RU2510674C2 - Method of files production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises application of coating on metal billet. To up the hardness, coating on file working surface is applied by detonation. Note here that said coating is formed on tooth backs while low-carbon steel is used as billet material.

EFFECT: higher hardness.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal cutting, and in particular to methods for manufacturing files.

A known method of manufacturing files [1], which includes fixing the cutting elements on the base. As cutting elements use rods made of tool steel, for example, grade U13 or SHX15 or other material that is resistant in an alkaline environment. Then, the rods fixed on the base are immersed in a hardening medium, removed from it, soaked and the tips of the rods are free from the hardened medium. The disadvantage of the above method is the low resistance of the file due to the rapid blunting of the cutting edges.

As a prototype, a method for producing an abrasive diamond tool was selected, in which diamond particles and composite solder are applied to the surface of the substrate [2]. The latter contains a fusible matrix, a refractory filler and a binder. The substrate is heated with diamond particles deposited on it and composite solder above the melting temperature of the low-melting matrix and held at this temperature. Then annealed in vacuum or in a protective atmosphere at a temperature of evaporation of the components of the low-melting matrix. As a result, a diamond-containing binder is formed with a multiphase pseudo-alloy structure, providing high wear resistance of the binder, diamond particle retention strength and thermal conductivity. The disadvantage of the prototype method is the insufficient tool life due to chipping of the cutting edges of diamond grains, as well as the high cost due to expensive raw materials and energy consumption of the process.

The technical result of the present invention is to increase the durability of the file and reduce its cost.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a metal workpiece is coated, while a hard alloy coating is applied to the working surface of the files by the detonation method, the coating being formed only on the backs of the teeth, low-carbon steel is used as the workpiece material.

The problem is solved by implementing the effect of self-sharpening the teeth of files, as well as through the use of inexpensive materials and technologies in their manufacture.

The claimed method is implemented in the following steps:

- make a metal blank for a file of the necessary shape and size. As the material of the blanks, any inexpensive grades of low carbon steels are used (for example, steel 2, steel 3, steel 10, etc.). This allows you to reduce the cost of files;

- on the working surfaces of the workpieces, teeth of the necessary shape and size are formed by any known method (for example, by milling, notching, drawing, etc.);

- carbide coating is applied on the backs of the teeth by the method of detonation spraying. During the operation of such files, two friction surfaces are formed in each tooth (Fig. 1). The cutting surface of tooth 1 wears out when rubbing against the chips and the rake angle α of the file tooth will become more and more positive. The back of the tooth 2, protected by a hard coating layer 3, with friction on the processed material 4 will wear out more slowly than the cutting surface, and sharpen at the top of the tooth. As a result, the teeth of the files during operation will take a pointed shape (self-sharpening effect) (figure 2), which will provide increased durability of the files while maintaining high cutting properties. This effect will remain until the teeth wear out in height.

Implementation example. A flat file was made of steel 10 with a working part length of 350 mm with milled teeth. The number of teeth per 10 mm is 5. The front angle of the teeth was 0 °. A hard tungsten carbide coating (VK-12) was applied to the tooth backs using a detonation method 100 μm thick. We tested the obtained file for reliability when filing a steel billet from carbon steel U8 (HB 180) with a stroke of 100 mm. After 10,000 working strokes, the removal of the processed material amounted to 156 g, the front angle of the teeth increased to 6 °, and the carbide coating on the top of the teeth decreased to 10 μm.

In figure 1. The interaction diagram of the file tooth with the processed material is shown.

In figure 2. Shows the pointed shape of the tooth, which he takes during the operation of the file.

Used Books

1. RF patent No. 2120842. A method of manufacturing files. / Golovach V.A. Publ. 10/27/1998.

2. RF patent No. 2362666. A method of obtaining an abrasive diamond tool. / Sokolov EG, Sokolov G.Ya., Groznov RI Publ. 07/27/2009, bull. No. 21.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing files, including coating a metal workpiece, characterized in that the carbide coating is applied by the detonation method to the tooth backs on the working surface of the files, and mild steel is used as the workpiece material.

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