RU2508894C1 - Multifunctional hiking lifesaving device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the individual hiking means of lifesaving for tourists, soldiers and people in the disaster zone. The object of the invention is creation of the multifunctional hiking lifesaving device with advanced functional capabilities at the combined effects of the environment: cold and rain, as well as to provide buoyancy when man getting into the water. The multifunctional hiking lifesaving device comprises a waterproof shell, rims of insulant placed on it, the fastening elements of the rims in the form of fabric strips with slits and three cables that provide the ability of transformation of the device shape with a man inside it. In the spread position the device has the shape of a hollow truncated cone, and in the folded hiking position - the same shape many times smaller in length. The device has two disks which are fastened by means of sealed detachable joints to the wide and narrow parts of the device. To ensure a person's breathing there is a hole with a pipe in the large disk. The buoyancy is provided by the conical shape of the device and through the use as insulant of the materials with a density less than the density of water.

EFFECT: creation of the multifunctional hiking lifesaving device with advanced functional capabilities at the combined effects of the environment: cold and rain, as well as to provide buoyancy in getting of a person into the water, improved reliability when exposure of sharp objects on the device shell.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to individual camping rescue equipment for tourists, military personnel and people in the natural disaster area, to protect a person from exposure to cold and rain, and also to ensure buoyancy when a person enters the water. The device has the possibility of folding for carrying in a stowed condition, for use as a swimming means in water.

From the existing level of technology, individual life-saving appliances are known in the form of vests, lifebuoys, bibs, jackets to save a person who has fallen into the water (Odintsov L.G., Kursakov A.V., Hapalov E.A., Chursin V.F., Chumak, SP, Rescue Handbook, Book 8. Above and Underwater Rescue Work, Moscow: FTs VNII GOCHS, 2006, 204 pp.

These individual means have limited functionality for saving a person, in particular, they do not provide protection of the entire human body from the cold, because there are parts of the human body that are not protected from water and cold air.

It is known "Rescue tool on the water" Nikulin Float "" (RF patent No. 2112693 C1, IPC B63C 009/08, publ. 06/10/1998), containing an airtight chamber with a manhole for placing a person in it and lifebuoy rubber rings mounted on the outer wall a tight chamber, inside of which there is an elastic pump for removing water and human waste products from it, as well as an elastic pump for supplying atmospheric air into the chamber.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the limited functionality for saving a person from the cold and insufficient structural reliability due to the possibility of mechanical damage to rubber rings with sharp objects when a person enters the disaster area.

A sleeping bag is known comprising a hollow inflatable body made of elastic material open from one end, formed by a single bedspread and bedding for accommodating a person between them, the body being open from the other end, and the outer forming part of the body having a conical shape, the housing is made with the possibility of inversion (RF patent No. 20330069, IPC A47G 9/08, publ. 04/20/1995)

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the limited functionality for saving a person from the cold, because sufficient buoyancy is not ensured when a person enters the water and cold water is not prevented from entering the human body, the inflatable body loses its protective properties during mechanical damage to the shell. In addition, in a sleeping bag, a person’s body and the surface of his clothes are adjacent to the entire inner surface of the bag’s shell, which increases heat transfer.

Known sleeping bags for astronauts, containing a shell and insulation, in which various materials with good thermal insulation properties (cotton wool from lavsan, wool knitwear) are used as a heater due to the porous structure of the material of these insulation. (Umansky S.P. Cosmonaut Equipment. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1982, p. 39-40).

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the invention, "Sleeping bag for an astronaut," consisting of a top and a lining made of polyamide insulation threads of non-woven material, a removable liner of fabric [RF Patent No. 2358633, IPC A47G 9/08, D03D 15 / 00, publ. 12/14/2007].

The disadvantage of the known sleeping bags for astronauts is also limited functionality for rescue, because they do not provide the necessary buoyancy when a person enters water and do not prevent the ingress of cold water on the human body due to the inability to prevent water from entering the sleeping bag.

The task to which the invention is directed is the creation of a multifunctional marching rescue device with enhanced functionality with combined environmental influences: rain and cold, as well as keeping a person afloat when it enters the water.

The technical result provided by the given set of features is the expansion of functionality, protecting a person from cold, precipitation at the same time when a person is in the air and in the aquatic environment, ensuring buoyancy when a person enters the water, increased reliability when sharp objects are exposed to the shell of the device.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the inventive rescue device containing the shell, insulation and removable elements, according to the invention, the following differences are provided: the device is made with the possibility of transforming its shape and in the unfolded position has the shape of a hollow truncated cone, and on the inner side of the shell to it along the entire length at intervals with their outer sides are attached rims of insulation from a material with low thermal conductivity and density less water density, and the outer and inner surfaces of each rim have the shape of a hollow truncated cone surface, and on the inside each rim has three fabric strips attached along the perimeter with slots, these strips are located at mutual angles of 135-135-90 degrees relative to the center , the interval between the rims is not less than the sum of the dimensions of the rim width, its thickness and the shell thickness with the possibility of folding and entering adjacent rims into each other sequentially, starting with a smaller rim, The end of the hollow truncated cone has removable elements in the form of large and small disks made of a material with low thermal conductivity, the small disk on the inside having the first waterproof detachable connection with the outermost rim of the smallest size adjacent to it, and the large disk has an opening with a hermetically fixed tube for respiration, and on the inside, a large disk is hermetically connected to a hoop of elastic material with three loops located on it in the form of tapes of durable material, and the hoop has the second waterproof detachable connection with the largest rim adjacent to it, and the loops on the hoop are set at mutual angles of 135-135-90 degrees, respectively, with the location of the fabric strips on the rims, and there are three fixing cords in the slots of these fabric strips and in the loop of the hoop .

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 shows a multifunctional rescue device in a straightened position;

figure 2 shows the device in a fully folded position without disks;

figure 3 shows a hoop with loops;

figure 4 shows a device with inserted into each other rims;

5 shows a partially folded device.

A multifunctional marching rescue device (Fig. 1), comprising a shell 1, which in the unfolded position has the shape of a hollow truncated cone, on the inside of the shell 1 along the entire length of the cone at intervals, rims 2 of a heater made of a material with low thermal conductivity and density are attached with their outer sides, lower density of water. The outer and inner surfaces of each rim 2 have the surface shape of a hollow truncated cone. On the inner side, each rim 2 has three perimeter-attached fabric strips 3 with slots 4. The fabric strips 3 are located at mutual angles of 135-135-90 degrees relative to the center of the rim 2. The interval between the rims 2 is not less than the sum of the dimensions of the rim width, its thickness and the thickness of the shell 1, which allows full folding by entering adjacent rims into each other sequentially, starting with a smaller rim. At the ends are removable elements in the form of a small disk 5 and a large disk 6 of material with low thermal conductivity. The small disk 5 on the inside has the first waterproof detachable connection 7 with the adjacent extreme rim 2 of the smallest radial size. The large disk 6 has an opening into which a hermetically fixed breathing tube 8 is inserted. On the inside, the large disk 6 is hermetically connected to the elastic hoop 9, to which a second waterproof detachable connection 10 is attached to fasten it to the rim with the largest radial size. On the hoop 9 (figure 3) three loops 11 are attached in the form of ribbons of durable material, which are located at mutual angles of 135-135-90 degrees, respectively, with the same arrangement of fabric strips 3 on the rims 2. In the slots 4 of the fabric strips 3 and in the loops 11 there are three fixing cords (not shown conditionally in FIG. 1) for fixing the position of each rim 2 along the length of the sheath. The radial dimensions of the shell and rims are selected so that the person is located freely and does not experience inconvenience due to the small size.

The waterproof shell is made, for example, of synthetic material (nylon, etc.). As insulation, for example, non-woven materials such as double-layer polyethylene foam, PPE-NR and PPE-NX isolon are used (this material is produced by the Izhevsk plastic factory in the form of a tourist rug, which is an analogue of the product, the English company Karrimor). The number of rims is selected, for example, about 15-20 pieces with a width of each rim of 15 cm and a thickness of about 1 cm. The inner diameter of the smallest rim is selected, for example, in the range of 40-60 cm. Rims 2 located on the shell 1, when folded over sliding fit consistently enter the adjacent rims located in the wider part of the cone. Thus, in a fully folded state, the length of the entire cone is reduced to the width of one rim (Figure 2), which provides convenience during storage and carrying (over the shoulder, on the shoulder, behind the back) in the campaign. With the indicated dimensions and shape in the fully folded position, the device supports the person on the melt as well as a lifebuoy.

The open ends of the truncated cone are closed by large and small disks made of material with glued insulation, for example, of the same material as the rims. To the small disk 5, the radial size of which is equal to the radial size of the smallest end rim, one half of the first sealed detachable connection is attached. This type of connection (water-tight zipper) are used for diving suits for divers. The second half of the first detachable connection is attached to the end rim. This ensures the sealing of the narrow part of the conical room in which the person is located.

The large disk 6 has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the largest end rim. The hoop 9 made of an elastic material (for example, plastic) is hermetically attached to the large disk 6. The mentioned end rim and the hoop 9 are connected by a second waterproof detachable joint 10 to ensure the tightness of the wide part of the conical room. To ensure the breathing of a person inside the conical room, there is a hole in the large disk where a tube made of a material such as plastic is inserted.

For ease of use of the device, the design of the detachable connection 10 should provide the possibility of its use by a person inside the conical room. The hoop 9 has three fastening loops 11 made of durable material, for example, nylon. Thus, the large disk 6 hermetically closes a wide part of the conical room and, if necessary, this disk is disconnected.

The device is able to transform its shape and works as follows.

To protect a person during a trip, a significant decrease in temperature is possible, which is characteristic of our continental climate, as well as in the mountains, a closed conical room is created (Figure 4), inside which there is a person. The rims symmetrically slide into each other with an overlap, i.e. each smaller rim in a sliding fit moves into a neighboring larger rim sequentially one after another, forming a hollow truncated cone of shorter length in comparison with the size in the unfolded position (figure 1). The distance between the rims is fixed due to the elastic properties of the recommended insulation and by tying knots with three cords by using slots in the fabric strips located on each rim. The small disk 5 and the large disk 6 with the hoop 9 are fixed at the ends using the first and second sealed detachable joints 7, 10. For breathing inside a person, a tube 8 is inserted into the hole of the large disk 6.

Compared to the sleeping bags described above, temperature and spatial comfort is ensured.

The advantage of this design is the presence of the greenhouse effect due to the heat of the human body. Also, reduced heat transfer is achieved by about 1.5 times due to the air layer in the proposed design, which has lower thermal conductivity compared to the best insulation for sleeping bags, in which the shell of the bag comes into contact with the human body from all sides.

This feature of the proposed device is important in situations where a person has injuries such as injuries and burns.

To ensure internal lighting, well-known technical solutions are used (the use of transparent or translucent materials of individual structural elements, etc.).

The same form of the device (Figure 4) performs the functions of a swimming rescue vehicle. To ensure air supply, the required tube length 8 is used.

To protect from rain, the rims along a 90 ° sector are brought closer to each other and their position is fixed by knots on the cords passed through the slots in the fabric strips on the rims. As a result, the length of the upper part of the device in sectors of 135 ° remains in the expanded position, and therefore becomes longer in comparison with the lower part, and the upper part of the device in this case takes an arcuate shape.

On the surface of the earth, a room is obtained in which a person is protected from rain.

In warm weather, a life-saving tool to keep a person afloat is used in a fully folded position without a small and large disk, forming a lifebuoy shape (figure 2). In this case, a person uses it also as a lifebuoy.

Also, as a swimming rescue tool, the proposed device is used in the form of a hollow truncated cone vertically located in the water. 5, this device is shown conditionally without mounting cords. A person is located inside the formed cavity and is well protected from contact with water. Part of the length of the device, for example, to the armpits of a person, is in a straightened position, and the rest is in a folded position. This form of construction is used both to save the child, and for an adult with open wounds.

Thus, the proposed device has a new set of functional capabilities: protection of the child, as well as the person in the presence of wounds, injuries and burns. In a patent search of the indicated capabilities, no analogues were found.

A new set of introduced elements of the device allows us to solve the problem: the creation of a multifunctional marching rescue device with enhanced functionality under combined environmental influences: protection from rain and cold, as well as keeping a person afloat when it gets into the water.

The proposed device ensures the achievement of the claimed technical result: expansion of functionality, protection of a person from cold, precipitation at the same time when a person is in the air and in the aquatic environment, ensuring buoyancy when a person enters the water, increased reliability when exposed to sharp objects on the shell of the device.

Claims (1)

A rescue device containing a shell, heaters and removable elements, characterized in that the device is made with the possibility of transforming its shape and at the same time in the unfolded position has the shape of a hollow truncated cone, rims are attached to it along the entire length along the intervals with the outer sides of the cone a heater from a material with low thermal conductivity and a density lower than the density of water, the outer and inner surfaces of each rim having the shape of a hollow truncated cone surface, and on the inside, each rim has three fabric strips attached along the perimeter with slots, these strips are located at mutual angles of 135-135-90 ° relative to the center, the interval between the rims is not less than the sum of the dimensions of the rim width, its thickness and shell thickness with the possibility of folding and the entry of adjacent rims into each other sequentially, starting with a smaller rim, removable elements are installed at the ends of the hollow truncated cone in the form of large and small disks of material with low thermal conductivity, the small disk on the inside has the first waterproof detachable connection with the smallest rim adjacent to it, and the large disk has an opening with a hermetically fixed breathing tube, and on the inside the large disk is hermetically connected to the hoop of elastic material with three hinges in the form of tapes made of durable material, and the hoop has a second waterproof detachable connection with the outermost rim of the largest size adjacent to it, and the loops on the hoop are mounted At reciprocal angles of 135-135-90 °, respectively, with the location of the fabric strips on the rims, and in the slots of these fabric strips and in the loops of the hoop there are three fixing cords.

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