RU2508505C1 - Reduction method of fuel consumption in boiler houses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: method is designed for hot-water and steam boilers, on which at least two boilers with different characteristics are installed. During operation of a boiler house it is possible to switch on any combination of the existing boilers and to distribute a load between the boilers in operation. The boiler combination that must work at every moment is determined based on a condition of minimum fuel consumption per the specified period of time considering losses for lighting-up of the boilers that were not involved in the operation before.

EFFECT: reduction of annual fuel consumption in a boiler house.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat supply and can be used in boiler rooms having two or more boilers with different characteristics.

At present, when operating boiler rooms with several installed boilers, the definition of working boilers at any given time and the load of each boiler is determined by the personal preference of the boiler installation operator.

The claimed method is aimed at solving the problem of improving the efficiency of boiler houses.

The technical result achieved in the process of solving the problem is to reduce the annual fuel consumption in the boiler room.

The required technical result is provided by the choice of the moments of switching on and off the boilers and the rational distribution of the load between the working boilers.

To determine the moments when the boilers are turned on and off, it is necessary to have a forecast of the values of the ambient temperature for a certain period (at least for one day). This forecast allows us to estimate how much heat the boiler house should produce in each hour of the period, which makes it possible to determine which combination of boilers should work in each hour to ensure the lowest fuel consumption for the period, taking into account the cost of starting the boilers from an idle state.

. Если равенство производных не возможно в пределах номинальной производительности некоторых котлов, то эти котлы должны работать на своей номинальной производительности, а условие равенства производных должно выполняться для остальных котлов.The load distribution between several operating boilers to ensure the lowest hourly fuel consumption should be performed on the condition that the derivatives of the fuel consumption are equal in terms of the heat output of each boiler $$({\mathrm{AT}}_{\mathrm{one}{Q}_{\mathrm{one}}}^{\text{'}\text{'}}={\mathrm{AT}}_{2Q_2}^{\text{'}\text{'}}=...={\mathrm{AT}}_{n{Q}_n}^{\text{'}\text{'}})$$

. If equality of derivatives is not possible within the rated output of some boilers, then these boilers must operate at their rated output, and the condition for equality of derivatives should be satisfied for the remaining boilers.

Distinctive features of this method is the management of the moments of turning on and off the boilers to reduce annual fuel consumption, as well as ensuring a rational load distribution between the simultaneously operating boilers.

The drawing shows a diagram of the inclusion of boilers in the boiler room. The diagram shows three boilers, each of which is equipped with a control unit, also on the pipelines leaving each boiler, adjustable valves are installed to control the flow of water or steam RV 1, RV 2, RV 3; flow sensors DR 1, DR 2, DR 3 and temperature sensors DT 1, DT 2, DT 3 of water or steam. There is also a water temperature sensor on the return pipe DT _rev and an outdoor temperature sensor DT _nv . To control the operation of the boiler room there is an analog microcontroller.

The scheme works as follows. An analog microcontroller receives data on the current outdoor temperature and a forecast of temperature values for a certain period. Using this data, it is determined which load must be provided, as well as which boilers must be used in operation. An analog microcontroller sends a signal to the boiler control units with information about the necessary heat generation by each boiler. The boiler control unit provides the necessary amount of fuel to the boiler and the corresponding amount of air. An analog microcontroller also sends a signal to an adjustable valve to provide the required flow of water or steam and a direct pipe.

Actual values of the flow rate and temperature of water or steam at the outlet of the boiler are measured by appropriate sensors installed on pipelines leaving the boiler. Also, using a separate sensor, the values of the temperature of the water in the return pipe are taken. Based on all these values, it is calculated how much heat each boiler actually generates. In case of a discrepancy between the set and actual values, the microcontroller accordingly changes the signals supplied to the boiler control units about the necessary heat generation by the boilers.

Claims (1)

A way to reduce fuel consumption in a boiler room containing several boilers with different characteristics, which consists in changing the operation modes of boilers, characterized in that the signals from water or steam temperature sensors installed on pipelines leaving each boiler and on the return water pipeline, and flow meters installed on the pipelines leaving each boiler, as well as from the outdoor temperature sensor, are fed to an analog microcontroller that controls the start-up and shutdown of boilers, the flow of water or steam through each boiler and the operating modes of each boiler in such a way that the operating modes of the boilers to reduce fuel consumption are selected from the condition that the derivatives of the fuel consumption in terms of the heat output of each boiler are equal, and the moments when the boilers turn on and off are determined from the expected outdoor temperature taking into account the costs fuel for kindling of boilers not previously operated.