RU2512817C1 - Lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: lock is designed for locking of different storages, suitcases, doors, etc. It includes a body with a keyhole, guide stands are connected with the body, at least one of which is code-perceiving. The lock has an extracted key with bits made as capable of rotation in the body. A crossbar with a key hole is arranged in the body as capable of reciprocal motion and has a through slot. Code plates (level tumblers) are movably arranged in the crossbar slot, forming a lower kinematic pair with it. Level tumblers have code ledges that interact with code-perceiving stands, and a hole, the side surface of which during rotation of the key interacts with teeth of the key bit. Code-perceiving stands may have teeth or slots, which interact accordingly with false slots or teeth of level tumblers. The side surface of key bit teeth is made along the part of the side surface of the cylinder, coaxial to the key.

EFFECT: improved design.

14 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the production of locks, and more particularly to a device for key locks with code plates (zugalt). The invention can find application, for example, for locking various kinds of cabinets, safes, vaults, suitcases, doors, for mechanically locking various devices, and others, the like.

State of the art

Despite the wide variety of locks offered with rotating cylinders, lockable pins, discs and other code elements; code locks that can be opened without using a key; finally, the most diverse lock designs, including electronic, laser, biometric and others, locks with code plates (zugalt, from the German Zuhaltung - stopper, delay) have retained special significance to date. Tsugaltnye locks have a number of advantages over others: their code and code-picking elements are in depth, behind the protection of the door leaf and armor plates, which makes it difficult to drill and manipulate the master keys; zugalt can be made quite massive and durable while maintaining a reasonable castle size; lock repair, including search of code plates and changing the lock code, is simple and accessible to a specialist of any skill. The well-known designs of locks with zugalt over the past century have not undergone fundamental changes.

In general, the known constructions [1, 2] include a housing in which the crossbar moves along the guides, spring-loaded code plates (zugaltes) made with the possibility of reciprocating or reciprocating rotation, which in the released state block the movement of the crossbar through protrusions interacting with a stand. When the key is turned in the lock, the latter moves the tsugalts with the teeth of its beard so that, due to the different heights of the beard teeth, each zugalt occupies such a position that its protrusions free the rack, and the bolt gains freedom of movement. With a further turn of the key, one of the teeth of its beard advances the crossbar, opening or closing the lock. In one known design variant [3], the zugaltes with their code protrusions rotate around an axis attached to the housing, and the stand is attached to the crossbar. In another known embodiment [4], on the contrary, the axis and the tsugalt rotating on it are attached to the crossbar, and the stand is attached to the body. In terms of secrecy and durability, these options are basically equivalent. The second option allows you to slightly reduce the size of the castle.

Improvements in the design of zugalt locks are aimed at increasing resistance both against intellectual hacking (by manipulating master keys) and against force breaking. So, the design of the lock [5] contains a housing with a lid, a bolt with a code-receiving stand fixed on it, spring-loaded code plates mounted on the side of the bolt rack with the possibility of their movement in the transverse direction relative to the movement of the bolt. To increase the resistance against intellectual breaking, the lock is equipped with a spring-loaded locking plate made with a device for controlling its movement and located on the outside of the lock, with the possibility of blocking the keyhole after the first and until the last half-turns of the key, occupying in this period a position in the groove made in the middle part keyhole. This improvement complicates the manipulation of simple hook-shaped master keys, but with the help of a special tool in the form of coaxially made master keys entered into the central hole of the well, breaking is possible. In addition, the lock is unstable against force breaking. So, when squeezing the bolt, the weakest point is the code pickup, which is deformed or cut, releasing the bolt.

In another known design [6], the lock contains a housing with a lid, inside of which there is a code part made in the form of a bolt plate with a bent base, to which four bolt bars of calibrated steel with a diameter exceeding 20 mm are welded, and also in the form of twelve spring-loaded code plates installed on six on both sides of the crossbar plate with the possibility of their movement in the transverse direction relative to the movement of the crossbar plate, in the code grooves of the code plates placed code An arm stand mounted on a bolt plate, an armor plate is fixed on one side of the coding zone on the side of the code part, the total length of the bolt rods being at least 70 mm, the length of their release in working condition made at least 40 mm, and one of the bolt rods made with protection against sawing, consisting of a thermally hardened rod and a ball located in the channel of the rod on its free side with the possibility of rotation relative to the longitudinal axis, while the teeth of the crossbar plate, captured by chom, and beveled with localized weakened strength with the possibility of breaking upon application of force exceeding the force from the wrench. The described design allows to increase resistance to force breaking due to the rational choice of materials and sizes of structural elements. The crossbar design increases resistance to its sawing. The execution of the teeth of the bolt, captured by the key, with sections of weakened strength, prevents the power movement of the bolt with a collar. However, the lock resistance to squeezing the bolt is low: it is completely determined by the resistance of the code-receiving rack to bending and shearing, since the sections of the rack held by the protrusions of the code plates are cantilevered, and the console's resistance to bending is small.

A known design zugalt lock with rotary zugalt [7]. The lock contains on the common axis many rotary zugaltes, each interacting with a separate tooth of the key beard. In this case, the sections of zugalt interacting with the teeth of the key barb that are different in radius, in the section between the input and output protrusions, are made identical to each other. This makes reading the lock code with master keys or other tools through the keyhole is very difficult. However, the resistance of this lock against power breaking is limited by the strength of the code-receiving rack, which cannot be made very wide and durable.

The closest to the claimed invention in technical essence and the achieved positive result is the design of the secret lock for the safe Carl Wittkopp GmbH & Co KG [8]. In the lock case there is a crossbar with a code-receiving stand attached to it. The free movement of the rack is prevented by several parallel zugalt, which are made to rotate around a common axis attached perpendicular to the housing. When the key is turned, it affects the tsugalts with the teeth of its beard, and under the influence of the key, the tsugaltes occupy a position in which the grooves of their frontal part form a common channel for the passage of the code-receiving stand of the crossbar. After that, with a further turn of the key, one of the teeth of the key beard pushes the bolt. To increase the reliability of the lock, at least one of the zugalt is made as blocking. With a deviation, this latter activates a mechanism that blocks the movement of all other zugalt. This lock, however, is not sufficiently resistant to force breaking, mainly due to the small cross section of the code-receiving stand, which can be broken by force on the bolt. The stand cannot be made wide enough due to the fact that it must extend into the groove located in one of the code positions of the zugalt. Increasing the width of the rack and groove will reduce the number of code positions and reduce the security of the lock. The constant rotation of zugalt around a common axis contributes to the abrasion of both this latter and zugalt holes, which leads to the appearance of backlashes; these latter entail a decrease in the strength and reliability of the lock. When a lock is broken by force on the bolt, the force is transmitted along a complex chain: from the bolt to the code-receiving rack, from the rack to the zugalt, from the zugalt to the axis, from the axis to the body, from the body to the door power elements. This long chain contains weak links: a rack and an axle, which more than other parts are subject to wear by friction and break under force.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is to increase the resistance of the lock against power breaking, simplifying the design and increasing the reliability of the lock.

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed design, is to increase the resistance of the lock against force on the bolt, at the same time reducing the number of moving parts of the lock and the exclusion of kinematic pairs of rotation from the power circuit bolt - power door elements.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the lock includes a casing with a key well and guide racks connected to the casing, at least one of which is code-sensitive. The key with barbs is placed in the housing with the possibility of rotation and with the possibility of extraction from the lock. The casing also has a bolt with a key hole, with the possibility of reciprocating motion perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the key. The crossbar has a through groove, the axis of which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the crossbar. At least one code plate (zugalt) is placed in this groove, which forms the lowest kinematic pair with the bolt, with the possibility of its reciprocating motion relative to the bolt in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bolt in the housing and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the key. Each code plate (zugalt) has at least one code protrusion, made with the possibility of interaction with the code pickup, and the hole, the side surface is made with the possibility of interaction when turning the key with at least one tooth of one key beard.

The fact that the code-receiving rack (s) is connected directly to the body and that the zugalts are placed in the groove of the crossbar and form a lower kinematic pair with it is new in comparison with the prototype. This allows you to reduce the number of moving parts of the lock and to exclude kinematic pairs of rotation from the power circuit bolt - power door elements. The force on the bolt is transmitted immediately to the zugalts and from them to the code-receiving racks, the body and the door power elements. All of this together allows you to increase the resistance of the lock against force on the bolt. Thus, due to a new set of essential design features, the claimed technical result is achieved.

In the particular case of the invention, the lock additionally contains at least one spring designed to return the code plates (zugalt) to its original position after removing the key and / or a guide pin located in the center of the key well and connected to the housing.

In the particular case of the invention, the crossbar contains two symmetrically located connecting strips, between which there is a groove for accommodating code plates (zugalt), and / or the crossbar contains elements of high-strength material placed between the connecting strips.

In the particular case of the invention, the casing and the code-receiving racks have through holes for fastening the lock to a supporting structure, for example, to a door leaf or to door stiffeners. This allows you to increase the resistance to force, since the force from the crossbar is transmitted through the zugalt to the code-receiving racks, and from them directly to the door power elements. The lock case is excluded from the power circuit.

In particular cases of the invention, the surface of at least one code-receiving rack has grooves configured to interact with mating teeth on code plates (zugalt), or vice versa, the surface of at least one code-receiving rack has a tooth configured to interact with mating grooves on code plates (zugaltakh). This allows you to increase the resistance of the lock against intellectual opening by manipulating the master keys.

In the particular case of the invention, the opening of the code plate (zugalt), the lateral surface of which interacts with the key beards when turning the key, has two parallel faces designed for simultaneous interaction when the key is turned with the teeth of the opposite key beards; the tooth surface of the key beard, designed to interact with the sides of the hole of the code plate (zugalt), is made in the form of a part of the side surface of the cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the key; and the radii r ₁ and r _{2 of the} cylindrical surfaces of the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key, designed to interact with the opposite sides of the holes of the code plate (zugalt), satisfy the expression

r ₁ + r ₂ = d + δ,

where d is the distance between opposite parallel faces of the hole of the code plate (zugalt), m;

δ - the gap between the key and the faces of the holes of the code plate (zugalt), m

All this allows you to achieve smooth and shockless operation of the castle, without the use of springs, which allows you to create a heat-resistant design of the castle.

In the particular case of the invention, the maximum width of the code plates (zugalt) is greater than the distance between the guide racks.

In the particular case of the invention, the lock contains two code racks, simultaneously serving as guides for the bolt, and the distance b _v between the code protrusions of the code plate (zugalt) is no more than

, $$b_{V\max }=\frac{B-\alpha +\sqrt{{\left(B-\alpha \right)}^2-\mathrm{four}\cdot l\cdot \mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\beta "\; filenames="00000006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\beta </figure-callout>}}}{2}$$

,

where B is the distance between the code racks, m;

α is the gap between the crossbar and the code-receiving racks, m;

β is the gap between the code plate (zugalt) and the bolt groove, m;

l is the length of the shoulder of the code plate (zugalt) between the axis of rotation of the key and the code pickup, m

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the simplest design of the castle according to the claimed invention: a - frontal section in a locked state; b - profile section in a locked state; in - a frontal section in the unlocked state; g - profile section in the unlocked state.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the design of the lock according to the claimed invention with eight different coaches of various configurations and a key of a complex profile: a - profile section in a locked state; b - frontal section in a locked state; in - profile section in the position corresponding to the moment of the beginning of the movement of the crossbar; g - frontal section in the position corresponding to the moment of the beginning of the movement of the crossbar.

Figure 3 shows a diagram of the calculation of the dimensional chain crossbar - zugalt - code racks, taking into account the necessary gaps.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the interaction of sector beards of the key with parallel faces of the zugalt hole.

Figure 5 shows the design options of the crossbar: a - a composite crossbar of connecting strips and riveted high-strength elements; b - a composite crossbar of connecting strips, welded (on electro-rivets) high-strength elements and high-strength elements made with the possibility of rotation.

Figure 6 shows options for the cross-section of code-receiving racks: a - with grooves on the rack and a tooth on the zugalt; b - with a tooth on the rack and grooves on the zugalt.

In the above figures, the following notation is used:

1 - lock case;

2 - key well;

3 - a directing pin;

4 - crossbar;

5 - shaped cut in the crossbar;

6 - code plate (zugalt);

7 - hole in the zugalt for the key;

8 - a directing rack;

9 - code pickup;

10 - spring;

11 - key;

12 - restrictive protrusion;

13 - hole for mounting the lock;

14 - a connecting level of a crossbar;

15 - high strength crossbar element;

16 - rivet;

17 is a high-strength bolt element made with the possibility of rotation;

18 - electrical rivet;

19 - tooth zugalt;

20 - groove of the code-receiving rack;

21 - a tooth of a code perception rack;

22 - groove of the zugalt;

a , a - lateral sides of the zugalt;

b, b - code protrusions of the zugalt;

In - the distance between the code racks;

b _R is the width of the crossbar;

α is the gap between the crossbar and the code pickup, guide racks;

β is the gap between the zugalt and the bolt groove;

b _V is the distance between the code protrusions of the zugalt;

l is the length of the shoulder of the code plate (zugalt) between the axis of rotation of the key and the code pickup;

d is the distance between the opposite parallel faces of the zugalt hole;

r ₁ , r ₂ - the radii of the lateral surface of the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key, interacting with the same zugalt;

δ is the gap between the barbs of the key and the opposite sides of the zugalt hole;

θ is the angular width of the key barbs.

The implementation of the invention

An example implementation of the claimed invention is shown in the diagram of figure 1. The lock includes a box-shaped housing 1 with a key well 2 and a guide pin 3. The crossbar 4 is placed in the housing with the possibility of reciprocating motion. The crossbar has a shaped opening 5 for a key. The code plate (zugalt) 6 freely slides into the groove of the bolt perpendicular to the direction of its movement. Zugalt has a hole 7. Guide racks 8 and code-sensing racks 9 are attached to the housing. The springs 10, freely placed in the housing, hold the zugalt in its original position. The key 11 is inserted into the lock and can rotate around the axis of the guide pin. The key rotation limits the protrusion 12 in the shaped hole of the bolt. The holes 13 for attaching the lock to the door or other supporting structure pass through the housing and the pillars of the lock.

The castle operates as follows. In the initial position (Fig. 1, a and b), the springs 10 hold the zugalt 6, aligning its sides a , and along the side faces of the bolt 4. The code protrusions of the zugalt b, b are offset from the side of the zipper. The distance between the sides and tsugalty, and slightly larger than the distance between the guide uprights 8, so that tsugalty 6 abut against the rack rails 8, excluding the possibility of movement pins 4 to the left. One of the code protrusions abuts against the code pickup 9, thereby eliminating the possibility of the bolt 4 moving to the right. To unlock the lock (Fig. 1, c and d), the key 11 is inserted into it and turned. The barb of the key of the key abuts against the upper side of the hole 7 of the cohalt and, overcoming the force of the spring 10, pushes the coachet 6 up until the code protrusions b, b are not aligned with the edges of the code racks. Then the crossbar 4 gets freedom of movement. With further rotation of the key 11, the teeth of its beard abut against the edge of the shaped hole 5 of the bolt and move the bolt, thereby unlocking the lock. When the bolt is completely retracted, from further rotation, the key holds the protrusion 12 in the shaped hole of the bolt.

A castle with one zugalt has low secrecy. The design of a more secret castle with a large number of zugalt is shown in figure 2. Each of zugalt 6 slides freely in the bolt groove. Zugalt movement is limited only by springs placed in the housing. In the initial position (figure 2, a and b), all the zugaltes are aligned, by the action of the springs, on the sides a , and along the side faces of the crossbar. At the same time, their holes are all opposite each other, providing the ability to insert and remove the key. Code ledges b, b, on the contrary, are shifted in one zugalt in one direction, in others in the other; so that one zugalt rests with code protrusions in one code-accepting stand, others in another, and by a common action exclude the possibility of a bolt movement. To unlock the lock, insert the key 11 into it and turn it (Fig. 2, c and d). The teeth of the opposite barbs of the key 1 interact with the opposite sides of the openings of each zugalt and, overcoming the action of the springs, they displace one zugalt up and others down. The dimensions of the teeth are selected so that each zugalt is placed by the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key in a position in which the code protrusions of the zugalt b, b just coincide with the edges of the code racks. With further rotation of the key, the teeth of its barbs abut against the lateral side of the shaped hole of the crossbar and move it away.

The possibility of unobstructed sliding of the bolt in the housing and zugalt in the groove of the bolt is ensured by the proper selection of sizes, ensuring the fit of these parts with a guaranteed clearance. From a rational choice of gaps depends on the uptime and the security of the castle. The design scheme of dimensional chains is shown in figure 3. If the distance between the code-receiving racks 9 is B, and the width of the crossbar 4 is b _R , then the gap between the crossbar and the racks is B-b _R = α. Zugalt is placed in the bolt groove with a gap β. This makes it possible for the zugalt to skew, as much as possible, to an angle whose tangent is β: b _V , where b _V is the distance between the code ledges. If the zugalt is held by the teeth of the barbs of the key in the middle part at the location of the axis of rotation of the key, then the lateral displacement of its code protrusions γ relative to the bolt at maximum skew will be γ = l · β: b _V , where l is the length of the shoulder between the axis of rotation of the key and the code pickup . Therefore, the maximum possible shift of the code tabs relative to the code-receiving racks is α + γ = α + l · β: b _V. For trouble-free operation of the lock, it is necessary that the code ledges of the zugalt pass between the code-receiving racks at the maximum possible offset. For this, the distance between the code protrusions b _V must satisfy the condition

b _V ≤B-α-l · β: b _V.

Equality after elementary algebraic transformations leads to a quadratic equation for the maximum allowable value b _V

b _Vmax ² - (B-α) b b _Vmax + l β = 0.

There are solutions to this equation

и $$b_{V\max }=\frac{B-\alpha +\sqrt{{\left(B-\alpha \right)}^2-4\cdot l\cdot \beta }}{2}$$

. $$b_{V\max }=\frac{B-\alpha -\sqrt{{\left(B-\alpha \right)}^2-\mathrm{four}\cdot l\cdot \beta }}{2}$$

and $$b_{V\max }=\frac{B-\alpha +\sqrt{{\left(B-\alpha \right)}^2-\mathrm{four}\cdot l\cdot \mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\beta "\; filenames="00000006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\beta </figure-callout>}}}{2}$$

.

Since the maximum value is sought, for the working one it is necessary to take the second decision, which gives a greater result.

For example, with α = β = 0.1 mm, B = 30 mm, l = 25 mm, the solution gives b _Vmax = 29.82 mm, that is, the lock will work without fail if the distance between the code tabs is 0.18 mm less, than the gap between the code racks. With the value of structural clearances α = β = 0.2 mm, the calculation gives the maximum allowable value b _Vmax = 29.63 mm. Both in the first and in the second case, the gap between the code protrusions of the zugalt and the code pickup does not exceed 0.5 mm, which meets the requirements of GOST 5089-97 for class 3 and 4 locks.

To reliably block the movement of the bolt, the shift of the code protrusions of the zugalt in the initial position should be at least B-b _V. With a reasonable value of design gaps from 0.1 to 0.2 mm, it is rational to accept a shift of the code protrusions from 1 to 5 mm in 1 mm increments in one direction or the same amount in the other, which gives a total of 10 possible code positions for each zugalt and 10 values the size of the teeth of the barb key. A lock with two zugalts will provide 10 ² = 100 combinations, which is quite enough to lock furniture and mailboxes, suitcases and interior doors. A lock with six locks to lock the entrance doors will provide 10 ⁶ = 1,000,000 combinations, and a lock with eight locks to lock the safes will provide 10 ⁸ = 1,000,000 combinations.

Smooth operation of the lock is ensured by the absence of collisions of the code protrusions of the zugalt 6 with the code pickups 9 when unlocking the lock with the correct key 11. For this, it is necessary that when the code protrusions of each zugalt enter the target of the code pickup racks, the coaches 6 only move together with the crossbar 4 in the direction of its movement, remaining motionless concerning a crossbar. This depends on the shape of the beard of the key 11, the teeth of which hold the cohalt in position.

The proper shape of the teeth of the beard of the key 11 and their interaction with the sides of the hole of the zugalt 6 are presented in figure 4. The condition for smooth and shockless operation — the immobility of the zugalt relative to the crossbar — is fulfilled if the surface of the tooth of the key beard designed to interact with the sides of the zugalt hole is made in the form of a part of the side surface of the cylinder whose axis coincides with the axis of rotation of the key. If the angular width of the key barrels is θ, then their cylindrical surface begins to contact the side surface of the zugalt hole when the key does not reach the perpendicular to the direction of the bolt movement by the angle θ, contacts when the key is rotated further, and leaves the contact when the key goes beyond the specified perpendicular to the angle θ. Thus, the zugalt remains stationary while the key is turned at an angle of 29. If the lateral surface of the tooth of the beard of the key 11, which interacts with the figured hole 5 in the crossbar 4, has a radius R, then the crossbar travel at a constant position of the cobalt will be πRθ / 180 ° (arc circles of the corresponding radius with an angle of 2θ).

If the hole of the zugalt 6 is made so that its lateral surface has two parallel faces, each of which, when turning the key 11, simultaneously interacts with the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key, then when you turn the key to the above angle, the zugalt angle will be set to the desired position by the action of only one key 11 , without the participation of springs 10. Therefore, with this configuration of the key and zugalt holes, the presence of springs is not necessary. This is beneficial, since steel springs have a defect - to lose their elastic properties when heated to 600-800 ° C. The lock of this design can be made quite heat-resistant if all its elements are made of heat-resistant alloys. Moreover, in order for the key 11 to freely rotate in the lock, a small constructive clearance 8 is required between the key barbs and the sides of the zugalt hole; Thus, it turns out that the radii r ₁ and r _{2 of the} cylindrical surfaces of the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key 11, designed to interact with the opposite sides of the openings of the zugalt 6, must satisfy the expression r ₁ + r ₂ = d + δ, where d is the distance between the opposite parallel faces of the zugalt hole 6. The value of d can be taken the same for all zugalt, but can be chosen different. In the latter case, the key will not fit the lock if the condition r ₁ + r ₂ = d + δ is not fulfilled for at least one tsugalta, that is, this condition creates additional freedom of combination and increases the degree of security of the lock.

The rational design of the crossbar is shown in figure 5, a. To simplify the manufacture and rational use of metal, the crossbar is made integral; it contains two symmetrically located connecting strips 14, between which there are inserted elements 15 of high-strength material, for example, steel 65X13, previously heat-treated; between these elements 15 a groove is left to accommodate zugalt. All these parts are interconnected by rivets 16.

Figure 5, 6 shows an improved design of the crossbar, with increased resistance to force impact. Plank 14 is made U-shaped, protecting the crossbar from all sides. The insertion element 15 has a cavity in which one or more elements 17 of high-strength material, for example balls or rollers similar to those used in bearings, made of steel ShKh15, are previously heat-treated, which are freely positioned for rotation. The strap 14 is connected to the plug-in elements. 15 by means of electric rivets 18. This design allows to increase the resistance of the bolt against sawing, since a freely rotating ball or roller is not amenable to cutting action of the tool.

A variant of the design of the lock with increased resistance to intellectual opening using master keys is presented in Fig.6. As you know, when opening the lock with master keys, first of all, with one master key, they give the crossbar a tight fit so that the code ledges of the zugalt are pressed against the code-receiving rack, and then the cobalt moves with the other master key to align their code ledges along the edge of the code-receiving rack. Fig. 6, a, shows an embodiment of a zugalt 6 with a tooth 19 and at least one code-sensing rack 9 with grooves 20. When the zugalt is pressed against the code-sensitive rack when the bolt is tightened, the tooth falls into the groove, and the movement of the zugalt becomes impossible. It is especially effective to make teeth on both edges of the zugalt and both code-receiving racks with grooves; arrange them so that as soon as one tooth is released from the groove of one rack, another tooth falls into the groove of the other rack. Another option is presented in Fig.6, b. In this case, at least one code-receiving stand 9 is made with a tooth 21, which can enter the grooves 22 of the cohalt 6. This design operates similarly to the one described above.

Industrial applicability

The proposed design of the castle has a clear purpose, can be carried out by a specialist in practice and, when implemented, ensures the implementation of the declared purpose.

The possibility of being implemented by a specialist in practice follows from the fact that for each feature included in the claims on the basis of the description, the material equivalent is known. The design of the lock case with uprights and guide pin, crossbar, zugalt, springs and key is clear from the description and the attached drawings. The methods for their implementation (machining, stamping, welding) are simple, known and widely used in industry. The key of the described form (with cylindrical lateral surfaces of the protrusions coaxial with the axis of rotation of the key) must be produced not by milling, but by turning, placing the key in the mandrel in the diameter of its rod and holding it in the lathe chuck. This complicates the fake key.

The possibility of implementing the claimed purpose in the implementation of the invention is confirmed by the examples of implementation. This applies to any of the particular cases of the claimed invention, characterized by the dependent claims.

Information sources

1. Finnish patent No. 114329 / Haapaniemi J .; Lindstroem M .; Pihlaja O. - IPC Е05В 21/00, Е05В 25/02, publ. 09/30/2004.

2. Finnish patent No. 83,801 / Boudin Per-Olov (SE) - IPC E05B 25/00, E05B 15/14, publ. 05/15/1991.

3. UK application No. 2480089 / Belcher C.E. - IPC Е05В 21/00, Е05В 29/00, publ. 11/09/2011.

4. UK application No. 2278393 / Árpád Egresits, László Marton. - IPC E05B 23/00, publ. 11/30/1994.

5. RF patent for utility model No. 114082 / Kompanets I.N. - IPC Е05В 21/00, publ. 03/10/2012.

6. RF patent for utility model No. 96596 / Kompanets I.N. - IPC Е05В 21/00, publ. 08/10/2010.

7. German patent No. 4236201 / Heinemann A. - IPC EV 05/21, EB 35/00, publ. 04/28/1994.

8. German patent No. 4226269 / Huttenlocher W. - IPC Е05В 21/00, Е05В 25/02, Е05В 35/12, publ. 12/23/1993.

Claims (14)

1. A lock comprising a casing with a key well and guide racks connected to the casing, at least one of which is code-sensitive; a key with barbs placed in the housing with the possibility of rotation and with the possibility of extraction from the lock; a bolt with a key hole located in the housing with the possibility of reciprocating motion perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the key and having a through groove whose axis is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bolt; at least one code plate (zugalt) located in the groove of the bolt, forming with the bolt the lowest kinematic pair with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the code plate (zugalt) relative to the bolt in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bolt in the housing and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the key, and the code the plate (zugalt) has at least one code protrusion, made with the possibility of interaction with the code pickup, and the hole, the side surface is made with the possibility of mutual actions when turning the key with at least one tooth of one key beard. 2. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one spring designed to return the code plates (zugalt) to its original position after removing the key. 3. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a guide pin located in the center of the key well and connected to the body. 4. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt contains two symmetrically located connecting strips, between which there is a groove for accommodating code plates (zugalt). 5. The lock according to claim 4, characterized in that the crossbar contains elements of high strength material placed between the connecting strips. 6. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing and code racks have through holes for fastening the lock to a supporting structure, for example, to a door leaf or to door stiffeners. 7. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of at least one code-receiving rack has grooves configured to interact with mating teeth on the code plates (zugalt). 8. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of at least one code-receiving rack has a tooth, made with the possibility of interaction with the response grooves on the code plates (zugalt). 9. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the code plate (zugalt), the side surface of which interacts with the key beards when turning the key, has two parallel faces designed for simultaneous interaction when the key is turned with the teeth of the opposite key beards. 10. The lock according to claim 9, characterized in that the tooth surface of the key beard designed to interact with the sides of the opening of the code plate (zugalt) is made in the form of a part of the side surface of the cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the key. 11. The lock of claim 10, characterized in that the radii and r ₁ and r _{2 of the} cylindrical surfaces of the teeth of the opposite barbs of the key, designed to interact with the opposite sides of the holes of the code plate (zugalt), satisfy the expression
r ₁ + r ₂ = d + δ,
where d is the distance between opposite parallel faces of the hole of the code plate (zugalt), m;
δ - the gap between the key and the faces of the holes of the code plate (zugalt), m 12. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum width of the code plates (zugalt) is greater than the distance between the guide racks. 13. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two code racks, simultaneously serving as guides for the crossbar. 14. The lock according to item 13, wherein the distance b _v between the code protrusions of the code plate (zugalt) is not greater than
$$b_{V\max }=\frac{B-\alpha +\sqrt{{\left(B-\alpha \right)}^2-\mathrm{four}\cdot l\cdot \beta }}{2}$$

where B is the distance between the code racks, m;
α is the gap between the crossbar and the code-receiving racks, m;
β is the gap between the code plate (zugalt) and the bolt groove, m;
l is the length of the shoulder of the code plate (zugalt) between the axis of rotation of the key and the code pickup, m

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