RU2501856C2 - METHOD FOR OBTAINING L-AMINOACID USING BACTERIUM OF Enterobacteriaceae FAMILY - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnologies.

SUBSTANCE: invention represents a method for obtaining L-aminoacid chosen from the group consisting of L-glutamine, L-glutamine acid, L-proline, L-arginine, L-citrulline and L-ornithine. The method involves growth in nutritional medium of bacterium of Escherichia family, which is modified so that expression of ycfR gene in the above bacterium is strengthened, and extraction of the above L-aminoacid from cultural liquid.

EFFECT: invention allows obtaining L-aminoacid with high efficiency degree.

4 cl, 2 dwg, 14 tbl

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to the microbiological industry, in particular to a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, modified in such a way that expression of the ycfR gene is enhanced in said bacterium.

Description of the Related Art

Traditionally, L-amino acids on an industrial scale can be obtained by fermentation using strains of microorganisms obtained from natural sources, or their mutants. Typically, microorganisms are modified to increase the production of L-amino acids.

Many methods have been described to increase the production of L-amino acids, including transformation of recombinant DNA microorganisms (US Pat. No. 4,278,765). Other methods of increasing production include increasing the activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids and / or decreasing the sensitivity of the target enzyme to reverse inhibition by the produced L-amino acid (see, for example, US patents 4,346,170; 5,661,012 and 6,040,160).

Recent studies have shown that the YcfR protein is involved in biofilm formation and stress response, as well as that the deletion of the ecfR gene in E. coli increases the sensitivity of cells to various types of stress. An analysis of ycfR deletion mutants using microarrays showed that such mutants had increased expression of certain stress response genes caused by the action of acids, as well as osmotic, oxidative and thermal stress. In particular, deletion of the ycfR gene leads to increased expression of the gadABC and gadE genes responsible for acid resistance, the osmY, osmB and otpX genes activated by osmotic stress, and the sodC superoxide dismutase gene. Thus, it is believed that YcfR is a protein of resistance to various types of stress (Zhang XS et al. J Bacteriol 189 (8); 3051-62 (2007)).

However, there are currently no reports describing the use of amplification of ycfR gene expression to produce L-amino acids.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objectives of the present invention include increasing the productivity of strains producing L-amino acids and providing a method for producing non-aromatic or aromatic L-amino acids using these strains.

The above objectives were achieved by discovering that enhancing the expression of the ycfR gene can lead to increased production of L-amino acids such as L-threonine, L-lysine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L -valine, L-histidine, L-glycine, L-serine, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-arginine, L-citrulline, L -ornithine, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.

An Enterobacteriaceae family bacterium is provided which is capable of increased production of amino acids such as L-threonine, L-lysine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-histidine, L-glycine, L-serine, L-alanine, L-citrulline, L-ornithine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-arginine, L-citrulline, L-ornithine, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.

The aim of the present invention is the provision of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, the producer of the L-amino acid, wherein said bacterium is modified in such a way that expression of the ycfR gene in said bacterium is enhanced.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a bacterium as described above, wherein said expression is enhanced by modifying a sequence that controls expression of the ycfR gene.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the bacteria described above, wherein said bacterium belongs to the genus Escherichia.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the bacteria described above, wherein said bacterium belongs to the genus Pantoea.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the bacteria described above, wherein said L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of an aromatic L-amino acid and a non-aromatic L-amino acid.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the bacteria described above, wherein the aromatic L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.

Another objective of the present invention is the provision of the bacteria described above, while the non-aromatic L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of L-threonine, L-lysine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-histidine, L-glycine, L-serine, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-citrulline, L-ornithine and L-arginine.

Another objective of the present invention is the provision of a method for producing L-amino acids, which includes the cultivation of the above bacteria in a nutrient medium and the allocation of the specified L-amino acids from the culture fluid.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the method described above, wherein said L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of an aromatic L-amino acid and a non-aromatic L-amino acid.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the method described above, wherein said aromatic L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide the method described above, wherein said non-aromatic L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of L-threonine, L-lysine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine , L-histidine, L-glycine, L-serine, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-citrulline, L-ornithine and L-arginine .

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

1. Bacteria

The bacterium of the present invention is an Enterobacteriaceae family L-amino acid producing bacterium modified in such a way that expression of the ycfR gene in said bacterium is enhanced.

The term “L-amino acid producing bacterium” may mean a bacterium capable of producing and secreting an L-amino acid into a culture medium when the bacterium is grown in said culture medium.

The term “L-amino acid producing bacterium” can also mean a bacterium that is capable of producing an L-amino acid and causes the accumulation of an L-amino acid in a fermentation medium in quantities greater than the natural or parent E. coli strain, such as strain E .coli K-12, and may mean that the microorganism is capable of accumulating in the medium the target L-amino acid in an amount of not less than 0.5 g / l, or not less than 1.0 g / l in another example. The term “L-amino acid” includes, for example, L-alanine, L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-citrulline, L-cysteine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, L-glycine, L- histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-ornithine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine and L-valine.

The term “aromatic L-amino acid” includes, for example, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan. The term “non-aromatic L-amino acid” includes, for example, L-threonine, L-lysine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-histidine, L-glycine, L-serine , L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartate, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-citrulline, L-ornithine and L-arginine.

The Enterobacteriaceae family includes bacteria belonging to the genera Escherichia, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, Pantoea, Photorhabdus, Providencia, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Morganella, Yersinia, etc. More specifically, bacteria classified as Enterobacteriaceae can be used according to the taxonomy used in the NCBI database (National Center for Biotechnology Information) (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/ wwwtax.cgi? id = 543). Examples are bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia or Pantoea.

The term "bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia" may mean that the bacterium belongs to the genus Escherichia in accordance with the classification known to the person skilled in the field of microbiology. As an example of a microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia, the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) may be mentioned.

The range of bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia is not limited in any way, however, for example, the bacteria described in Neidhardt, F.C. et al. (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, American Society for Microbiology, Washington D.C., 1208, Table 1), can be given as examples.

The term "bacterium belonging to the genus Pantoea" may mean that the bacterium belongs to the genus Pantoea in accordance with the classification known to the specialist in the field of microbiology. Recently, several Enterobacter agglomerans species have been classified as Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, Pantoea stewartii or the like based on analysis of the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence, etc. (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol, 43, 162-173 (1993)).

The term "enhancing gene expression" may mean that gene expression is higher than in an unmodified strain, for example, in a wild-type strain. Examples of such modifications may include increasing the number of copies of an expressed gene in a cell, enhancing gene expression, etc. The number of copies of the expressed gene is determined, for example, by restriction of the chromosomal DNA followed by Southern blotting using a probe constructed based on the gene sequence, in situ fluorescence hybridization (FISH), and the like. The level of gene expression can be determined by various known methods, including Northern blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, etc. In addition, strains that can be used as a control include, for example, Escherichia coli K-12 or Pantoea ananatis FERM BP-6614.

The ycfR gene (synonyms: bhsA, ECK1098, b1112) encodes the putative YcfR outer membrane protein from E. coli. The ycfR gene (nucleotides complementary to nucleotides 1168296 to 1168553; in the sequence with accession number NC_000913.2 in the GenBank database, gi: 49175990) is located between the ycfQ and ycfS genes on the E. coli K-12 chromosome. The nucleotide sequence of the ycfR gene and the amino acid sequence of the YcfR protein encoded by the ycfR gene are shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2, respectively.

Since representatives of various genera or strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family may experience some variation in the nucleotide sequences, the ycfR gene is not limited to the gene shown in SEQ ID NO: I, but may also include genes homologous to SEQ ID NO: 1. Therefore, the protein variant encoded by the ycfR gene may have a homology of at least 80% or at least 90% in another example, or at least 95% in another example, with respect to the complete amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 2, provided that it has YcfR protein activity. The term "protein variant" may mean a protein with changes in the sequence, whether deletion, insertion, addition or replacement of amino acids. The number of changes in a protein variant depends on the position or type of amino acid residue in the tertiary structure of the protein. It can be from 1 to 30, or from 1 to 15 in another example, or from 1 to 5 in another example, in SEQ ID NO: 2. These changes in variants can occur in areas that are not critical for the three-dimensional structure of the protein. These changes are possible because some amino acids have a high homology to each other, therefore, such changes do not affect the tertiary structure.

Homology between two amino acid sequences can be determined using known methods, for example, the BLAST 2.0 computer program, which counts three parameters: count, identity, and similarity.

Substitution, deletion, insertion or addition of one or more amino acid residues is a conservative mutation (s) if activity persists. A typical example of a conservative mutation is a conservative substitution. Examples of conservative substitutions include replacing Ala with Ser or Thr, replacing Arg with Gln, His or Lys, replacing Asn with Glu, Gln, Lys, His or Asp, replacing Asp with Asn, Glu or Gln, replacing Cys with Ser or Ala, replacing Gln with Asn, Glu, Lys, His, Asp or Arg, replacing Glu with Asn, Gln, Lys or Asp, replacing Gly with Pro, replacing His with Asn, Lys, Gln, Arg or Tyr, replacing Ile with Leu, Met, Val or Phe, replace Leu with Ile, Met, Val or Phe, replace Lys with Asn, Glu, Gln, His or Arg, replace Met with Ile, Leu, Val or Phe, replace Phe with Trp, Tyr, Met, Ile or Leu, replacing Ser with Thr or Ala, replacing Thr with Ser or Ala, replacing Trp with Phe or Tyr, replacing Tur with His, Phe or Trp, and replacing Val with Met, Ile or Leu.

In this regard, the ycfR gene may be a variant that hybridizes under stringent conditions with the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, or with a probe that can be synthesized based on the specified nucleotide sequence, provided that it encodes a functional protein YcfR . "Stringent conditions" include those conditions under which specific hybrids, for example, hybrids with homology of at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% in different examples, are formed, and non-specific hybrids, for example, hybrids with less homology than indicated above are not formed. A practical example of harsh conditions is a single or multiple washing, or two or three times in another example, at a salt concentration of 1 × SSC, 0.1% SDS, preferably 0.1 × SSC, 0.1% SDS, at 60 ° C. The duration of washing depends on the type of membrane used for blotting and, as a rule, is as recommended by the manufacturer. For example, the recommended washing time for Hybond ™ N + nylon membrane (Amersham) under severe conditions is 15 minutes. Washing can be done two or three times. The probe length can be selected depending on the hybridization conditions, usually about 100-1000 bp.

Methods for enhancing gene expression include increasing the number of copies of a gene. The introduction of a gene into a vector capable of functioning in bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family can increase the number of copies of the gene. Low copy vectors may be used. Examples of low copy vectors include, but are not limited to, pSC101, pMW118, pMW119, and the like. The term "low copy vector" is used for vectors, the number of copies of which in a cell reaches five.

Enhanced gene expression can also be achieved by introducing multiple copies of the gene into the bacterial chromosome, for example, by homologous recombination, Mu integration, etc. For example, one act of Mu integration allows up to 3 copies of a gene to be introduced into the bacterial chromosome.

The number of copies of a gene can also be increased by introducing multiple copies of the gene into the chromosomal DNA of the bacterium. To introduce multiple copies of a gene into a bacterial chromosome, homologous recombination can be performed using the target sequences present on the chromosome in multiple copies. Multiple copy sequences in chromosomal DNA include, but are not limited to, repetitive DNAs or inverted repeats present at the ends of mobile elements. It is also possible to incorporate the gene into the transposon and provide for its transfer to introduce multiple copies of the gene into the chromosomal DNA.

Enhanced gene expression can also be achieved by substituting a DNA fragment under the control of a strong promoter. Examples of strong promoters are the lac promoter, trp promoter, trc promoter, P _R or P _L phage λ promoters. Using a strong promoter can be combined with an increase in gene copies.

On the other hand, the action of the promoter can be enhanced, for example, by introducing a mutation into the promoter, leading to an increase in the level of transcription of the gene localized behind the promoter. In addition, it is known that the replacement of several nucleotides in the region between the ribosome binding site (RBS) and the start codon, especially in the sequence immediately before the start codon, significantly affects the translational ability of mRNA. For example, a 20-fold variation in expression level was detected depending on the nature of the three nucleotides preceding the start codon (Gold et al., Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 35, 365-403, 1981; Hui et al., EMBO J., 3, 623-629, 1984).

In addition, it is possible to introduce a nucleotide substitution in the region of the promoter of the gene on the bacterial chromosome, resulting in an increase in the function of the promoter. Changing the expression control sequence can be accomplished, for example, in the same way as replacing a gene using a temperature-sensitive plasmid, as disclosed in WO 00/18935 and JP 1-215280 A.

Methods for preparing plasmid DNA, DNA restriction and ligation, transformation, selection of nucleotides as a primer, etc. may be conventional methods known to a person skilled in the art. These methods are described, for example, in Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., and Maniatis, T., "Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989).

L-amino acid producing bacterium

As a bacterium according to the present invention, modified in such a way that the expression of gene / R is enhanced, a bacterium capable of producing an aromatic or non-aromatic L-amino acid can be used.

The bacterium of the present invention can be obtained by enhancing the expression of the ycfR gene in a bacterium already possessing the ability to produce L-amino acids. On the other hand, a bacterium according to the present invention can be obtained by imparting a bacterium in which expression of the ycfR gene is already enhanced to the ability to produce L-amino acids.

L-threonine producing bacterium

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-threonine-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strain TDH-6 / pVIC40 (VKPM B-3996) (US Pat. No. 5,175,107) and 5705371), E. coli strain NRRL-21593 (US patent 5939307), E. coli strain FERM BP-3756 (US patent 5474918), E. coli strains FERM BP-3519 and FERM BP-3520 (US patent 5376538), E. coli strain MG442 (Gusyatiner et al., Genetics, 14, 947-956 (1978)), E. coli strains VL643 and VL2055 (European patent application EP 1149911 A) and the like.

Strain TDH-6 is deficient in the thrC gene, is able to assimilate sucrose, and contains the ilvA gene with a leaky mutation. The specified strain contains a mutation in the rhtA gene, which causes resistance to high concentrations of threonine and homoserine. Strain B-3996 contains the plasmid pVIC40, which was obtained by introducing into the vector derived from the RSF1010 vector the thrA * BC operon including the thrA mutant gene encoding aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase I, which has a significantly reduced feedback sensitivity to threonine inhibition. Strain B-3996 was deposited on November 19, 1987 at the All-Union Scientific Center for Antibiotics (RF, 117105 Moscow, Nagatinskaya St., 3-A) with inventory number RIA 1867. The strain was also deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (RF , 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) April 7, 1987 with inventory number B-3996.

E. coli strain VKPM B-5318 (European application 0593792 B) can also be used as the parent strain for the production of L-threonine-producing bacteria. Strain B-5318 is prototrophic with respect to isoleucine, and the temperature-sensitive C1 repressor of the phage λ and P _R promoter replaces the regulatory region in the threonine operon on the plasmid pVIC40. Strain VKPM B-5318 was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (RF, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) May 3, 1990 with accession number B-5318.

The bacterium can be further modified so as to have increased expression of one or more of the following genes:

- mutant thrA gene encoding aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase I, resistant to threonine inhibition by feedback type;

- thrB gene encoding homoserine kinase;

- thrC gene encoding threonine synthase;

- rhtA gene, presumably encoding a transmembrane protein;

the asd gene encoding aspartate p-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, and

- aspC gene encoding aspartate aminotransferase (aspartate transaminase).

The nucleotide sequence of the thrA gene encoding aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase I from Escherichia coli is known (nucleotide numbers 337 to 2799 in sequence with accession number NC_000913.2 in the GenBank database, gi: 49175990). The thrA gene is located on the chromosome of E. coli K-12 strain between the thrL and thrB genes. The nucleotide sequence of the thrB gene encoding homoserine kinase from Escherichia coli is known (nucleotide numbers 2801 to 3733 in sequence with accession number NC_000913.2 in the GenBank database, gi: 49175990). The thrB gene is located on the chromosome of E. coli K-12 strain between the thrA and thrC genes. The nucleotide sequence of the thrC gene encoding a threonine synthase from Escherichia coli is known (nucleotide numbers 3734 to 5020 in the sequence with accession number NC_000913.2 in the GenBank database, gi: 49175990). The thrC gene is located on the chromosome of E. coli K-12 strain between the thrB gene and the open uaaX reading frame. All three of these genes function as one threonine operon. To enhance expression of the threonine operon, an attenuator region that affects transcription can be removed from the operon (PCT application WO 2005/049808, PCT application WO 2003/097839).

The mutant thrA gene encoding aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase I resistant to threonine inhibition by feedback type, as well as the thrB and thrC genes, can be obtained as a single operon from the well-known plasmid pVIC40, which is represented in the E. coli producer strain VKPM B-3996. Plasmid pVIC40 is described in detail in US Pat. No. 5,705,371.

The rhtA gene is located at the 18th minute of the E. coli chromosome near the glnHPQ operon, which encodes the components of the glutamine transport system, the rhtA gene is identical to ORF1 (ybiF gene, nucleotide numbers 764 to 1651 in sequence with accession number AAA218541 in the GenBank database, gi: 440181) , is located between the genes pXB and otpX. A region of DNA expressed to form the protein encoded by the ORF1 reading frame was named the rhtA gene (rht: resistance to homoserine and threonine). The rhtA23 mutation has also been shown to represent an A-to-G substitution at position -1 with respect to the start of the ATG codon (Abstracts of the 17 ^th International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Abstracts of the 1997 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , San Francisco, California August 24-29, 1997, abstract No. 457; European application EP 1013765 A).

The nucleotide sequence of the asd gene from E. coli is known (nucleotide numbers 3572511 to 3571408 in sequence with accession number NC_000913.1 in the GenBank database, gi: 16131307) and can be obtained using PCR (polymerase chain reaction; link to White, TJ et al., Trends Genet., 5, 185 (1989)) using primers synthesized based on the nucleotide sequence of the gene. Asd genes from other microorganisms can be obtained in a similar way.

Also, the nucleotide sequence of the aspC gene from E. coli is known (nucleotide numbers 983742 to 984932 in the sequence with accession number NC_000913.1 in the GenBank database, gi: 16128895) and can be obtained by PCR. AspC genes from other microorganisms can be obtained in a similar way.

L-lysine producing bacterium

Examples of bacteria producing L-lysine belonging to the genus Escherichia include mutants that are resistant to the L-lysine analogue. The L-lysine analogue inhibits the growth of bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia, but this inhibition is completely or partially removed when L-lysine is also present in the medium. Examples of the L-lysine analogue include, but are not limited to, oxalysine, lysine hydroxyamate, S- (2-aminoethyl) -L-cysteine (AEC), γ-methyllysis, α-chlorocaprolactam, and so on. Mutants that are resistant to these lysine analogues can be obtained by treating bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia with traditional mutagens. Specific examples of bacterial strains used to produce L-lysine include Escherichia coli strain AJ11442 (PERM BP-1543, NRRL B-12185; see US Pat. No. 4,346,170) and Escherichia coli strain VL611. In these microorganisms, aspartokinase is resistant to feedback inhibition by L-lysine.

Strain WC196 can be used as a bacterium producer of L-lysine Escherichia coli. This bacterial strain was obtained by selection of the phenotype of resistance to AEC in strain W3110, derived from strain Escherichia coli K-12. The resulting strain was named Escherichia coli AJ13069 and was deposited at the National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry), currently called the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, International Organizational Depository for Patenting, Central 6, 1-1, Higashi 1-Chome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 305-8566, Japan ( National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, International Patent Organism Depositary, Central 6, 1-1, Higashi 1-Chome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 305-8566, Japan), December 6, 1994 and received accession number FERM P -14690. Then, the strain was internationally deposited in accordance with the terms of the Budapest Treaty on September 29, 1995, and the strain received accession number FERM BP-5252 (US patent 5827698).

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce bacteria producing L-lysine also include strains in which the expression of one or more genes encoding L-lysine biosynthesis enzymes is enhanced. Examples of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of L-lysine include, but are not limited to, dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dapA), aspartokinase (lysC), dihydrodipicolinate reductase (dapB), diaminopimelate carboxylase (lysA), diaminoproimene-patent-yl-6-azolephenol-6-enumero-carboxymene-6-carboxylic acid. ppc), aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asd), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide transhydrogenase (pntAB) and aspartase (aspA) (European application EP 1 253 195 A). In addition, parental strains may have an increased expression level of a gene involved in the respiration process (cyo) (European application EP 1170376 A), a gene encoding nicotinamide nucleotranshydrogenase (pntAB) (US patent 5,830,716), ybjE gene (PCT application WO 2005/073390) , or combinations of these genes.

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-lysine producing bacteria also include strains in which the activity of enzymes catalyzing the formation of non-L-lysine compounds branching off from the main L-lysine biosynthesis pathway is reduced or absent. Examples of enzymes that catalyze the formation of non-L-lysine compounds branching off from the main L-lysine biosynthesis pathway include homoserine dehydrogenase, lysine decarboxylase (US Pat. No. 5,827,698) and malate dehydrogenase (PCT application WO 2005/010175).

L-cysteine producing bacterium

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-cysteine-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strain JM15 transformed with various cysE gene alleles coding for resistance to inhibition by feedback type serine acetyltransferase (US patent 6218168, patent application of the Russian Federation 2003121601); E. coli strain W3110 containing overexpressed genes encoding a protein capable of secretion of compounds toxic to the cell (US patent 5972663); E. coli strains containing cysteine desulfohydrase with reduced activity (Japanese patent JP 11155571 A2); E. coli strain W3110 with increased activity of the positive transcriptional regulator of the cysteine regulon encoded by the cysB gene (international PCT application WO 0127307A1) and the like.

L-Leucine Producer Bacteria

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-leucine producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strains that are resistant to leucine analogs, including, for example, β-2 -thienylalanine, 3-hydroxyleucine, 4-azaleucine and 5,5,5-trifluoroleucine (Japanese Patent Laid-open 62-34397 and 8-70879), E. coli strains obtained using the genetic engineering methods described in PCT 96 / 06926; E. coli strain H-9068 (JP8-70879A), and the like.

The bacterium can be improved by enhancing the expression of one or more genes involved in the biosynthesis of L-leucine. Examples of such genes include the leuABCD operon genes, which can be represented by the mutant leuA gene encoding feedback feedback depleted L-leucine isopropyl malate synthase (US patent 6403342). In addition, the bacterium of the present invention can be improved by enhancing the expression of one or more genes encoding proteins that export the L-amino acid from a bacterial cell. Examples of such genes include the b2682 and b2683 genes (ygaZH genes) (European application EP 1239041 A2).

L-histidine producing bacterium

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-histidine-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, L-histidine-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli 24 strain (VKPM B-5945, patent RF 2003677); E. coli strain 80 (VKPM B-7270, RF patent 2119536); E. coli strains NRRL B-12116-B12121 (US Pat. No. 4,388,405); E. coli strains H-9342 (FERM BP-6675) and H-9343 (FERM BP-6676) (US patent 6344347); E. coli strain H-9341 (FERM BP-6674) (European Patent 1085087); E. coli strain AI80 / pFM201 (US Pat. No. 6,258,554) and the like.

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce bacteria producing L-histidine also include strains in which the expression of one or more genes encoding L-histidine biosynthesis enzymes is enhanced. Examples of such genes include genes encoding ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase (hisG), phosphoribosyl-AMP-cyclohydrolase (hisI), phosphoribosyl-ATP-phosphohydrolase (hisIE), phosphoribosylformimino-hisimonosulfonamide (isomerizide) isomerizomerase histidinolphosphatase (hisB), histidinol dehydrogenase (hisD), etc.

It is known that genes encoding L-histidine biosynthesis enzymes (hisG, hisBHAFI) are inhibited by L-histidine, therefore, the ability to produce L-histidine can also be significantly enhanced by introducing a feedback inhibition mutation into the ATP-gene phosphoriboside transferase (hisG) (RF patents. 2003677 and 2119536).

Specific examples of strains with the ability to produce L-histidine include E. coli FERM-P 5038 and 5048, into which a vector containing DNA encoding the L-histidine biosynthesis enzyme (Japanese application 56-005099 A), strains E. coli into which the rht gene has been introduced for export of the amino acid (European application EP 1016710 A), strain E. coli 80, which is given resistance to sulfaguanidine, DL-1,2,4-triazole-3-alanine and streptomycin (VKPM B- 7270, RF patent. 2119536), etc.

L-glutamic acid producing bacterium

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-glutamic acid producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strain VL334 thrC ⁺ (European patent EP 1172433). Strain E. coli VL334 (VKPM B-1641) is an auxotroph of L-isoleucine and L-threonine with mutations in the thrC and ilvA genes (US patent 4278765). The natural allele of the thrC gene was transferred to this strain by the general transduction method using bacteriophage P1 grown on cells of the natural E. coli K12 strain (VKPM B-7). The result was a strain, auxotroph for L-isoleucine, VL334thrC ⁺ (VKPM B-8961), which is capable of producing L-glutamic acid.

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-glutamic acid producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains defective in α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, or strains in which the expression of one or more genes encoding enzymes is enhanced biosynthesis of L-glutamic acid. Examples of such enzymes include glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), glutamine synthetase (glnA), glutamate synthetase (gltAB), isocitrate dehydrogenase (icdA), aconitate hydrate, acnA, acnu zarzudenosefruzidazufarzudenosephase (glutamine), phosphate synthase pykA, pykF), phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (ppsA), enolase (eno), phosphoglycerometase (pgmA, pgmI), phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapA) isofluosophosphate pfkB) and glucose phosphatisomerase (pgi).

Examples of strains modified in such a way that the expression of the citrate synthetase gene, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene and / or glutamate dehydrogenase gene is enhanced include EP 1078989 A, EP 955368 A and EP 952221 A described in European applications.

Examples of strains modified in such a way that the expression of citrate synthetase and / or phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase genes and / or activity-deficient α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is reduced include those described in European applications EP 1078989 A, EP 955368 A and EP 952221 A.

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-glutamic acid producing bacteria also include strains in which enzyme activity is reduced or absent that catalyzes the synthesis of compounds other than L-glutamic acid that branch off from the main biosynthesis pathway of L-glutamic acid. Examples of such enzymes include isocitrate lyase (ACEA), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (sucA), phosphotransacetylase (pta), acetate kinase (ack), acetohydroxy acid synthase (ilvG), acetolactate transfluenzoase (ILV), ) Bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia, lacking the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase or having reduced activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and methods for their preparation are described in US patents 5,378,616 and 5,573,945. Specifically, examples of such strains may include the following strains:

E. coli W3110sucA :: Km ^R

E. coli AJ12624 (FERM BP-3853)

E. coli AJ12628 (FERM BP-3854)

E. coli AJ12949 (FERM BP-4881)

E. coli W3110sucA :: Km ^R is a strain obtained by disrupting the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase gene (hereinafter referred to as the “sucA gene”) in E. coli strain W3110. In this strain, the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is completely absent.

Other examples of bacteria producing L-glutamic acid include bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia and resistant to aspartic acid antimetabolites and deficient in the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, for example, strain AJ13199 (FERM BP-5807) or US patent 5,908,768) strain FERM P-12379, additionally having low activity for the cleavage of L-glutamic acid (US patent 5,393,671); E. coli strain AJ13138 (FERM BP-5565) (US patent 6,110,714) and the like.

Examples of the L-glutamic acid producing bacterium include mutant strains belonging to the genus Pantoea that are devoid of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity or have reduced α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, and can be obtained as described above. Examples of such strains are Pantoea ananatis AJ13356 strain (US patent 6,331,419), Pantoea ananatis AJ13356 strain deposited at the National Institute of Biological Sciences and Human Technologies, Agency for Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry (National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry) (currently called the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, International Organizational Depository for Patenting Purposes, Central 6, 1-1, Higashi 1- Ome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 305-8566, Japan - National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, International Patent Organism Depositary, Central 6, 1-1, Higashi 1-Chome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 305-8566, Japan) February 19, 1998 and received FERM P-16645. Then, the strain was internationally deposited in accordance with the conditions of the Budapest Treaty of January 11, 1999, and the strain received accession number FERM BP-6615. The Pantoea ananatis strain AJ13356 does not have α-KGDH activity as a result of the destruction of the αKGDH-E1 gene subunit (sucA). The above strain, when isolated, was identified as Enterobacter agglomerans and deposited as Enterobacter agglomerans AJ13356 strain. However, it was later classified as Pantoea ananatis based on the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence and other evidence. Although strain AJ13356 has been deposited with Enterobacter agglomerans at the above depository, it will be referred to as Pantoea ananatis for the purposes of this description.

L-phenylalanine producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-phenylalanine-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as strain AJ12739 (tyrA :: Tn10, tyrR) (VKMP B-8197); strain HW1089 (ATCC-55371) containing the pheA34 gene (US patent 5354672); mutant strain MWEC101-b (KR8903681); strains NRRL B-12141, NRRL B-12145, NRRL B-12146 and NRRL B-12147 (US Pat. No. 4,407,952) and the like. Also, bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia, producers of L-phenylalanine, such as E. coli strain K-12 [W3110 (tyrA) / pPHAB] (FERM BP-3566), E. coli K strain, can be used as parent strains. -12 [W3110 (tyrA) / pPHAD] (FERM BP-12659), strain E. coli K-12 [W3110 (tyrA) / pPHATerm] (FERM BP-12662) and strain E. coli K-12 [W3110 (tyrA ) / pBR-aroG4, pACMAB], named as AJ12604 (FERM BP-3579) (European patent EP 488424 B1). In addition, L-phenylalanine producing bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia with increased activity of the proteins encoded by the yedA gene or yddG gene can also be used (US patent applications 2003/0148473 A1 and 2003/0157667 A1).

L-tryptophan producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-tryptophan-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, L-tryptophan-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strains JP4735 / pMU3028 (DSM10122) and JP6015 / pMU91 (DSM10123) lacking the activity of tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase encoded by the mutant trpS gene (US patent 5756345); E. coli strain SV164 (pGH5) containing a serA allele encoding a phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase non-feedback inhibitable serine and a trpE allele encoding anthranilate synthase non-feedback inhibitory tryptophan (US Pat. No. 6,180,373); E. coli strains AGX17 (pGX44) (NRRL B-12263) and AGX6 (pGX50) aroP (NRRL B-12264) in which tryptophanase activity is absent (US patent 4371614); E. coli strain AGX17 / pGX50, pACKG4-pps, which enhances the ability to synthesize phosphoenolpyruvate (PCT application W09708333, US patent 6319696), and the like. Bacteria producing L-tryptophan belonging to the genus Escherichia can also be used, in which the activity of the protein encoded by the yedA gene or yddG gene is increased (US patent applications 2003/0148473 A1 and 2003/0157667 A1).

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-tryptophan-producing bacteria according to the present invention also include strains in which the activity of one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of anthranilate synthase, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, and tryptophan synthase is increased. Both anthranilate synthase and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase are feedback inhibited by L-tryptophan and L-serine, so mutations can be introduced into these enzymes that reduce the sensitivity to feedback inhibition. Specific examples of strains with such a mutation include E. coli SV164, whose anthranilate synthase is not sensitive to feedback inhibition, and a transformant strain obtained by introducing the plasmid pGH5 into E. coli SV164 (PCT application WO 94/08031), which contains the mutant gene serA encoding phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, which is not sensitive to feedback inhibition.

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-tryptophan-producing bacteria also include strains that have introduced a tryptophan operon containing a gene encoding anthranilate synthase that is not sensitive to feedback inhibition (Japanese application 57-71397 A, Japanese Patent Application 62-244382 A, U.S. Patent 4,371,614). In addition, the ability to produce L-tryptophan can be imparted by enhancing the expression of a gene (from the tryptophan operon) encoding tryptophan synthase (trpBA). Tryptophan synthase consists of two subunits α and β, which are encoded by trpA and trpB, respectively. In addition, the ability to produce L-tryptophan can be increased by enhancing the expression of the isocytratliase-malatesynthase operon (PCT application WO 2005/103275).

L-proline producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-proline producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strain 702ilvA (VKPM B-8012) deficient in the ilvA gene and capable of producing L-proline (European patent EP 1172433). The bacterium can be improved by enhancing the expression of one or more genes involved in L-proline biosynthesis. Preferably, examples of such genes for bacterium-producing L-proline include the proB gene encoding glutamate kinase with desensitized feedback regulation of L-proline (German patent 3127361). In addition, the bacterium of the present invention can be improved by enhancing the expression of one or more genes encoding proteins involved in the excretion of an L-amino acid from a bacterial cell. Examples of such genes are the b2682 and b2683 genes (ygaZH genes) (European Patent Application EP 1239041 A2).

Examples of bacteria belonging to the genus Escherichia and possessing the ability to produce L-proline include the following E. coli strains: NRRL B-12403 and NRRL B-12404 (UK patent GB 2075056), VKPM B-8012 (RF patent application 2000124295), plasmid mutants described in German patent DE 3127361, plasmid mutants described in Bloom FR et al (The 15 ^th Miami winter symposium, 1983, p. 34), and the like.

L-arginine producing bacterium

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-arginine producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as E. coli strain 237 (VKPM B-7925) (US patent application 2002 / 058315 A1) and its derivatives containing mutant N-acetylglutamate synthase (RF patent application 2001112869), E. coli 382 strain (VKPM B-7926) (European patent application EP 1170358 A1), arginine producer strain into which the argA gene is introduced, encoding N-acetylglutamate synthetase (European patent application EP 1170361 A1), and the like e them.

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-arginine producing bacteria also include strains in which the expression of one or more genes encoding L-arginine biosynthesis enzymes is enhanced. Examples of L-arginine biosynthesis enzymes include N-acetylglutamylphosphate reductase (argC), ornithine acetyltransferase (argJ), N-acetyl glutamate kinase (argB), acetylornithine transaminase (argD), ornithinecarbamoyl transferase (argF), argin acid, argin acid) and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (carAB).

L-citrulline producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce the citrulline producer bacteria of the present invention include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as N-acetylglutamate synthase mutant strains of E. coli 237 / pMADS11, 237 / pMADS12 and 237 / pMADS13 (RU 2215783, EP 1170361 B1, US 6790647 B2).

Also, the L-citrulline producing bacterium can be obtained from any arginine producing bacterium, for example, from E. coli 382 strain (VKPM B-7926), by inactivating the arginine succinate synthase encoded by the argG gene.

The phrase "inactivation of arginine succinate synthase" means that the bacterium is modified so that the modified bacterium contains inactive arginine succinate synthase, or it may also mean that the bacterium is not capable of synthesizing arginine succinate synthase. Inactivation of arginine succinate synthase can be accomplished by inactivation of the argG gene.

The phrase "inactivation of the argG gene" means that the modified gene encodes a fully non-functional protein. It is also possible that the region of the modified DNA is not capable of naturally expressing the gene due to deletion of part of the gene or the entire gene, shift of the reading frame of the gene, insertion of the missense / nonsense mutation (s), or modification of regions adjacent to the gene, including sequences that control gene expression such as promoter, enhancer, attenuator, ribosome binding site, etc.

The presence or absence of the argG gene on the bacterial chromosome can be determined by well-known methods, including PCR, Southern blotting, etc. In addition, the level of gene expression can be estimated by determining the amount of RNA transcribed from the gene using various known methods, including Northern blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, etc. The amount of protein encoded by the argG gene can be determined by known methods, including SDS-PAGE electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting (Western blotting), etc.

The expression of the argG gene can be attenuated by introducing a mutation into the gene on the chromosome such that the intracellular activity of the protein encoded by the gene is reduced compared to that in the unmodified strain. Such a gene mutation can be the substitution of one or more bases for amino acid substitution in the encoded protein (missense mutation), insertion of a stop codon (nonsense mutation), deletion of one or more bases for reading frame shift, insertion of the resistance gene an antibiotic, or a deletion of a gene or part thereof (Qiu, Z. and Goodman, MF, J. Biol. Chem., 272, 8611-8617 (1997); Kwon, DH et al, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 46, 793-796 (2000)). The expression of the argG gene can also be attenuated by modifying the expression of regulatory sequences, such as a promoter, a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence, etc. (PCT application WO 95/34672; Carrier, T.A. and Keasling, J.D., Biotechnol Prog 15, 58-64 (1999)).

For example, the following methods can be used to introduce mutations by gene recombination. A mutant gene is constructed that encodes a mutant protein with reduced activity, and the bacterium for its modification is transformed with a DNA fragment containing the mutant gene. Then the native gene on the chromosome is replaced by homologous recombination with the mutant gene, and the resulting strain is selected. Such gene substitution using homologous recombination can be carried out using a linear DNA method known as “Red-dependent integration” or “Red-system integration” (Datsenko, KA, Wanner, BL, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 97, 12, 6640-6645 (2000), PCT application WO 2005/010175) or by a method using a plasmid whose replication is temperature sensitive (US patent 6,303,383 or Japanese patent application JP 05-007491 A). Further, the introduction of a site-specific mutation by gene replacement using the aforementioned homologous recombination can also be carried out using a plasmid with reduced replication ability in the host cell.

Gene expression can also be attenuated by inserting a transposon or IS factor into the coding region of the gene (US Pat. No. 5,175,107), or by conventional methods such as mutagenesis using UV radiation or treatment with nitrosoguanidine (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine).

L-ornithine producing bacterium

The L-ornithine producing bacterium can be easily obtained from any arginine producing bacterium, for example, E. coli 382 strain (VKPM B-7926), by inactivating the ornithine carbamoyltransferase encoded by the argF and argI genes. Methods for inactivating ornithine carbamoyltransferase are described above.

L-valine producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-valine producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains belonging to the genus Escherichia, such as H-81 (VKPM B-8066), NRRL B-12287 and NRRL B-12288 (US patent 4,391,907), VKPM B-4411 (US patent 5,658,766), VKPM B-7707 (European patent application EP 1016710 A2), and the like.

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-valine producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, strains modified to overexpress ilvGMEDA operon (US Pat. No. 5,998,178). It is desirable to remove the region of the ilvGMEDA operon that is necessary to attenuate expression so that the expression of the operon is not attenuated by the resulting L-valine. Furthermore, the ilvA gene can be destroyed in the operon in order to reduce the activity of threonine deaminase.

Examples of parental strains that can be used to produce L-valine producing bacteria also include mutant strains having an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase mutation (US Pat. No. 5,658,766). For example, a strain of E. coli VL1970, which has a mutation in the ileS gene encoding isoleucine-tRNA synthetase, can be used. The strain E. coli VL1970 was deposited in the Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) on June 24, 1988 with accession number VKPM B-4411.

Further, mutant strains that require lipoic acid and / or with an insufficient amount of H ⁺ -ATPase (PCT application WO 96/06926) can also be used as parent strains.

L-isoleucine producing bacterium

Examples of parent strains that can be used to produce L-isoleucine-producing bacteria include, but are not limited to, mutant strains resistant to 6-dimethylaminopurine (Japanese application 5-304969A), mutant strains resistant to isoleucine analogue, such as thiaisoleucine and isoleucine hydroxamate, and mutant strains additionally resistant to DL-ethionine and / or arginine hydroxamate (Japanese application 5-130882A). In addition, recombinant strains transformed with genes encoding proteins involved in the biosynthesis of L-isoleucine, such as threonine deaminase and acetohydroxate synthase (Japanese application 2-458A, French patent 0356739 and US patent 5998178) can also be used as parent strains.

2. Method

The method according to the present invention is a method for producing an L-amino acid, comprising the steps of growing a bacterium according to the present in a nutrient medium in order to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in a nutrient medium and isolate the L-amino acid from the culture fluid.

The cultivation, isolation and purification of the L-amino acid from a culture or similar liquid can be carried out in a manner similar to traditional fermentation methods in which the amino acid is produced using bacteria.

The nutrient medium used for growing can be either synthetic or natural, provided that the medium contains sources of carbon, nitrogen, mineral additives and, if necessary, the appropriate amount of nutrient additives necessary for the growth of microorganisms. Various carbohydrates such as glucose or sucrose and other organic acids can be used as a carbon source. Depending on the type of assimilation of the microorganism used, alcohol may also be used, including ethanol and glycerin. Various inorganic ammonium salts, such as ammonia and ammonium sulfate, other nitrogen compounds, such as amines, natural nitrogen sources, such as peptone, soybean hydrolyzate, microorganism fermentolizate, can be used as a nitrogen source. As mineral additives, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, iron sulfate, manganese sulfate, calcium chloride and the like can be used. As vitamins, thiamine, yeast extract, and the like can be used.

Cultivation can be carried out under aerobic conditions, such as mixing the culture fluid on a rocking chair, shaking with aeration, at a temperature in the range from 20 to 40 ° C, or in the range from 30 to 38 ° C in another example. The pH of the medium is maintained in the range from 5 to 9, or from 6.5 to 7.2 in another example. The pH of the medium can be adjusted by ammonia, calcium carbonate, various acids, bases and buffer solutions. Typically, growing for 1 to 5 days leads to the accumulation of the target L-amino acid in the culture medium.

After growth, solid residues, such as cells, can be removed from the culture fluid by centrifugation or filtration through a membrane, and then the L-amino acid can be isolated and purified by ion exchange chromatography, concentration and / or crystallization.

Examples

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the following non-limiting Examples.

Example 1. Construction of E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR

The E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR was obtained by replacing the region of the native promoter of the ycfR gene in strain MG1655 with the P _L-tac promoter.

To replace the region of the native renaycfR promoter, a DNA fragment containing the P _L-tac promoter and the chloramphenicol resistance marker (Cm ^R ) encoded by the cat gene was integrated into the chromosome of E. coli strain MG1655 instead of the native promoter region by the method described by Datsenko KA and Wanner BL ( Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97, 6640-6645), also called "Red-Dependent Integration" and / or "Red-Directed Integration".

A fragment containing the P _L-tac promoter linked to the cat gene was obtained by PCR using the E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac xylE as the chromosomal DNA template (WO 2006/043730). The nucleotide sequence of the P _L-tac promoter is presented in the Sequence Listing (SEQ ID NO: 3). For amplification, primers P1 (SEQ ID NO: 4) and P2 (SEQ ID NO: 5) were used. Primer P1 contains 36 nucleotides complementary to a region localized at 146 bp. before the start codon of the ycfR gene inserted into the primer for further integration into the bacterial chromosome, and the P2 primer contains 36 nucleotides identical to the 5'-sequence of the ycfR gene.

PCR was performed using a Gene Amp PCR System 2700 amplifier (Applied Biosystems). The PCR reaction mixture (total volume 50 μl) contained 5 μl of 10 × PCR buffer with 15 mM MgCl ₂ (Fermentas, Lithuania), no. 200 μM of each dNTP, 25 pcM of each primer used and 1 Unit. Taq polymerases ("Fermentas", Lithuania). As a template for PCR, approximately 20 ng of E. coli MG1655P _L-tac xylE genomic DNA was added to the reaction mixture.

The temperature conditions were as follows: initial denaturation of DNA for 5 min at 95 ° C; then 35 cycles: denaturation at 95 ° C for 30 sec, annealing at 54 ° C for 30 sec and elongation at 72 ° C for 1.5 min; final elongation for 5 min at 72 ° C. The amplified DNA fragment was then purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, isolated using GenElute Spin Columns (Sigma, USA), and ethanol precipitated. The obtained DNA fragment was used for electroporation and Red-dependent integration into the bacterial chromosome of E. coli strain MG1655 / pKD46.

MG1655 / pKD46 cells were grown overnight at 30 ° C in LB liquid medium containing ampicillin (100 μg / ml), then diluted 1: 100 with SOB medium (Yeast extract, 5 g / L; NaCl, 0.5 g / L; Trypton , 20 g / L; KCl, 2.5 mM; MgCl ₂ , 10 mM) containing ampicillin (100 μg / ml) and L-arabinose (10 mM) (arabinose is used to induce a plasmid containing the Red genes of the system) and grown at 30 ° C to achieve the optical density of the bacterial culture OD ₆₀₀ = 0.4-0.7. The grown cells from 10 ml of the bacterial culture were washed three times with ice-cold deionized water and suspended in 100 μl of water. 10 μl of a DNA fragment (100 ng) dissolved in deionized water was added to the cell suspension. Electroporation was carried out in a Bib-Rad electroporator (USA) (No. 165-2098, version 2-89) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. After electroporation, cells were added to 1 ml of SOC medium (Sambrook et al., "Molecular Cloning A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989)), incubated for 2 hours at 37 ° C, then plated on L agar containing 25 μg / ml chloramphenicol. Colonies grown for 24 h were tested for the presence of the Cm ^R marker instead of the region of the native ycfR gene promoter, by PCR using primers PZ (SEQ ID NO: 6) and P4 (SEQ ID NO: 7). For this, freshly isolated colonies were suspended in 20 μl of water, then 1 μl of the resulting suspension was used in PCR. The temperature conditions were as follows: initial denaturation of DNA for 10 min at 95 ° C; then 30 cycles: denaturation at 95 ° C for 30 sec, annealing at 55 ° C for 30 sec and elongation at 72 ° C for 1 min; final elongation for 7 min at 72 ° C. Several tested Cm ^R colonies contained the desired DNA fragment of ~ 2000 bp, which confirms the presence of the P _L-tac promoter and the DNA marker Cm ^R instead of 228 bp regions of the native ycfR gene promoter. One of the obtained strains was cured of the heat-sensitive plasmid pKD46 by culturing at 37 ° C; the obtained strain was named E. coli MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR.

Example 2. The production of L-arginine strain E. coli 382 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of enhancing the expression of renaycfR under the control of the P _L-tac promoter on L-arginine production, DNA fragments from the chromosome of the previously described E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR using P1 transduction were transferred to the L-arginine producing strain E. coli 382 (Miller, JH (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, Plainview, NY). Strain 382 was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) on April 10, 2000 with accession number VKPM V-7926.

Both strains, 382 and 382 P _L-tac ycfR, were separately grown with stirring at 37 ° C for 18 hours in 3 ml of nutrient broth, 0.3 ml of the resulting cultures were introduced into 2 ml of fermentation medium in 20 × 200 mm tubes and cultures were grown at 32 ° C and at 37 ° C for 48 hours on a rotary shaker.

After growing, the amount of L-arginine accumulated in the medium was determined by paper chromatography, and the following composition of the mobile phase was used: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1 (v / v). A solution of ninhydrin (2%) in acetone was used for visualization. A spot containing L-arginine was excised; L-arginine was eluted with a 0.5% aqueous solution of CdCl ₂ , after which the amount of L-arginine was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 540 nm.

The composition of the used fermentation medium (g / l):

Glucose 48.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 35.0 KH ₂ PO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 1.0 Thiamine HCl 0.0002 Yeast extract 1.0 L-isoleucine 0.1 CaCO ₃ 5.0

Glucose and magnesium sulfate were sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 was} dry heat sterilized at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The pH was adjusted to 7.0.

Fermentation tube results are presented in Table 1. As follows from Table 1, strain 382 P _L-tac ycfR with enhanced expression of the ycfR gene at both growing temperatures accumulated more L-arginine than the parent strain producing L-arginine E. coli 382.

Example 3. Production of L-citrulline by E. coli strain 382ΔargG P _L-tac fR

To assess the effect of increased ycfR gene expression on L-citrulline production, strain 382ΔargG P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli 382ΔargG citrulline producing strain. The 382ΔargG strain can be obtained by deletion of the argG gene on the chromosome of strain 382 (VKPM B-7926) using the method proposed by Datsenko, KA and Wanner, BL (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97 (12), 6640-6645), called "Red-Dependent Integration". In accordance with this procedure, PCR primers homologous to both the region adjacent to the argG gene and the gene responsible for antibiotic resistance can be designed. Plasmid pMW118-attL-Cm-attR (WO 05/010175) can be used as a template in PCR.

Both strains of E. coli, 382ΔargG and 382ΔargG P _L-tac ycfR, can be individually grown with stirring at 37 ° C for 18 hours in 3 ml of culture medium, and 0.3 ml of the resulting cultures can be transferred to 2 ml of fermentation medium in 20 × 200-mm tubes and can be cultured at 32 ° C for 48 hours on a rotary shaker.

After growing, the amount of L-citrulline accumulated in the medium can be determined by paper chromatography using the mobile phase of the following composition: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1 (v / v). Subsequent staining can be performed with ninhydrin (2% solution in acetone). A spot containing L-citrulline can be excised, L-citrulline can be eluted using a 0.5% aqueous solution of CdClz.n the amount of L-citrulline can be determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 540 nm.

Possible composition of the fermentation medium (g / l):

Glucose 48.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 35.0 KH ₂ PO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 1.0 Thiamine HCl 0.0002 Yeast extract 1.0 L-isoleucine 0.1 L-arginine 0.1 CaCO ₃ 5.0

Glucose and magnesium sulfate are sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 is} sterilized by dry heat at 180 ° C. for 2 hours. The pH is adjusted to 7.0.

Example 4. Production of L-ornithine by E. coli strain 382ΔargFΔargI P _L-tac ycfR

To assess the effect of increased ycfR gene expression on L-ornithine production, strain 382ΔargFΔargI P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli L-ornithine producer strain 382ΔargFΔargI. The 382ΔargFΔargI strain can be obtained by successive deletions of the argF and argI genes on the chromosome of strain 382 (VKPM B-7926) using the method proposed by Datsenko, KA and Wanner, BL (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97 ( 12), 6640-6645), called "Red-Dependent Integration". In accordance with this procedure, two pairs of PCR primers can be constructed that are homologous to both the regions adjacent to the argF and argI genes and the gene responsible for antibiotic resistance. Plasmid pMW118-attL-Cm-attR (WO 05/010175) can be used as a template in PCR.

Both strains of E. coli, 382ΔargFΔargI and 382ΔargFΔargI P _L-tac ycfR, can be separately grown with stirring at 37 ° C for 18 hours in 3 ml of culture medium, and 0.3 ml of the resulting cultures can be transferred to 2 ml of fermentation medium in test tubes 20 × 200 mm and can be cultured at 32 ° C for 48 hours on a rotary shaker.

After growing, the amount of L-ornithine accumulated in the medium can be determined by paper chromatography using the mobile phase of the following composition: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1 (v / v). Subsequent staining can be performed with ninhydrin (2% solution in acetone). A spot containing L-ornithine can be excised, L-ornithine can be eluted using a 0.5% aqueous solution of CdCl _2, and the amount of L-ornithine can be determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 540 nm.

Possible composition of the fermentation medium (g / l):

Glucose 48.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 35.0 KH ₂ PO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 1.0 Thiamine HCl 0.0002 Yeast extract 1.0 L-isoleucine 0.1 L-arginine 0.1 CaCO ₃ 5.0

Glucose and magnesium sulfate are sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 is} sterilized by dry heat at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The pH is adjusted to 7.0.

Example 5. Production of L-threonine by E. coli strain B-3996 P _L-tac ycfR

To assess the effect of increased expression of the ycfR gene on the production of threonine, DNA fragments from the chromosome of the previously described E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR using P1 transduction can be transferred to E. coli VKPM B-3996 strain producer (Miller, JH (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, Plainview, NY) to obtain strain B-3996 P _l-tac ycfR. Strain B-3996 was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Road passage, 1) with accession number B-3996.

Both strains, B-3996 and B-3996 P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown at 37 ° C for 18-24 hours on L-agar. To obtain a seed culture, these strains can be grown at 32 ° C for 18 hours on a rotary shaker (250 rpm) in 20 × 200 mm test tubes containing 2 ml of L-broth with 4% glucose. Then, 0.2 ml (10%) of the inoculum culture can be introduced into the fermentation medium. Fermentation can be carried out in 2 ml of minimal fermentation medium in test tubes measuring 20 × 200 mm. Cells can be grown for 65 hours at 32 ° C with stirring (250 rpm).

After growing, the amount of L-threonine accumulated in the medium can be determined by paper chromatography using the mobile phase of the following composition: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1 (v / v). For visualization, a solution (2%) of ninhydrin in acetone can be used. A stain containing L-threonine can be excised; L-threonine can be eluted with a 0.5% aqueous solution of CdCl ₂ , after which the amount of L-threonine can be estimated spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 540 nm.

The composition of the medium for fermentation (g / l):

Glucose 80.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 22.0 NaCl 0.8 KH ₂ PO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.8 FeSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.02 MnSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.02 Thiamine HCl 0.0002 Yeast extract 1.0 CaCO ₃ 30.0

Glucose and magnesium sulfate are sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 is} sterilized by dry heat at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The pH was adjusted to 7.0. Antibiotics are added to the medium after sterilization.

Example 6. Production of L-lysine by E. coli strain AJ11442 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of increased geneaus / P expression on L-lysine production, AJ11442 P _L-tac ycfR strain can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli L-lysine producing strain AJ1442.

Both strains of E. coli, AJ11442 and AJ11442 P _L-tac ycfR, can be cultured in L-medium at 37 ° C, and 0.3 ml of the obtained culture can be inoculated in 20 ml of fermentation medium containing the necessary antibiotics in 500-ml flasks. ml Cultivation can be carried out at 37 ° C for 16 hours using a reciprocating rocking chair with a stirring speed of 115 rpm. After growing, the amount of L-lysine and residual glucose in the medium can be measured in a known manner (Biotech-analyzer AS210, manufacturer - Sakura Seiki Co.). Then, the yield of L-lysine can be calculated relative to the consumed glucose for each strain.

Can be used in a fermentation medium of the following composition (g / l):

Glucose 40.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 24.0 K ₂ HPO ₄ 1.0 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 1.0 FeSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.01 MnSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.01 Yeast extract 2.0

The pH was adjusted to 7.0 with KOH and the medium was autoclaved at 115 ° C for 10 minutes. Glucose and MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O are sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 is} sterilized by dry heat at 180 ° C for 2 hours and added to the medium to a concentration of 30 g / l.

Example 7. Production of L-cysteine by E. coli strain JM15 (ydeD) P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of enhancing renaycfR expression on L-cysteine production, JM15 (ydeD) P _L-tac ycfR strain can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY ) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli JM15 L-cysteine producing strain JM15 (ydeD).

The strain E. coli JM15 (ydeD) is a derivative of the strain E. coli JM15 (US patent 6218168), which can be transformed with DNA containing the ydeD gene encoding a membrane protein that is not involved in the biosynthesis of any of the L-amino acids (US patent 5972663 ) Strain JM15 (CGSC # 5042) can be obtained from the Coli Genetic Fund Collection at the E. coli Genetic Resource Center, MCD Biology Department, Yale University (http: // cgsc .biology.yale.edu /).

Fermentation conditions for evaluating L-cysteine production are described in detail in Example 6 of US Pat. No. 6,218,168.

Example 8. The production of L-leucine strain E. coli 57 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of amplification of ycfR gene expression on L-leucine production, 57 P _L-tac ycfR strain can be obtained by transferring fragments using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) Chromosome DNA of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli 57 L-leucine producer strain (VKPM B-7386, US Pat. No. 6,124,121). Strain 57 was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) on May 19, 1997 with accession number VKPM B-7386.

Both strains of E. coli 57 and 57 P _L-tac ycfR can be grown for 18-24 hours at 37 ° C on plates with L-agar. To obtain a seed culture, these strains can be grown on a rotary shaker (250 rpm) at 32 ° C for 18 hours in 20 × 200 mm test tubes containing 2 ml of L-broth with 4% sucrose. Then, 0.2 ml (10%) of seed can be introduced into the fermentation medium. Fermentation can be carried out in 2 ml of minimal fermentation medium in test tubes measuring 20 × 200 mm. Cells can be grown for 48-72 hours at 32 ° C with stirring (250 rpm). The amount of L-leucine can be measured using paper chromatography (mobile phase composition: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1).

A fermentation medium (pH 7.2) of the following composition (g / l) can be used:

Glucose 60.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 25.0 K ₂ HPO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ H ₂ O 1.0 Thiamine 0.01 CaCO ₃ 25.0

Glucose and CaCO _{3 are} sterilized separately.

Example 9. Production of L-histidine by E. coli strain 80 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of enhanced tenaus / R expression on L-histidine production, strain 80 P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) of DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR into the L-histidine producing strain E.coli 80. Strain 80 is described in RF patent 2119536 and deposited in the All-Russian collection of industrial microorganisms (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Road passage , 1) October 15, 1999 with the inventory number VKPM B-7270 and then, July 12, 2004 an international deposit was made the cultivation of this strain according to the conditions of the Budapest Treaty.

Both strains of E. coli, 80 and 80 P _L-tac ycfR, can be individually grown on L-broth at 29 ° C for 6 hours. Then, 0.1 ml of the obtained cultures can be introduced into 2 ml of fermentation medium in 20 × 200 mm test tubes, and the cultures can be grown at 29 ° С for 65 hours on a rotary shaker (350 rpm). After growing, the amount of histidine accumulated in the medium can be determined by paper chromatography. The mobile phase of the following composition can be used: p-butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1 (v / v). A solution of ninhydrin (0.5%) in acetone can be used for visualization.

A fermentation medium (pH 6.0) of the following composition (g / l) can be used:

Glucose 100.0 Mameno (soybean hydrolyzate)  0.2 total nitrogen L-proline 1.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 25.0 KH ₂ PO ₄ 2.0 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 1.0 FeSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.01 MnSO ₄ 0.01 Thiamine 0.001 Betaine 2.0 CaCO ₃ 60.0

Glucose, proline, betaine and CaCO _{3 are} sterilized separately. The pH is adjusted to 6.0 before sterilization.

Example 10. The production of L-glutamic acid strain E. coli VL334thrC ⁺ P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of increased expression of the ycfR gene on L-glutamic acid production, strain VL334thrC ⁺ -P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) chromosome DNA fragments of the above E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR in the E. coli L-glutamic acid producer strain VL334thrC ⁺ (EP 1172433). Strain VL334thrC + was deposited in the All-Russian collection of industrial microorganisms (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) December 6, 2004 with accession number VKPM V-8961. Then, on December 8, 2004, an international deposit of this strain was made in accordance with the terms of the Budapest Treaty.

Both strains of E. coli, VL334thrC ⁺ and VL334thrC ⁺ P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown on L-agar plates at 37 ° C for 18-24 hours. Further, one loop of cells can be transferred to tubes containing 2 ml of fermentation medium. The fermentation medium may contain glucose (60 g / l), ammonium sulfate (25 g / l), KH ₃ PO ₄ (2 g / l), MgSO ₄ (1 g / l), thiamine (0.1 mg / ml), L isoleucine (70 μg / ml), and CaCO ₃ (25 g / l). The pH was adjusted to 7.2. Glucose and chalk are sterilized separately. Cultivation can be carried out at 30 ° C for 3 days with stirring. After growing, the amount of L-glutamic acid obtained can be determined by paper chromatography (mobile phase composition: butanol: acetic acid: water = 4: 1: 1), followed by staining with ninhydrin (1% solution in acetone) and further eluting the obtained compounds in 50% ethanol with 0.5% CdCl ₂ .

Example 11. Production of L-phenylalanine by E. coli strain AJ12739 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of enhanced expression of the ycfR gene on L-phenylalanine production, E. coli strain AJ12739 P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the E. coli L-phenylalanine producing strain AJ12739. Strain AJ12739 was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, 1st Dorozhniy proezd, 1) November 6, 2001 with accession number VKPM B-8197. Then, on August 23, 2002, an international deposit of this strain was made in accordance with the terms of the Budapest Treaty.

Both strains of E. coli, AJ12739 and AJ12739 P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown at 37 ° C for 18 hours in nutrient broth, 0.3 ml of the obtained cultures can be introduced into 3 ml of fermentation medium in 20 × 200 mm tubes, and cultures can be grown at 37 ° C for 48 hours on a rotary shaker. At the end of the fermentation, the amount of phenylalanine accumulated in the medium can be determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). For this purpose, 10 × 15 cm TLC plates coated with a 0.11 mm layer of Sorbfil silica gel without a fluorescent indicator can be used (Sorbpolymer Joint-Stock Company, Krasnodar, Russia). Sorbfil plates can be exposed in the mobile phase of the following composition: propan-2-ol: ethyl acetate: 25% aqueous ammonia: water = 40: 40: 7: 16 (v / v). A solution (2%) of ninhydrin in acetone can be used for visualization.

Can be used in a fermentation medium of the following composition (g / l):

Glucose 40.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 16.0 K ₂ HPO ₄ 0.1 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 1.0 FeSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.01 MnSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.01 Thiamine HCl 0.0002 Yeast extract 2.0 Tyrosine 0.125 CaCO ₃ 20.0

Glucose and magnesium sulfate are sterilized separately. CaCO _{3 is} sterilized by dry heat at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The pH was adjusted to 7.0.

Example 12. Production of L-tryptophan by E. coli strain SV164 (pGH5) P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of enhancing ycfR gene expression on L-tryptophan production, E. coli strain SV164 (pGH5) can be obtained by transfer using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655P _L-tac ycfR in the producer strain of E. coli L-tryptophan SV164 P _l-tac (pGH5). Strain SV164 contains the trpE allele encoding anthranylate synthase that is not susceptible to tryptophan inhibition by feedback. Plasmid pGH5 contains the mutant gene serA, encoding phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, not susceptible to serine inhibition by feedback. Strain SV164 (pGH5) is described in detail in US patent 6180373 and European patent 0662143.

Both strains of E. coli, SV164 (pGH5) and SV164 (pGH5) P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown with stirring at 32 ° C for 18 hours in 3 ml of nutrient broth with tetracycline (plasmid marker pGH5, 10 mg / ml). The resulting cultures (0.3 ml each) can be added to 3 ml of tetracycline-containing fermentation medium (10 mg / ml) in 20 × 200 mm test tubes, and the cultures can be grown at 32 ° C for 72 hours on a rotary shaker at 250 rpm After growing, the amount of tryptophan accumulated in the medium can be determined using TLC, as described in Example 11.

The components of the fermentation medium used are shown in Table 2; the groups of components A, B, C, D, E, F and H are sterilized separately, as shown in Table 2, in order to avoid unwanted interactions during sterilization.

Example 13. Production of L-Proline by E. coli strain 702ilvA P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of increased expression of the ycfR gene on L-proline production, strain 702ilvA P _L-tac ycfR can be obtained by transferring fragments using P1 transduction (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) Chromosome DNA of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR. in the producer strain of L-proline E. coli 702ilvA. Strain 702ilvA was deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) (Russia, 117545 Moscow, ^1st Road passage, 1) with accession number VKPM B-8012 and then, on May 18, 2001, this strain was internationally deposited in accordance with the conditions of the Budapest Treaty.

Both strains of E. coli, 702ilvA and 702ilvA P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown for 18-24 hours at 37 ° C on plates with L-agar. Then fermentation using these strains can be carried out under the same conditions as described in Example 10.

Example 14. The production of L-valine strain E. coli H-81 P _L-tac ycfR

To analyze the effect of increased expression of the ycfR gene on L-valine production, the H-81 P _L-tac ycfR strain obtained by transfer using P1 transduction can be used (Miller, JH Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1972, Plainview, NY) DNA fragments of the chromosome of the above E. coli strain MG1655 P _L-tac ycfR into the L-valine producing strain of E. coli H-81.

Both strains, H-81 and H-81 P _L-tac ycfR, can be grown at 37 ° C for 18 hours in nutrient broth and 0.1 ml of each of the resulting cultures can be inoculated in 2 ml of fermentation medium in 20 × tubes 200 mm, and grown at 32 ° C for 72 hours on a rotary shaker. After culturing for 48 hours and 72 hours, the amount of accumulated L-valine can be determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). For this purpose, 10 × 15 cm TLC plates coated with a 0.11 mm layer of Sorbfil silica gel without a fluorescent indicator can be used (Sorbpolymer Joint-Stock Company, Krasnodar, Russia). Sorbfil plates can be exposed in the mobile phase of the following composition: propan-2-ol: ethyl acetate: 25% aqueous ammonia: water = 40: 40: 7: 16 (v / v). A solution (2%) of ninhydrin in acetone can be used for visualization.

The composition of the fermentation medium, (g / l):

Glucose 60.0 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 18.0 KH ₂ PO ₄ 1.8 MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 1.2 CaCO ₃ 20.0 Thiamine 0.0001

CaCO _{3 was} dry heat sterilized at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The pH was adjusted to 7.0.

Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalent replacements may be made, and such changes and replacements are not outside the scope of the present invention. Each of the above documents has a link, and all cited documents are part of the description of the present invention.

Table 1 Strain The amount of L-arginine, g / l 32 ° C 37 ° C 382 (control) 11.2 ± 0.1 6.2 ± 0.1 382 P _l-tac ycfR 12.1 ± 0.1 7.2 ± 0.1

table 2 Solutions Component Final concentration, g / l BUT KH ₂ PO ₄ 1.5 NaCl 0.5 (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ 1.5 L-methionine 0.05 L-phenylalanine 0.1 L-tyrosine 0.1 Mameno (total N) 0.07 AT Ethanol 20.0 MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.3 FROM CaCl ₂ 0.011 D FeSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.075 Sodium citrate 1.0 E Na ₂ MoO ₄ 2H ₂ O 0.00015 H ₃ IN ₃ 0.0025 CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O 0.00007 CuSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.00025 MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O 0.0016 ZnSO ₄ 7 H ₂ O 0.0003 F Thiamine 0.005 G CaCO ₃ 30.0 N Pyridoxine 0.03 The pH of solution A is 7.1, adjusted using NH ₄ OH.

Claims (4)

1. A bacterium of the genus Escherichia is a producer of an L-amino acid selected from the group consisting of L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-arginine, L-citrulline and L-ornithine, modified in such a way that expression of the ycfR gene in the specified bacteria reinforced. 2. The bacterium according to claim 1, characterized in that the expression is enhanced by modifying the sequence that controls the expression of the ycfR gene. 3. The bacterium according to claim 1, characterized in that said bacterium belongs to the species Escherichia coli. 4. A method of obtaining an L-amino acid selected from the group consisting of L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-arginine, L-citrulline and L-ornithine, comprising growing a bacterium according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a nutrient medium and the allocation of the specified L-amino acids from the culture fluid.