RU2497206C2 - Minicollider (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device includes a closed circular (toroidal) cavity, where continuous interaction of mutual flows of accelerated particles and ions is provided. At the same time there are two hollow induction accelerators in the form of concentric pipe walls made of non-conducting material, for instance, refractory glass or ceramics, composite, and forming two cavities, from which one, wall to wall, is filled with a conductor of the second type (and spacers for provision of their geometry), and the second cavity of the inner pipe is used as a plasma reactor. Specified walls are bent in the form of half-rings with extended cylindrical ends connected by bands, sections of which are similar to sections of pipe walls. Upper parts of bands are made of metal and are used for connection with a capacitor via a discharger and a conductor of the second type, forming a serial circuit, and inner parts, same as walls, are arranged from the non-conducting material.

EFFECT: possibility to optimise dimensions of a device and process of transformation of nuclear energy.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of nuclear physics and energy. And it can find applications in the implementation of controlled thermonuclear fusion, for the disposal of radioactive beta decay waste and, possibly, for the extraction of weak nuclear (weak interactions: positron beta decay) energy.

Mankind has accumulated a wealth of experience in the extraction of thermal energy by burning non-renewable energy sources such as coal, gas, oil, shale. But their reserves in the bowels are decreasing, and their production is becoming more and more costly and less efficient. And environmentally, they, the products of their combustion, are already dangerous. Alternative (non-nuclear nature) energy sources are no less laborious. The use of cereals, crop products for sublimation of biofuel is criminal with millions of people starving in the world.

Nuclear power plants (NPPs) at one time seemed an acceptable way out of energy hunger, but just as a man used fire for millions of years without understanding its nature, so nuclear scientists still have not penetrated the essence of nuclear forces, and therefore, in particular, explosions occur NUCLEAR POWER STATION. And for this reason, they are closed in many countries.

Thermonuclear devices did not turn into a long-awaited source of energy, but into a black hole that has been absorbing intellectual and material resources for more than half a century and craving for new and much more generous victims, like mythological monsters and dinosaurs. The fact is that the greater efforts are made to bring the plasma to the required temperature and pressure, the more chaos and instability this leads to.

Beta decay waste, as well as radioactive waste in general, became the next scourge of mankind. They appear mainly as a result of the operation of nuclear power plants, i.e. have a technogenic nature. It is rational to use part of this waste as a source of energy. Prof. Gareev from JINR in Dubna, in his Address to Russian Scientists (INTERNET), in particular, wrote: “... Nobel Prize winner K. Rtyabbia in 1994 (Carlo Rubbia - VM) suggested using accelerator technology in creating safe nuclear power plants and the destruction of long-lived radioactive waste. Intensive scientific research is being conducted in this direction ... but so far the world practice has no experience in creating such nuclear power plants. ” For this purpose, powdered radioactive waste is added to hydrogen-lithium (or similar) plasma.

To achieve the above objectives, a device is proposed in the form of a kind of minicollider of FIG. 1, a bandage of FIG.

The collider, according to Wikipedia, is an oncoming beam accelerator designed to study the products of their collisions.

Currently, there are about a dozen positron-electron colliders operating in the world, one proton (Tevatron) and the most famous Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Just a system of superconducting magnets on a circumference of 27 km is worth what!

In the proposed invention, in contrast to the known ones, all plasma components are subjected to acceleration, and for the first time by induction, at the same time, which makes it suitable for extracting nuclear energy. Its new advantage is that it represents two docked hollow induction accelerators, the analogue of which has so far been chosen as the only now known hollow induction (without expensive and difficult to operate inductors) proton accelerator V.V. Manturova (No. 2422924), with the following symptoms:

- conductors of the second kind are used as conductive working walls, and a plasma cord is formed at the axis;

- the half-wavelength of a pulsed discharge is not less than the length of the working part of the accelerator along its axis;

- the power of the pulsed discharge, the diameter of the plasma cord, the density and transparency of the plasma are selected so that the accelerating field penetrates to the axis of the cord from the first pulsed discharge;

- it is structurally linear (although it may be non-linear), consists of two coaxial non-conducting pipes, the space between which is filled with a second-type conductor and damped with metal washers, connected to the capacitor through the arrester, forming a series circuit with it.

The mini-collider (Figure 1) consists of two hollow induction accelerators (1) and (2) joined by their elongated cylindrical ends, preferably positively charged particles and ions, each of which is made (in plan) of half rings consisting of two coaxial walls (3) and (4) made of heat-resistant non-conductive material, such as glass, ceramic, composite, etc., the cross section of the coaxial walls of each accelerator being two concentric rings (5) and (6), spaced apart in radius so that they form an interwall polo (7), which is filled with a conductor of the second kind (8), and the cavity (9) of the inner wall of the pipe is used as a plasma reactor, and finally, bandages (10) and (10) are used to join the half rings (1) and (2) 11), the outer parts (12) of which are made of metal and they act as electrodes or contain them for connection with a capacitor (13) through a spark gap (14), forming a series circuit (15) with a closed second-type conductor, and internal (16) , like walls, it is made of heat-resistant glass, etc., thereby repeating the functions and cross sections of pipe walls.

The bandage (Figure 2) is made in the form of two cylindrical in shape coaxially located and nested in each other parts (12) and (16), of which the outer part (12) is made of metal, and for joining and sealing the outer walls of the half rings (3 ) the collider, the connecting cavities on each side of them (12) are tapered and a tapered spring ring (17) is introduced for compression, which has alternating two-sided longitudinal ones along the axis of the slot, and to adjust the degree of compression, the ring is tightened with a union nut (18); the inner part (16) is made of non-conductive material, for example, from a composite with an annular groove (recess) on each side; and both parts are supplied and connected in this way with coaxial openings into which fittings and boreholes (19) are inserted or screwed in for air inlet and outlet, slags (waste) of a second-type liquid conductor and electrodes to it, installation of diagnostic sensors and t d

Note: for the convenience of mounting-docking of half rings in bandages, it may be more appropriate to freeze water, which fill the interwall cavities of half rings on the eve of installation, then, after docking, the ice is thawed and the water is removed and purged. If a solid electrolyte will be initially used as a conductor of the second kind, then it will serve as ice, but now without its removal. Usually, dry sand is used to bend the tubes. But in this case, it will be difficult to extract.

I do not know any device (bandage) of this kind. At the same time, numerous variations of details are possible in it. And therefore, there is no reason to protect this version of the bandage with a patent. Its main functions and features are described in paragraph 1 of the claims.

The mini-collider as an option, in contrast to the above described, is made in the form of an integral double-walled pipe (1) with one cross section that serves to dock with only one bandage (10), and the second electrode of the serial circuit (15) is made in the form of a clamp (20) with spikes embedded in the clamp penetrating the outer wall of the pipe (3) until connected to a conductor of the second kind (8).

Note: for ease of installation and ensuring the tightness of the docking unit - the brace, in the manufacture of an integral two-wall pipe, it is advisable to give it a springy character towards the narrowing of the docking section.

This design option of the mini-collider may be the most acceptable in the case of serial and even mass production and widespread consumption.

Claims (2)

1. A mini-collider consisting of two docked hollow induction accelerators, each of which is made in the form (in plan) of half rings with elongated linear cylindrical ends, composed (half rings) of two pipe walls made of non-conductive material, such as heat-resistant glass, ceramics, composite, etc., forming in the cross section two coaxial rings spaced along the radius and thereby creating a cavity that is filled with a conductor of the second kind, and the cavity of the inner pipe wall is used as a plasma reactor and, at the same time, to join the half rings with elongated ends, bandages are used, the outer parts of which are made of metal to connect to the capacitor through the arrester, forming a series circuit with a closed second-type conductor, and the inner parts, like the walls, of non-conductive material, thereby continuing the functions and sections similar to pipe walls. 2. The mini-collider according to claim 1, characterized in that two hollow induction accelerators are made in the form of one double-walled element, curved in the form of, for example, an oval in plan with one connecting cut and one therefore a bandage, and the second electrode is installed along the axis of symmetry collider in the form of a collar with spikes penetrating the outer wall of the pipe.

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