RU2513777C1 - Bodily light swimwear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an individual means for practicing swimming in water and can be used in searching people suffering distress in water. The bodily light swimwear is made three-layered of layers of fabric, between the fabric layers there are plates of material with a low specific weight, which provide buoyancy.

EFFECT: in contrast to the known technical solutions the bodily light swimwear is equipped with hydroacoustic transponder placed in a clasp made in the form of a keychain.

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Description

The invention relates to individual means when practicing swimming on water and can be used in the search for those in distress on water.

Known bathing suit with positive buoyancy, which is characterized in that it is made of layers of fabric (RU No. 66904, 10.10.2007 [1]).

The disadvantage of this bathing suit is the use of layers of gas-tight fabric to obtain positive buoyancy due to gas - air or helium as a filler.

Also known is a bathing suit with positive buoyancy (application WO No. 2011/105933 A2, PCT RU No. 2011/000099, 02.22.2011, RU No. 2010016837, 02.24.2010 [2]), which is made in three layers - between the layers of fabric placed plates of isolon - material with a low specific gravity, which provide buoyancy. Moreover, the invention is aimed at improving the convenience of swimming in water for an unlimited time and not drown.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the limited use, mainly in the observed area, i.e. in a limited area.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the use of a bathing suit with positive buoyancy.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the swimwear with positive buoyancy is equipped with a sonar transceiver located in a clasp made in the form of a keychain, the sonar transceiver is connected via a sonar channel to a control point, and physiological parameters sensors are placed on the inner surface of the bathing suit with positive buoyancy connected to the transducer of measured analog signals corresponding to the values of the measured physiological pairs etrov converter measured analog signal information associated with hydroacoustic communication channel transmission code messages operate one hydroacoustic communication channel, wherein the transmitting pulses corresponding to one bit, separated in time.

To solve this problem, a swimming suit with positive buoyancy is proposed, which is made of fabric layers, between which plates of material with a low specific gravity are placed, which provide buoyancy, the fastener of which is made in the form of a keychain, with a sonar transceiver located on it, on the inner surface of the bathing sensors with positive buoyancy placed sensors of physiological parameters connected to the transducer of the measured analog signals corresponding to the values measured physiological parameters, the transducer of the measured analog signals is informationally connected with the hydroacoustic communication channel, the transmission of code messages is performed through one hydroacoustic communication channel, while transmitting pulses corresponding to one discharge, separated in time.

As in the prototype [2], using the plates you can adjust the buoyancy when learning to swim, and as the material of the plates can be used isolon with a thickness of 5-8 mm, which creates an additional buoyancy of 2-3 kg, which is quite enough for a person to constantly was on the surface of the water. In this case, the bathing suit can be made in the form of a continuous or separate swimsuit.

When performing a bathing suit in the form of a continuous suit, the clasp is made in the form of a keychain with a sonar transceiver located in it. When performing a bathing suit in the form of a separate swimsuit, the sonar transponder is placed in the decorative buckle of the bathing suit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1. Swimwear with positive buoyancy. 1 - fabric, 2 - fastener, 3 - decorative buckle.

Figure 2. Placing plates between layers of fabric. 4 - tissue layers, 5 - plates.

Figure 3. An example of the formation of a code package consisting of seven digits.

Figure 4. Functional diagram of the receiving device. The functional diagram of the receiving device consists of the following main nodes: amplifier-limiter 6, designed to amplify and normalize the signal received at the input of the receiver from the antenna; quadrature detection and filtering circuits, consisting of two multipliers 7 and 8, low-pass filters (LPF) 9 and low-pass filter 10, a variable frequency generator (GEN) 11 and decision-making circuit 12 about the presence of a useful signal at the receiver input; decoder 13 hydroacoustic digital information; control circuit 14 frequency generator GEN.

The swimwear with positive buoyancy, as in the prototype [2], is made three-layer - between layers 4 there are plates 5 made of a material with a low specific gravity, which provide buoyancy. Plate 5 can be removed to control buoyancy.

The use of isolon material with a thickness of 5-8 mm allows to improve the thermal insulation of the body in the suit, to avoid hypothermia.

A bathing suit can be worn over a regular swimsuit.

The bathing suit is equipped with a sonar transceiver connected via a sonar channel to a control point. Sensors of physiological parameters are placed on the inside of the bathing suit, connected to a transducer of measured analog signals corresponding to the values of measured physiological parameters, the transducer of measured analog signals is informationally connected to a radio channel and a hydroacoustic communication channel.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is as follows.

The bathing suit contains a transceiver of hydroacoustic signals with a transmitting antenna, as well as equipment installed at the control point.

The equipment installed at the control point contains a receiving antenna, mixers, amplifiers of the first intermediate frequency, first and second local oscillators, an amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, multipliers, narrow-band filters, amplitude detector, recording unit, delay lines, phase detectors, phase meters, motor, reference generator. This implementation of the system provides increased reliability of control over swimmers, as well as the detection and determination of their location in case of their inappropriate behavior.

The hydroacoustic antenna of the transceiver is oriented along eight points, and is made in the form of piezoelectric elements, and operating in the mode of receiving and transmitting signals. On the plates 5, a transceiver, a controller, and elements forming a hydro-acoustic communication channel (amplifier, encoder, decoder, command generator) are installed. Sensors of physiological parameters are placed on the inner surface of the bathing suit, connected to a transducer of measured analog signals corresponding to the values of the measured physiological parameters, the transducer of measured analog signals by sensors of physiological parameters is informationally connected to the hydroacoustic communication channel.

As sensors of physiological parameters, any sensors can be used, for example, meters of ECG potentials, temperature, pressure. In this case, the sensors of physiological parameters are tightly adjacent to the swimmer's body at the corresponding points on the body.

The main function of the transducer of the measured analog signals by sensors of physiological parameters is the conversion of the measured analog signals corresponding to the values of the measured physiological parameters into a serial binary code.

The hydroacoustic equipment located in a bathing suit provides reception and decoding of hydroacoustic commands for controlling the operating modes of physiological parameters sensors and the transmission of receipts confirming the execution of commands. The command format is binary ten-digit code, the modulation method used in transmitting commands is multi-frequency manipulation.

Each transceiver has a specific number assigned to a specific swimmer, which reduces the time to identify a person in distress on the water.

The hydroacoustic equipment located at the control point transmits control commands at a distance of up to 8 km and is designed to control operating modes by transmitting hydroacoustic control commands, receiving receipts from swimmers confirming the execution of commands and signals characterizing the physiological state of the swimmer, measuring ranges and bearings to swimmer, with subsequent determination of geographical coordinates and is equipped with hydroacoustic transceiver antennas corresponding to the mode of work and, a navigation controller, navigation math software and means for visualizing a swimmer’s location on a monitor.

The checkpoint can be located both in the coastal strip and on swimming facilities.

Reception and processing equipment of the checkpoint is intended for:

- transmission of control commands;

- receiving receipts for receiving and executing control commands;

- receiving digital telemetric information corresponding to the physiological state of the swimmer;

- measuring the distance to the swimmer and, on this basis, tracking his movement;

- display on the monitor and registration on a machine medium of the protocol of signal exchange with the swimmer;

- display on the monitor and registration on a machine medium of the received digital telemetric information.

In case of placement of relay buoys in the water area, relay buoys are connected to the radio modem and provide via the hydroacoustic communication channel:

- transfer of control commands;

- receipt of receipts for the reception and execution of control commands;

- reception of digital telemetric information.

Through relay buoys, sensors for measuring the physiological parameters of swimmers are turned on and digital telemetric information about recorded events is read, which provides:

- receiving control commands;

- transmission to the checkpoint of receipts for the receipt and execution of control commands;

- transmission to the checkpoint at the request of digital telemetric information;

- transition by command to the sonar beacon mode;

- transfer to the checkpoint information about the registered event.

The control signals and digital information are transmitted at one common operating frequency F = 17.96 Hz for all swimmers by the method of relative phase modulation with a modulation speed of V = 560 baud.

Separation of signals between swimmers is carried out by code methods. To do this, all swimmers in the network can be assigned serial numbers, “swimmer addresses,” which are transmitted as part of the control command signal.

Reception of a signal of a command of management is carried out by that swimmer whose address corresponds to the address transmitted as a part of a signal; other swimmers (with different addresses) do not respond to this signal from the control command. As part of the control command signal, in addition to the address of the called swimmer, the number of the control command to be executed is transmitted. The number of control commands transmitted to the transceiver of each swimmer is 31.

Control commands can be transmitted from a checkpoint or from a relay buoy, if any, will be located in the observed area.

The composition of the receipt signal transmits: the swimmer's address, the number of the received control command and the sign of execution or non-fulfillment of the received control command. The structure of the receipt signals is similar to the structure of the control command signal. In both cases, to increase the noise immunity of receiving control signals, a 6-fold retransmission of numbered code combinations of a self-synchronizing code (64.15) is detected, which detects errors.

Any exchange of control signals between the swimmer and the checkpoint is accompanied by the determination of the distance between the swimmer’s sonar antennas and the control station based on the measurement of the propagation time of the acoustic signal between them. The hardware error in measuring the propagation time of an acoustic signal does not exceed 1 ms.

Digital telemetry information is transmitted from the swimmer in 256 byte blocks.

To increase the reliability of the transmission of digital telemetric information in the equipment, redundant coding with a cyclic code (2072, 2048) is used in combination with the principle of retransmission of information blocks with detected errors by auto-request.

The hydroacoustic antenna of the transceiver is made of single-crystal piezoelectric elements from a material with a matrix of piezoelectric modules. Each single-crystal piezoelectric element is made in the form of a rectangular plate, in which the orientation of the rectangular plate is made with rotation relative to one of the crystallophysical axes.

As the plate material, lithium niobate or lithium tantalate can be used. When using a piezoelectric element made of these materials, an optimal combination of the maximum piezoelectric activity of the main vibration mode and the maximum anisotropy of the piezoelectric effect is ensured. A sharp increase in the anisotropy of the piezoelectric effect in the proposed materials allows to reduce the number of single-crystal piezoelectric elements in their assembly by 3-5 times, several times increasing the width of each piezoelectric element: from 0.1 to 1 mm and above. In turn, this facilitates the technology of preparation of ultrasonic transducers, and also simplifies electronic circuits for processing received ultrasonic signals due to the high impedance of the proposed crystals in the frequency range from 5 to 10 MHz and higher (an analog of a piezoelectric element is known from the description of patent RU No. 2105432) .

All elements and units placed on the swimmer are made on trace elements having industrial applicability.

Known methods for transmitting code messages in transmitting information often use methods with frequency hopping (Prokis John, Digital Communications, M., Radio Communications, 2000 - S.628-629 [1]), i.e. multilevel frequency manipulation methods (MFSK, i.e. M-ary frequency keying). The receivers of such systems consist of multi-channel receivers tuned to different frequencies. This leads to a significant complication of communication equipment.

In addition, the marine environment in which hydroacoustic signals propagate is characterized by significant spatio-temporal variability, which determines the special nature of the processes of transmission of acoustic waves. The peculiarity of signal propagation in the sea is manifested in the form of changes in the amplitude, phase, time and angles of arrival and other parameters of the hydroacoustic field at the receiving point. One of the most unpleasant phenomena occurring during the propagation of signals is reverberation and multipath, which ultimately manifests itself as a multiplicative noise, leading to fading. Such interference in the general case can significantly reduce the reliability of message reception.

One of the ways to effectively combat the deterioration caused by fading is the use of carrier signals with expansion in the spectral and temporal regions. In particular, in radio transmission systems, frequency hopping methods are often used, i.e. multilevel frequency manipulation methods (MFSK, i.e. M-ary frequency keying). The receivers of such systems consist of multi-channel receivers tuned to different frequencies. This leads to a significant complication of communication equipment.

The proposed technical solution uses only one channel for receiving digital information for all operating frequencies, which greatly simplifies the receiving device, and also provides increased noise immunity when transmitting hydroacoustic signals in conditions of multiplicative interference.

The principle of modulation of carrier signals, i.e. The signals that are used to transmit digital information via the sonar channel are as follows.

Each binary digit of digital data is associated with a signal, which is a rectangular pulse of duration, filled with its own, different from the others, carrier frequency. Moreover, logical “0” is assigned its own frequencies, logical “1” - its own. Thus, digital information is transmitted at different frequencies. The method of generating signals, for example, seven-bit binary code, is illustrated in Fig.3. Here the seven-digit word is transmitted by 14 different frequencies from F1 to F14. At the beginning of the transmission, a sync pulse F _syn . Now you can conditionally assign odd frequency numbers to a logical 0, and even numbers to a logical unit. Then if the first bit of the code is 0, then F1 is formed, if 1, then F2; if the second digit is 0, then F3 is formed, if 1, then F4, etc. and finally, if the seventh digit is 0, then F13 is formed, if 1, then F14. In order not to use two channels of the receiver, the channel of zeros and the channel of units, when transmitting data, it is possible to transmit pulses corresponding to one bit, separated in time. Consider the first discharge, if its value was 0, then after a time T from the beginning of the sync signal F _syn , a pulse with a frequency of F1 is formed, if the discharge value was 1, then a pulse with a frequency of F2 is formed in the wrong time section where a pulse with a frequency of F1 was formed, and later. The place where there should be a pulse with a frequency of F1 remains free. The same modulation method is used for subsequent bits.

An example of the formation of the parcel is shown in figure 3.

This principle of modulation of carrier signals with the simultaneous use of error-correcting coding can almost completely eliminate the influence of reverberation and multipath propagation of signals on the quality of information reception and greatly simplify the receiving path. Figure 4 presents the functional diagram of the receiving device.

The receiver is designed according to the scheme of the optimal quadrature detector of a radio pulse with a random phase, which allows to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and thereby improve the quality of reception, increasing the accuracy of range measurement.

In the absence of a useful signal, the receiver is in standby mode. The inputs of the multipliers 7 and 8 from the generator GEN 11 receive continuous reference voltage U _op with a frequency F _syn equal to the frequency of the synchronization pulse, phase-shifted relative to each other by 90 degrees. The passband of the low-pass filters 9 and 10 is chosen quasi-optimal. Decision making circuit 12 constantly analyzes, according to a given algorithm, the output voltage of the low-pass filter 9 and low-pass filter 10 us (t) and uc (t), respectively. After the arrival of the synchronization pulse with the frequency F _{syn, the} voltages us (t) and uc (t) will satisfy the specified decision criterion. The circuit will report this to the decoder 13 by applying a pulse to its input, the front of which corresponds to the moment the useful signal appears at the receiver input. The decoder 13, having fixed the appearance of this pulse, gives the command to the control circuit 14 to turn off U _op . The inputs of multipliers 7 and 8 receive a voltage equal to 0, and reception is not performed. After time T, after receiving the first pulse, the decoder instructs the control circuit 14 to turn on the reference voltages U _op with a frequency equal to the filling frequency of the first pulse of the information signal F1, which corresponds to the logical zero of the first discharge. If a signal with a frequency of F1 was received, then the decoder 13 decides to accept zero, and switches the frequency of the reference voltage to receive a signal with a frequency of F3 corresponding to the logical zero of the second bit of the command. If a signal with a frequency of F1 was not received, then the decoder 13 switches the frequency of the reference voltage to receive a signal with a frequency of F2 corresponding to the logical unit of the first bit, and, having accepted it, decides that a unit has been received. After that, the decoder 13 instructs the control circuit 14 to switch the frequency U _op to receive the second bit as well as after receiving the logical zero of the first bit. This procedure is repeated for each of the seven bits of the command, at which the frequency of the reference voltage U _op can vary from F1 to F14. The pause between receiving the command pulses, i.e. when the reference voltage is not supplied to the multipliers 7.8, it is equal to T _sec or 2T, depending on what logical value was assigned to each of the digits. If the information word has been completely received, then decoder 13 identifies it and sends it to the data buffer. Then, the decoder 13 switches the GEN again to receive the sync pulse F _syn and the reception of information words continues according to the above-described algorithm. The number of frequencies and the time T _code is selected greater than the correlation time of signal fading.

This principle of modulation of carrier signals with the simultaneous use of error-correcting coding can almost completely eliminate the effect of reverberation and multipath propagation of signals on the quality of information reception and greatly simplifies the receiving path.

The proposed technical solution can be used to control the actions of both single swimmers and groups engaged in scuba diving.

Information sources

1. RU No. 66904, 10.10.2007.

2. Application WO No. 2011/105933 A2, PCT RU No. 2011/000099, 02.22.2011, RU No.20106837, 02.24.2010.

Claims (1)

A swimwear with positive buoyancy made of three layers of fabric, plates of material with a low specific gravity are placed between the layers of fabric, which provide buoyancy, characterized in that the swimwear with positive buoyancy is equipped with a hydroacoustic transponder located in the fastener, the hydroacoustic transponder is connected by hydroacoustic physiological sensors are placed on the inner surface of the bathing suit with positive buoyancy their parameters, connected to the transducer of the measured analog signals corresponding to the values of the measured physiological parameters, the transducer of the measured analog signals is informationally connected to the hydroacoustic communication channel, the transmission of code messages is performed via one hydroacoustic communication channel, while transmitting pulses corresponding to one discharge, separated in time.

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