative to the front pins 7, and a turnkey pin 6 is rigidly mounted in the housing for this (Fig. 9).

The grip 4 is rigidly mounted on the cylindrical part of the housing 2 and interacts with the drum 3, holding it from axial displacement by a ring 5 mounted on the drum 3. When the secret mechanism is unlocked, the drum 3 can freely rotate to the right of the housing 2 to the right or left. The grip 4 has such a cutout that allows the housing 2 when installing the lock in the open state on the shaft 15 together with the grip 4 to rotate about its axis relative to the drum 3 by thirty degrees to the right or left. With this rotation, the grip 4 fixes the shaft 15 in the groove of the drum 3 (Fig.9-10).

The lock with a secret mechanism operates as follows. Its working position must be front pins 7 down so that gravity, acting as a spring, moves all the non-spring pins down to the stop in the bottom of the holes in the housing 2. The lock is in the "open" state of Fig. 10, this means that the cutout of the drum 3 is aligned with the cutout of the gripper 4 so that the stopper can be freely put on the shaft 15 and removed from it. In the open state, the lock is put on the shaft 15 and rotates by hand for the housing 2 until the grip 4 stops in the shaft 15 (Fig.9). When the housing 2 is rotated, the coaxial holes of the housing 2 and the drum 3 are combined, as a result of which the rear pins 10,11,12 under the influence of their weight, and the spring-loaded pin 12 under the action of the spring 13 move to the stop of the front pins 7 in the bottom of the holes of the housing 2. There is a fixation drum 3 relative to the housing 2 - the lock position is “closed”. Lock installation with a secret mechanism is completed. In this position, the lock is securely fixed to the shaft 15 (Fig.9).

Unlocking the lock is as follows. The key 1 is inserted on the end of the housing 2, positioning along the pin 6 until it stops (Fig. 10), and moves the front pins 7, while the latter act on the middle pins 8, 9, and they, in turn, on the rear 10, 11, 12 , and all together move into the plane of contact between the housing 2 and the drum 3. After that, the housing 2 is turned by hand for the key 1 relative to the drum 3 until the grip 4 stops in the shaft 15 and is removed from the latter (Fig. 10). Next, the key 1 is removed from the end of the housing 2 and is removed. With further installation of the lock on the shaft 15, the key 1 is not required, it is only necessary when unlocking the secret mechanism of the lock.

The technical effect of the application of the proposed design of the lock is an absolutely effective system for protecting the lock mechanism from criminal opening and gross physical impact in comparison with similar devices.

The presence of grooves on several middle and rear pins and necessarily on a spring-loaded pin 12 virtually eliminates the possibility of criminal opening the secret mechanism of the lock, since it is not tapped. The manufacture of the middle pins in the form of a stepped shaft allows you to clearly fix the set of lock code when assembling it by removing part of the length of the small diameter step, which eliminates the possibility of changing the lock code, and therefore improves its quality and reliability.

Claims (1)

A lock equipped with a key for unlocking and consisting of a housing, a drum and a gripper; the housing and the drum are provided with threaded holes with pins installed therein, arranged coaxially around the circumference along the axis to form a secret mechanism, the drum being mounted in the housing rotatably around its axis, the grip is rigidly mounted in the housing, cuts for the shaft are made in the grip and in the drum , each pin consists of at least three parts: one part is a step interacting with the key, the other is the middle with the possibility of a fixed change in length, the third part is the rear cylindrical and one the bottom pins are spring-loaded, threads are made on the second and third parts of the pins for interacting with the threads in the holes of the housing and the drum, the diameter of the threads of the holes made in the lock housing and in the drum is larger than the diameter of the threads made on the pins, characterized in that the housing is made groove under the rear spring-loaded pin, all middle pins are made in the form of a stepped shaft, grooves are made on several rear pins, the spring-loaded rear pin is made without thread and also grooved, on the middle pins too a groove is made similar to the grooved rear pins, with the rear grooved pins and the middle grooved pins installed in the openings of the housing and the drum for interaction with each other with machined diameters made of the same size.

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