RU2498013C1 - Device for automatic control of process of soil cleaning from oil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: plant comprises a base vehicle 1 with a platform and equipment installed on it. Equipment comprises a reservoir 2 charged with water, a hydraulic manipulator with an ejector pump 4, a facility of mechanical removal of contaminants 3 and a facility of cleaned material discharge 5 in the form of a scraper conveyor. The reservoir 2 is made with windows in the upper part and side compartments for collection of contaminants. In the bottom of the reservoir 2 there are facilities of mechanical cleaning 3 in the form of acoustic radiators, which are connected to a power generator. The generator is installed on the base vehicle 1. The scraper conveyor is installed in the cavity of the reservoir 2, having a window for discharge. On the platform of the base vehicle 1 there is an expansion tank 7 with water and a transfer pump 6. The base vehicle 1 is equipped with a subsystem of automatic control, which controls level of reservoir 2 filling with water. The transfer pump 6 connects the expansion tank 7 with the reservoir 2. The automatic control subsystem comprises water level sensors 8, an input device 9 connected to sensors, an output device 10 and a control unit 11. Level sensors 8 are installed in the reservoir 2. The input device 9 converts an analogue signal into a digital one. The control unit 11 is connected to the input device 9 and the output device 10. The output device 10 converts a digital signal into an analogue one and is connected to the transfer pump 6.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the process of soil cleaning from oil.

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Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment, namely the reclamation of oil-contaminated lands, the neutralization of soil, soil, oil sludge and automatic control of the process of cleaning oil-contaminated soils.

A known installation for cleaning from oil, oil products and oil sludge, containing two receiving hoppers for contaminated and adsorption material - cellulose fiber, a loading hopper with a mixing device, connected to a screw press for squeezing a mixture of oil sludge with adsorption material, the screw press is equipped with a hopper for collecting the squeezed liquid fraction and connected to the grinder of the remaining solid fraction, after which a classifier with a hopper is installed to remove the heavy fraction from the solid RAC and separator with a tank for the solid fraction - cellulosic fibers (RF №2426833 C1 patent, priority date 08.02.2010, publication date 20.08.2011, authors: Teleses AA, AN Teleses, RU).

A disadvantage of the known installation is its low efficiency due to the lack of an automatic control system for cleaning oil, oil products and oil sludge, since proportional mixing of oil sludge and adsorption material, depending on the fraction and degree of contamination of the material with oil, is carried out visually by the operator.

As a prototype, a device for cleaning soils from oil pollution is adopted, comprising a base vehicle with equipment installed on it, which includes a loading tank with a constant volume of water and a means for loading oil sludge into it, a means for mechanically removing oil contaminants and a means for unloading the purified material, wherein the loading capacity is made in the form of a tank with windows at the top and with two side compartments for collecting contaminated liquid through the windows, the loading means is equipped with a hydraulic an anipulator with an ejector pump, a means of mechanical removal of oil pollution is made in the form of acoustic emitters mounted in the bottom of the tank and connected to an electric current generator mounted on the base vehicle, the means for unloading the cleaned material is made in the form of a scraper conveyor located in the cavity of the tank having a window for unloading (RF patent No. 78494 U1, priority date 01.07.2008, publication date 11.27.2008, authors Prikhodko V.M., Zorin V.A. et al., RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is its low efficiency, due to the fact that the device is not adapted to use an automatic control system for the cleaning process, to control and regulate the water level in the tank depending on the fraction and degree of soil contamination, which leads to a long process of soil cleaning, water overrun, reduced productivity and the deterioration of the working process of cleaning the soil from oil, and water overruns leads to the inability to use the installation in places remote from water bodies.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of cleaning soil from oil through the use of plants for automatic control of the cleaning process to save, control and regulate the water level in the loading tank depending on the fraction and degree of soil contamination, as well as reducing the time of soil cleaning and increasing productivity .

To solve this problem, an installation for automatic control of the process of cleaning soil from oil, including a base vehicle with equipment installed on it, containing a water-loaded container with windows in the upper part and side compartments for collecting contaminants, a hydraulic manipulator with an ejector pump for loading contaminated material into the tank, means for mechanical removal of contaminants in the form of acoustic emitters mounted in the bottom of the tank and connected to an electric current generator, is installed According to the invention, it further comprises an expansion tank with water, a transfer pump connecting the expansion tank to the tank, and an automatic control subsystem that monitors the base car and the means for unloading the cleaned material in the form of a scraper conveyor located in the cavity of the tank having a window for unloading. the level of filling the tank with water, containing level sensors installed in the tank, an input device connected to the sensors for converting an analog signal to a digital one, control unit control device connected to the input device and the output device for converting the digital signal into an analog signal connected to the control unit and to the transfer pump.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of the installation for automatic control of the process of cleaning soils from oil.

Installation for automatically controlling the process of cleaning soil from oil contains a base car 1 with a platform on which a tank 2 with windows in the upper part and side compartments for collecting contaminants, loaded with water and oil-contaminated soil, is installed. In the bottom of the tank 2 there are installed mechanical cleaning tools 3 in the form of acoustic emitters connected to an electric current generator (not shown conditionally). To load contaminated soil into tank 2, a hydraulic manipulator is installed on the base vehicle with an ejector pump fixed at the end 4. To discharge cleaned soil, tank 2 is equipped with a scraper conveyor 5 and a window. On the platform of the base vehicle there is a transfer pump 6 and an expansion tank 7 connected to the tank 2 by means of the pump 6. The base vehicle is equipped with an automatic control subsystem that controls the filling level of the tank 2 with water. The automatic control subsystem is highlighted in the above diagram by the circuit and contains water level sensors 8 installed in the tank 2, an input device 9 connected to the sensors for converting the analog signal to digital, an output device 10 for converting the digital signal to analog and connected to devices 9 and 10 control 11, while the output device 10 is connected to a transfer pump 6.

Installation for automatic control of the process of cleaning soil from oil works as follows. The operator enters the necessary parameters of the working process into the control unit 11: the degree of contamination, the soil fraction, after which a signal is sent to output device 10, in which the signal is converted from digital to analog, and the transfer pump 6 is turned on, which, in turn, supplies water from expansion tank 7 into the tank 2, thereby filling it in the required volume. Water level sensors 8 signal the termination of filling the tank 2 with water, which feed a signal to the input device 9, which converts the signal from analog to digital, then to the control unit 11. The control unit, in turn, through the output device 10 sends a signal to stop the water supply into the tank 2 to the transfer pump 6. Next, using the ejector pump 4, the contaminated material is fed into the tank 2, where, under the action of mechanical cleaning 3, in the form of acoustic emitters, the contaminated material is cleaned from anicheskih compounds. Due to the difference in density, the pollutant floats to the surface of the water and overflows through the windows in the upper part of the tank into the side compartments. Then, using a scraper conveyor 5, the cleaned material is discharged to the outside. Together with the purified material, part of the water also comes out, as a result of which the volume of water in the tank decreases. The drop in liquid level below the required signal level sensors 8, which signal to the control unit 11 through the input device 9. The control unit 11 through the output device 10 sends a signal to the transfer pump 6, which fills the tank with water in the required volume from the expansion tank 7. Thus in this way the cycle repeats.

The advantage of the proposed technical solution lies in the automatic control and regulation of the level of filling the tank with water, depending on the fraction and the degree of soil contamination with oil, in reducing the time for cleaning the soil, in increasing the productivity and efficiency of the working process for cleaning the soil from oil, as well as saving water, which contributes to work in places remote from water bodies.

Claims (1)

Installation for automatic control of the process of cleaning the soil from oil, including a base vehicle with equipment installed on it, containing a water-loaded container with windows in the upper part and side compartments for collecting contaminants, a hydraulic manipulator with an ejector pump for loading contaminated material into the tank, a mechanical removal of contaminants in the form of acoustic emitters mounted in the bottom of the tank and connected to an electric current generator installed on the base car, and medium the possibility of unloading the purified material in the form of a scraper conveyor located in the cavity of the tank having a discharge window, characterized in that it further comprises an expansion tank with water, a transfer pump connecting the expansion tank with the tank, and an automatic control subsystem that controls the level of filling the tank with water containing level sensors installed in the tank, an input device connected to the sensors for converting an analog signal to a digital one, a control unit associated with the device m input, and an output device for converting a digital signal into an analog signal connected to a control unit and a transfer pump.

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