RU2513944C2 - Electromagnetic lift hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electromagnetic devices for percussion boring exploiting reciprocating hammer. Lift hammer comprises stator with excitation winding, percussion element, backstroke system and jacket. Stator consists of transverse rod carrying excitation winding and two lengthwise round-section rods with armature winding fitted thereon. Percussion element consists of hammer part, two external parts of said rods and connection webs. Said external parts of said rods feature variable cross-section the area of which equals the ratio of design magnetic flux at said section to design magnetic induction.

EFFECT: decreased magnetic resistance of magnetic circuit, higher traction, smaller number of winding turns, uniform magnetic saturation of all sections.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the section of construction and mining, and in particular to electromagnetic devices for impact drilling using a moving reciprocating impact element.

State of the art

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a direct-acting electromagnetic hammer containing a stator with an excitation winding, a shock element, a reverse system and a casing (see patent RU No. 2018652).

In the known hammer, the magnetic circuit has a significant non-magnetic part, consisting of a non-magnetic gasket between the magnetic section of the stator and the impact element and a working air gap, the size of which is comparable with the length of the stroke. This leads to a large magnetic resistance and leads to a limitation of traction and the need to increase magnetomotive force, and consequently, an increase in the number of turns of the field winding and the overspending of the winding wire. A non-magnetic gasket between the magnetic section of the stator and the shock element is not used to create traction, which also leads to its limitation. In addition, different windings are used for forward and reverse operation, which leads to inefficient use of the winding and additional over-expenditure of the winding wire. Not all sections of the shock element have a cross section whose area is equal to the ratio of the calculated magnitude of the magnetic flux in this section to the calculated value of magnetic induction, which leads to either oversaturation of the sections, or to excessive consumption of the ferromagnetic material and the weight of the hammer.

Disclosure of invention

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the efficiency of using ferromagnetic material, windings and reducing the consumption of winding wire.

The technical result consists in reducing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, using both non-magnetic sections separating the stator and the shock element to create traction, using the same winding for direct and reverse travel, increasing traction and reducing the number of turns of the winding, as well as uniform magnetic saturation of all sections of the shock element.

The technical result is ensured by the following set of features: a direct-acting electromagnetic hammer containing a stator with an excitation winding, a shock element, a reverse system and a casing, characterized in that the stator consists of a transverse rod on which the excitation winding is placed, and two longitudinal rods of circular cross section, on which the anchor winding is placed, the shock element consists of a shock part, two parts covering the longitudinal rods, and connecting jumpers, while covering the parts of the shock the element is made with a variable cross-section, the area of which is equal to the ratio of the calculated value of the magnetic flux in this section to the calculated value of magnetic induction.

The problem to which the invention is directed, and the technical result are interconnected as follows.

Reducing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, using both non-magnetic sections separating the stator and the shock element to create traction, using the same winding for direct and reverse travel, increasing the traction and reducing the number of turns of the winding, as well as uniform magnetic saturation of all sections the slider causes an increase in the efficiency of using ferromagnetic material, windings and a decrease in the consumption of winding wire.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In Fig.1 shows a direct-impact electromagnetic hammer, in Fig.2 - half of the covering part of the shock element.

The implementation of the invention

The invention can be implemented as follows.

For a direct-acting electromagnetic hammer containing a stator with an excitation winding, a shock element, a reverse system and a casing, the stator consists of a transverse rod on which the excitation winding is placed, and two longitudinal rods of circular cross section on which the armature winding is placed, the shock element covers the longitudinal the rods, while covering the parts of the shock element, are made with a variable cross-section, the area of which is not less than the ratio of the calculated magnitude of the magnetic flux in this section to the calculated value magnetic induction (see drawing).

Thus, the purpose of the invention — its use as a direct-acting electromagnetic hammer — is being realized.

Information confirming the possibility of obtaining a technical result during the implementation of the invention (a causal relationship of the essential features with the specified technical result) is as follows.

The stator is made up of a transverse rod, on which the field winding is placed, and two longitudinal rods of circular cross section, on which the anchor winding is placed, of the shock element covering the longitudinal rods, while the covering parts of the shock element are made with a variable cross section, the area of which is not less than the ratio of the calculated value magnetic flux in this section to the calculated value of magnetic induction, leads to a decrease in the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, use to create traction the efforts of both non-magnetic sections separating the stator and the shock element, the use of the same winding for direct and reverse motion, an increase in tractive effort and a decrease in the number of winding turns, as well as uniform magnetic saturation of all sections of the covering parts of the shock element.

Therefore, the set of essential features is sufficient to achieve the technical result provided by the invention.

Description of device design

For a direct-acting electromagnetic hammer containing a stator with a field winding 1, an impact element 2, a reverse system and a casing, the stator consists of a transverse rod 3, on which the field winding 1 is placed, and two longitudinal rods 4 of circular cross section on which the anchor winding is placed , the impact element 2 covers the longitudinal rods 4, while the covering parts 5 of the impact element 2 are made with a variable cross-section, the area of which is not less than the ratio of the calculated magnitude of the magnetic flux in this section to the calculated value of magnetic induction. Impact element 2 consists of an impact part 6, two parts 5, covering longitudinal rods 4, and a connecting jumper 7. The stator contains two rod guides. Guide rods are made of non-magnetic material. Impact element 2 is equipped with guide bushings 8, covering guide rods.

The hammer works as follows.

The field coil 1 creates a magnetic flux that is localized in the transverse rod 3, the first longitudinal rod 4, the impact element 2 and the second longitudinal rod. The magnetic flux in the working air gaps interacts with the current of the armature winding, as a result of which, in accordance with Ampere’s law, a tractive effort arises to accelerate the shock element. The magnetic flux in the working gaps is distributed evenly along the circumference of the longitudinal rods, therefore, all sections of the anchor winding under the pole are used to create traction.

Thus, the proposed direct-impact electromagnetic hammer, in contrast to the prototype, increases the efficiency of using ferromagnetic material, windings and reduces the consumption of winding wire.

The effectiveness of the proposed direct-impact electromagnetic hammer is due to its improved design.

Claims (4)

1. An electromagnetic hammer of direct action, comprising a stator with an excitation winding, a shock element, a reverse system and a casing, characterized in that the stator consists of a transverse rod on which the excitation winding is placed, and two longitudinal rods of circular cross section on which the anchor winding is placed , the shock element consists of a shock part, two parts spanning the longitudinal rods and a connecting jumper, while the spanning parts of the shock element are made with a variable cross section, the area of which is equal to the calculated magnitude of the magnetic flux in this area to the calculated value of the magnetic induction. 2. The hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator contains two rod guides. 3. The hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide rods are made of non-magnetic material. 4. The hammer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shock element is equipped with guide sleeves covering the guide rods.

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