RU2497350C2 - METHOD OF SELECTION OF SELECTION MATERIAL OF RAPE (Brassica napus L) ON FEATURE OF RESISTANCE TO CRACKING OF PODS - Google Patents

METHOD OF SELECTION OF SELECTION MATERIAL OF RAPE (Brassica napus L) ON FEATURE OF RESISTANCE TO CRACKING OF PODS Download PDF

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RU2497350C2
RU2497350C2 RU2011141320/13A RU2011141320A RU2497350C2 RU 2497350 C2 RU2497350 C2 RU 2497350C2 RU 2011141320/13 A RU2011141320/13 A RU 2011141320/13A RU 2011141320 A RU2011141320 A RU 2011141320A RU 2497350 C2 RU2497350 C2 RU 2497350C2
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pods
selection
cracking
resistance
rape
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RU2011141320/13A
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RU2011141320A (en
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Елена Николаевна Жидкова
Владимир Алексеевич Никоноренков
Владимир Иванович Горшков
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Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт рапса
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Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to plant breeding. The method includes selection of samples more resistant to cracking of pods by analysing the height of the dense partition in the area of gynophore the phase of green pod. Then, at selected plants with greater height the formed pods and blooming flowers are picked off, crossing is carried out and self-fertilisation on lateral shoots.
EFFECT: method enables to improve the efficiency of the selection process in the selection of breeding material of rape.
1 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

Изобретение относится к сельскому хозяйству, в частности к селекции, и может найти применение при отборе генотипов с повышенной устойчивостью к растрескиванию стручков.The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to selection, and may find application in the selection of genotypes with increased resistance to cracking of pods.

Известны следующие способы определения растрескиваемости стручков: визуальная оценка растений по данному признаку в полевых условиях в течение нескольких лет; в лаборатории при создании условий, сходных с естественными; при использовании механизмов типа рычага (маятника) (G. Kadkol. Brassica shatter-resistance research update // 16th Australian Research Assembly on Brassicas. Ballarat Victoria 2009).The following methods are known for determining the crackability of pods: visual assessment of plants on this basis in the field for several years; in the laboratory when creating conditions similar to natural; when using mechanisms such as a lever (pendulum) (G. Kadkol. Brassica shatter-resistance research update // 16 th Australian Research Assembly on Brassicas. Ballarat Victoria 2009).

Наиболее близким из известных, принятым за прототип, является способ определения устойчивости к растрескиванию стручков по косвенным показателям на основе ряда анатомо-морфологических характеристик [Child R.D. Increased resistance to pod shatter in associated with changes in the vascular structure in pods of a resynthesized Brassica napus line // R.D. Child, J.E. Summers, J. Babij, J.W. Farrent, D.M. Bruce // J. of experimental Botany, 2003. - Vol.54, №389. - P.1919-1930]. Однако при данном способе анализ проводится по комплексу показателей, для чего необходима длительная работа с микроскопом.The closest known adopted for the prototype is a method for determining the resistance to cracking of pods by indirect indicators based on a number of anatomical and morphological characteristics [Child R.D. Increased resistance to pod shatter in associated with changes in the vascular structure in pods of a resynthesized Brassica napus line // R.D. Child, J.E. Summers, J. Babij, J.W. Farrent, D.M. Bruce // J. of experimental Botany, 2003. - Vol. 54, No. 389. - P.1919-1930]. However, with this method, the analysis is carried out on a set of indicators, which requires long-term work with a microscope.

Задачей изобретения является повышение эффективности селекционного процесса при отборе селекционного материала рапса по признаку устойчивость к растрескиванию стручков.The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the breeding process when selecting breeding material for rape on the basis of resistance to cracking of pods.

Для достижения указанной задачи предлагаем способ, включающий отбор образцов по устойчивости к растрескиванию стручков по высоте плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора в фазу зеленого стручка на центральной кисти, включающий обрывание сформировавшихся стручков и распустившихся цветков и проведение скрещиваний и самоопыления на боковых побегах. Совокупность дополнительно введенных признаков из уровня техники не выявлена. Таким образом, заявленный способ соответствует критерию «новизна». Проведение отбора и скрещиваний в один вегетационный период приводит к ускорению селекционного процесса.To achieve this goal, we propose a method that includes sampling for resistance to cracking of pods along the height of the dense septum structure in the gynophore in the phase of the green pod on the central brush, including breaking off the formed pods and blossoming flowers and carrying out crosses and self-pollination on the side shoots. The set of additionally introduced features from the prior art has not been identified. Thus, the claimed method meets the criterion of "novelty." The selection and crosses in one growing season leads to an acceleration of the selection process.

В основу предложенного способа положена возможность дифференцировать генотипы по устойчивости к растрескиванию стручков в фазу зеленого стручка и растянутый период цветения рапса.The basis of the proposed method is the ability to differentiate genotypes by resistance to cracking of the pods in the phase of the green pod and the extended flowering period of rapeseed.

Предлагаемый способ осуществляется следующим образом: в расщепляющейся популяции в фазу зеленого стручка на центральной кисти проводят измерение высоты плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора. У отобранных растений с желаемыми характеристиками проводят переопыление или самоопыление, в зависимости от выбранной схемы селекционного процесса.The proposed method is as follows: in the fissionable population in the phase of the green pod on the central hand, the height of the dense structure of the septum in the region of the gynophore is measured. In selected plants with the desired characteristics, pollination or self-pollination is carried out, depending on the selected scheme of the breeding process.

Теоретической основой предлагаемого способа является доказательство возможности определения устойчивости к растрескиванию стручков в фазу зеленого стручка по высоте плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора с последующим проведением опыления на боковых ветвях.The theoretical basis of the proposed method is the proof of the possibility of determining the resistance to cracking of the pods in the phase of the green pod by the height of the dense septum structure in the gyneophore region with subsequent pollination on the side branches.

Пример конкретного осуществления способа.An example of a specific implementation of the method.

При сравнении устойчивого к растрескиванию стручков сорта В. napus 1197 с восприимчивым сортом Hja 82685 выявлены достоверные различия по высоте плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора (рис.).When comparing the resistant to cracking pods of B. napus 1197 variety with the susceptible variety Hja 82685, significant differences in the height of the dense septum structure in the gynophore region were revealed (Fig.).

На рис. стрелкой показана измеряемая область перегородки стручка в области гинофора.In fig. the arrow shows the measured area of the pod septum in the gyneophore area.

У сорта, более устойчивого к растрескиванию стручков, высота плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора больше (табл.).In a variety more resistant to cracking of pods, the height of the dense septum structure in the gynophore region is greater (table).

ТаблицаTable Анатомо-морфологические особенности в строении стручков сортов рапса ярового, различающихся по степени растрескиваемости.Anatomical and morphological features in the structure of the pods of spring rape varieties, differing in the degree of cracking. Рассматриваемый признакFeature under consideration В. napus 1197B. napus 1197 Hja 82685Hja 82685 Высота плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофораThe height of the dense structure of the septum in the region of gynophore 1,5±0,0821,5 ± 0,082 0,97±0,0990.97 ± 0.099

НСР05=0,144NDS 05 = 0.144

Таким образом, результаты исследования показывают возможность проводить отбор образцов на устойчивость к растрескиваемости стручков на стадии зеленого стручка по высоте плотной структуры перегородки в области гинофора с последующим опылением растений на боковых ветвях.Thus, the results of the study show the possibility of sampling for resistance to cracking of pods at the green pod stage according to the height of the dense septum structure in the gynophore region with subsequent pollination of plants on the lateral branches.

Использование предлагаемого способа отбора селекционного материала рапса (Brassica napus L.) по признаку устойчивость к растрескиванию стручков на стадии зеленого стручка позволит повысить эффективность селекционного процесса и сократить сроки создания селекционного материала с улучшенными характеристиками.Using the proposed method for the selection of rape breeding material (Brassica napus L.) based on the resistance to cracking of pods at the green pod stage will increase the efficiency of the selection process and reduce the time required to create a breeding material with improved characteristics.

Изобретение может быть использовано в селекционном процессе без предварительных условий.The invention can be used in the breeding process without preconditions.

Claims (1)

Способ отбора селекционного материала рапса (Brassica napus L.) по признаку устойчивость к растрескиванию стручков, включающий отбор образцов более устойчивых к растрескиванию стручков, отличающийся тем, что в фазу зеленого стручка анализируют высоту плотной перегородки в области гинофора и на отобранных растениях с большей высотой обрывают сформировавшиеся стручки и распустившиеся цветки, проводят скрещивания и самоопыление на боковых побегах. The method of selection of rape breeding material (Brassica napus L.) based on the resistance to cracking of pods, including the selection of samples of more resistant to cracking pods, characterized in that in the phase of the green pod, the height of the dense septum in the gynophore is analyzed and the selected plants with a higher height are torn off the formed pods and blossoming flowers carry out crosses and self-pollination on the side shoots.
RU2011141320/13A 2011-10-13 2011-10-13 METHOD OF SELECTION OF SELECTION MATERIAL OF RAPE (Brassica napus L) ON FEATURE OF RESISTANCE TO CRACKING OF PODS RU2497350C2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2820183C2 (en) * 2019-06-19 2024-05-31 Пайонир Хай-Бред Интернэшнл, Инк. Resistance to pod cracking in plants of brassica genus

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CN108575389B (en) * 2018-02-28 2020-07-03 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Method for identifying drought tolerance of early-maturing rape bolts in flowering phase under field condition
CN113984645B (en) * 2021-10-12 2024-04-26 贵州大学 Leguminous plant pod shattering rate measuring device and method

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SU579979A1 (en) * 1976-03-30 1977-11-15 Katsaj Boris E Method of sorting green peas into standard and overripe grades
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SU579979A1 (en) * 1976-03-30 1977-11-15 Katsaj Boris E Method of sorting green peas into standard and overripe grades
WO1999049046A1 (en) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Biogemma Uk Limited Signal transduction protein involved in plant dehiscence

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CHILD R.D. Increased resistance to pod shatter in associated with changes in the vascular structure in pods of a resynthesized Brassica napus line // R.D. Child, J.E. Summers, J. Babij, J.W. Farrent, D.M. Bruce // J. of experimental Botany, Vol.54, №389, 2003, p.1919-1930. GRABIEC B. Porownanie dwoch metod oceny osypywania sie nasion rzepaku ozimego //Biul. Inst. Hodowli Aklimat. Rosl, T.156, 1985, s.139-145. *

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2820183C2 (en) * 2019-06-19 2024-05-31 Пайонир Хай-Бред Интернэшнл, Инк. Resistance to pod cracking in plants of brassica genus

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