RU2513149C1 - Dental instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to dentistry, and aims at improving therapeutic hygiene, reducing injuries and enhancing operational ergonomics. What is presented is a dental instrument comprising a flexible metal plate with an abrasive coating and a free portion at a tip. The apparatus comprises a rigid bracket with the handle at a back edge attached to the plate tip through a joint. The bracket is parallel with the plate and freely moveable through a gap between the plate and the bracket of the dental crown. There is a ring at the other end of the plate in the same plane to insert a finger thereto. A rigid loop for a first finger is provided on the handle crosswise. The joint thickness above the plate is equal to the plate thickness with the joint edge adjoining the plate provided at a distance of 3-4 mm from a front edge of the plate. All angles of the plate tips are smoothed. A stop surface of the bracket handle is anti-skid.

EFFECT: using the dental instrument ensured by eliminating the necessity of introduce doctor's fingers into the patient's oral cavity, and reducing the time of the procedure, enables improving therapeutic hygiene, reducing injuries and enhancing operational ergonomics.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, in particular to devices for removing plaque from a tooth crown.

Often on the surface of the tooth enamel above its pellicle a dense plaque or plaque is formed, often brown in color with a rough surface. Plaque is localized on the cervical areas of the teeth above and below the gum, in the fissures and in the interdental spaces, which contain dead white blood cells, macrophages, epithelial cells. It is believed that plaque is formed due to the adsorption of microorganisms on the enamel surface. It has been established that a dental plaque adheres tightly to the tooth surface and contributes to the occurrence of a carious process [Melnichenko E.M. Prevention of dental diseases. Minsk, 1990. P.14-15]. Therefore, timely removal of plaque is a means of preventing dental caries and the development of other diseases in the oral cavity. Various strips and other devices are used to remove plaque, but they have drawbacks, which prompted us to develop a new, more appropriate dental tool.

A device for cleaning teeth and interdental spaces from plaque according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2420248, containing an elongated rod base, at the opposite ends of which there are massage and cleaning elements. The elongated rod base of the oval section has recesses applied evenly along the entire length. At one end of the base there is a wedge-shaped massaging element with a corrugated surface. The cleaning element and processes on it are made flexible.

The disadvantage of this device when treating a tooth from the side of the oral cavity is the need to insert the doctor’s fingers into the patient’s mouth, which is unhygienic and creates a risk of damage to the fingers on the sharp edges of pathologically changed teeth. The sharp ends and edges of the device can damage soft tissues in the oral cavity. The absence of signs of a decrease in the morbidity of the device does not contribute to the acceleration of the procedure and does not increase the ergonomics of the work.

Known for removing plaque strip production Intensiv SA in Switzerland. It is a metal plate with a one-sided diamond coating with a grain size of 40 (µm or 15 µm). The ends of such strips are perforated and not covered with diamond chips. The strip thickness is 0.05 mm, width 2.5 mm and length 80 mm. Such a strip allows you to contour and polish the crown, remove excess and overhanging edges of the crowns, and also create a fold in the proximal cavity areas for adhesive restorations [http://shop.simkodent.ru/products/1612].

The disadvantage of such strips is the need to insert the doctor’s fingers into the patient’s mouth to hold the inserted end of the strips in it, which is unhygienic for the patient and creates a risk of damage to the doctor’s fingers on the sharp edges of pathologically changed teeth. Due to the retention of the strips directly with your fingers, a significant length of the strips is required, which increases the cost of material for manufacturing and increases its cost. The absence of signs of a decrease in morbidity during the operation of such a strip does not accelerate the procedure.

Intensiv ProxoStrip is a double-sided diamond strip in the form of a metal plate with a diamond coating with a grain size of 40 μm or 15 μm, made with perforated ends for ergonomic retention. Its length of 80 mm simplifies the retention of strips during processing. The width of 2.5 mm, as well as the space free from diamond chips, protects the contact point from damage [http://shop.simkodent.ru/products/l612].

The disadvantage of this strip is the need to insert the doctor’s fingers into the patient’s mouth to hold the inserted end of the strip in it, which is unhygienic for the patient and creates a risk of damage to the fingers on the sharp edges of pathologically changed teeth. Such a strip is made with a considerable length for the possibility of holding it directly with your fingers, which increases the cost of material for manufacturing and increases its cost. The absence in the strip of signs of simplification of the retention of the abrasive coated plate does not reduce the time spent on performing the procedure when removing plaque and does not increase ergonomics of work, and the lack of signs of improving safety precautions does not contribute to reducing injuries.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is the device described by the latter, which we take as a prototype, and its disadvantages are described above.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the hygiene of the treatment, reduce the morbidity and increase the ergonomics of the work by eliminating the need to introduce the doctor’s fingers into the patient’s oral cavity and simplify the retention of the abrasive coated plate when removing plaque.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the dental tool contains a flexible metal plate with an abrasive coating and a free section on the working end. Moreover, the tool contains a rigid bracket with a handle on its rear end, connected by a knee to the working end of the plate and placed parallel to the plate with the possibility of free passage through the gap between the plate and the bracket of the tooth crown. At the same time, at the other end of the plate, in the same plane, a ring is made with the possibility of introducing a human finger into it, and on the handle, a rigid loop is made transverse to it under the first human finger.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the knee above the plate is equal to its thickness, and the edge of the knee near the plate is made at a distance of 3-4 mm from the front edge of the plate.

In another preferred embodiment, all corners of the ends of the plate are smoothed.

In a further preferred embodiment, the abutment surface of the handle of the bracket is anti-slip.

The essence of the technical solution and a specific example of the device are illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the device in the assembled state, side view. Figure 2 is the same, bottom view. Figure 3 is the same view from the working end. Figure 1-3 marked: 1 - plate; 2 - plate ring; 3 - the front edge of the plate; 4 - back section of the plate; 5 - front section of the plate; 6 - bracket; 7 - elbow connecting the plate to the bracket; 8 - handle staples with a thrust surface on the back surface; 9 - bending of the bracket; 10 - a rigid loop on the back surface of the handle 8; 11 - the middle part of the plate; 12 is a plot of the working end of the plate without an abrasive layer.

A specific example of using the device. In a patient with wide interdental spaces, brown plaque was found on the teeth of the lower row and rough dental plaques on the upper teeth. To remove plaque from the bottom row of teeth, the dentist’s second finger is inserted into the plate 2 ring, and the first finger into the loop 10, if necessary, the plate 1 is supported by the third finger from the bottom. The front edge of the plate 3 is inserted by pressing the first finger on the stop surface of the handle 8 and free from diamond chips section 12 into the interdental space and hold the plate 1 forward into the oral cavity, pressing the abrasive-coated side of the plate to plaque on the tooth crown. Then the second finger pulls the ring 2 onto itself, pressing the abrasive surface of the plate against plaque. Similar movements of the device back and forth are repeated until plaque is completely removed from the tooth crown. If necessary, bending the plate on the oval surface of the tooth with a finger advance the ring 2 of the plate forward relative to the loop 10, and to tighten the plate with a finger pull the ring 2 to the loop 10. After removing plaque, the device is removed from the oral cavity by pulling simultaneously on ring 2 and loop 10. To remove plaque from the upper row of teeth, the device is turned upside down with the lower edge of the plate and the procedure for removing plaque is similarly repeated.

The significance of the differences of the claimed device from the selected prototype is as follows. The presence of a stiff bracket connected by a knee to the working end of the plate and placed parallel to it provides the possibility of holding the plate with an abrasive coating in the interdental space, excluding the introduction of the dentist's fingers into the patient's oral cavity, which increases the hygiene of the procedure and eliminates finger injury on the sharp edges of the teeth. The device does not require a large length of the plate, since it excludes holding it directly with your fingers over large sections, as provided for by the known long strips. The presence of free space between the plate and the bracket creates the conditions for the free movement of the bracket over the surfaces of the tooth crowns when the plaque is removed by the plate. The execution of the knee with a thickness equal to the thickness of the plate, allows the knee to pass through the interdental gap and even through the contact point and placing the staples above the surface of the tooth crowns. The location of the knee edge at a distance of 3-4 mm from the front edge of the working end of the plate facilitates the first passage of the working end of the plate into the interdental space under the contact point without abrasive coating. Subsequent passage of the knee through the contact point reduces the tensile stress of the plate. Advancing the plate by pulling the bracket over the working end reduces the risk of deformation of the plate. The execution on the other end of the plate in the same plane of the ring with the possibility of introducing a human finger into it allows you to more reliably, easily and quickly pull the plate out of the mouth and control its tension relative to the bracket. The presence of a rigid loop under the dentist’s first finger on the back surface of the handle end and transversely behind the plate ring simplifies the retention of the working end of the plate outside the patient’s oral cavity while advancing the plate through the interdental space and eliminates the need for the dentist’s fingers to enter the patient’s mouth. The presence of a ring on the plate and a rigid loop on the handle of the bracket with the possibility of fingers extending the ring and loop allows you to bend the plate to more accurately direct the abrasive surface to plaque in its different locations. The smoothness of all corners of the plate reduces the likelihood of damage to the soft tissues of the patient’s mouth and the doctor’s hands. The implementation of the persistent surface of the handle of the anti-slip staple reduces the likelihood of finger slipping, increasing the quality and reliability of working with the device. The relative position of the plate, staples, rings and loops in the proposed design ensures reliable retention of the dental instrument and its removal of plaque from the teeth of both the upper and lower rows.

Thus, the claimed dental instrument, eliminating the need for introducing the doctor’s fingers into the patient’s oral cavity and reducing the time for the procedure, improves the hygiene of the treatment, reduces the likelihood of injuries and increases the ergonomics of the work. Reducing the labor costs of medical personnel, the use of the developed device leads to an economic effect.

The use of the invention is also possible in veterinary medicine.

Claims (4)

1. A dental tool containing a flexible metal plate with an abrasive coating and a free part on the working end, characterized in that it contains a rigid bracket with a handle on its rear end, connected by a knee to the working end of the plate and placed parallel to the plate with the possibility of free passage through the gap between the plate and the bracket of the tooth crown, while at the other end of the plate in the same plane as the ring is made with the possibility of introducing a human finger into it, and on the handle transverse to it It executes the rigid loop under the first human finger. 2. The dental tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the knee above the plate is equal to the thickness of the plate, and the edge of the knee near the plate is made at a distance of 3-4 mm from the front edge of the plate. 3. The dental tool according to claim 1, characterized in that all the angles of the ends of the plate are smoothed. 4. The dental tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust surface of the handle of the bracket is made anti-slip.

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