RU2495844C1 - Nanomodified composite on thermoplastic matrix - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composite structural materials based on sulphur, and can be used in making components of enclosing structures intended for use in aggressive media as well as in ionising radiation conditions. The nanomodified composite on a thermoplastic matrix, which contains sulphur, iron-boron slag with specific surface area of 150 m²/kg, and a modifying additive, the modifying additive containing SKDN-N rubber solution in kerosene with concentration of 5-10 wt %, with the following content of components, wt %: sulphur 38.11, iron-boron slag with specific surface area of 150 m²/kg 61.75 said rubber 0.14.

EFFECT: high resistance to aggressive media.

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Description

The invention relates to composite building materials made on the basis of sulfur, and can be used for the manufacture of building envelopes intended for use in aggressive environments, as well as in conditions of exposure to ionizing radiation.

A known composition for the manufacture of construction products (and.with. No. 1085958 С04В 19/06, С04В 43/12), including, wt.%:

Sulfur swimming trunks - 50.0 ... 55.0 Trisulfide piperidine - 1.0 ... 1.1 Campfire linen - 8.0 ... 10.0 Ground quartz sand - 35.0 ... 40.0

The disadvantage of this composition is the use of an expensive and potentially hazardous to human health organic supplement - trisulphidpiperidine. The reinforcing additive - flax flax - under conditions of high humidity and exposure to aggressive environments is destroyed, which will lead to premature destruction of the materials prepared on the specified composition.

Known construction composition (and.with. No. 1265175 C04B 28/36), including, wt.%:

Dicyclopentadiene - 4 ... 5 Reinforcing Additive - 3 ... 6 Silicocarnotite or electrothermophosphorus slag - 55 ... 60 Sulfur - the rest

The disadvantage of this construction composition is the labor and energy consumption of the preparation and the use of a phosphorus-containing material as a filler, which during the preparation of the composition can enter into chemical interaction with the sulfur melt to form water-soluble phosphorus sulfides, which reduces the barrier properties of the material.

The closest in technical essence is a binder (RU 2248634), including sulfur, filler - ferroboric slag with a specific surface of 150 m ² / kg, reinforcing additive - carbon fiber with a length of 15 ... 20 mm, and a modifying additive - paraffin, with the following content of components, wt.%:

Sulfur - 37.59 ... 37.64 Ferroboron slag with a specific surface area of 150 m ² / kg - 61.29 ... 61.37 Carbon fiber with a length of 15 ... 20 mm - 0.57 ... 0.94 Paraffin - 0.19 ... 0.41

The disadvantage of this binder is the need to use carbon fiber, which is not widely available, as well as paraffin, the introduction of which does not open up the possibility of synthesis (accompanied by an increase in the macroscopic properties of the composite) of nanoscale neoplasms at the matrix-dispersed phase interface.

The aim of the invention is to increase the barrier properties of the composite on a thermoplastic matrix when using widely available starting components.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the nanomodified composite on a thermoplastic matrix containing sulfur according to GOST 127-93 (mass fraction of sulfur not less than 99.5%, mass fraction of ash not more than 0.2%, mass fraction of organic substances not more than 0.25% , the mass fraction of acids in terms of sulfuric acid is not more than 0.01%, the mass fraction of arsenic is 0%, the mass fraction of selenium is 0%, the mass fraction of water is not more than 0.2%, mechanical pollution is not allowed), the filler is ferroboric slag with specific surface area of 150 m ² / kg, and builder, as a modification to avki SKDN rubber contains a solution-N TU 38-103515-82 (rubber stereoregular cis-1,4-polybutadiene a low molecular weight, the transparency of not less than 175 cm ^3, purity - no rash, viscosity conditional 170 ... 215, the weight loss on drying more than 0.2%, the acid number is not more than 0.3 mg of potassium hydroxide per 1 g, the mass fraction of ash is not more than 0.1%, the color on the iodometric scale is not more than 5 mg of iodine, the mass fraction of antioxidant AO-300 is 0.5 ... 0.9%) in kerosene, at a solution concentration of 5 to 10 wt.%, With the following content of components, wt.%:

Sulfur - 38.11 Ferroboron slag with a specific surface area of 150 m ² / kg  - 61.75 Rubber SKDN-N - 0.14

A distinctive feature of the proposed technical solution is: the use of SKDN-N rubber, which makes it possible to increase the performance properties due to the formation of a nanoscale layer of neoplasms on the filler particles (average neoplasm size is 15 nm). The transition layer of neoplasms increases the completeness of inclusion of the filler in the mechanical work of the composite and increases the hydrolytic stability of the adhesive bond at the interface.

The use of ferroboron slag containing boron can further increase the protective properties of the composite to neutron radiation. Ferroboron slag has an average density of 2450 kg / m ³ and the following chemical composition, wt.%: Al ₂ O ₃ - 66.65; CaO - 14.00; MgO - 12.80; B ₂ O ₃ - 4.34; SiO ₂ 2.08; FeO - 2.00. The specified slag, crushed to a specific surface of 150 m ² / kg, is used as a filler.

The preparation of the composition for the nanomodified composite on a thermoplastic matrix is as follows.

A solution of a metered amount of rubber in kerosene is preliminarily prepared. The concentration of the solution is selected in the range from 5 to 10 wt.%. The filler is treated with the prepared solution — ferroboron slag with a specific surface of 150 m ² / kg, after which the filler is kept in the open air until the solvent is completely removed. The processed filler is introduced into the sulfur heated to a temperature of 155 ... 160 ° C, heated to a temperature of 160 ... 170 ° C and the components are mixed for 5 ... 10 minutes. The finished composition is placed in molds, heated to a temperature of 170 ... 180 ° C and kept at a temperature of 170 ° C for two hours. After cooling for 40 ... 70 min, the form is subjected to stripping.

The properties of the proposed nanomodified composites on a thermoplastic matrix are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Indicator The proposed composite Prototype The average density, kg / m ³ 2260 2240 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 42.3 45.1 Water resistance after 180 days. month exposure, not less 0.95 - Resistance to 15% magnesium sulfate solution after 180 days. exposure, not less 0.96 - Resistance to 15% sulfuric acid after 180 days. exposure, not less 0.9

As follows from Table 1, the proposed nanomodified composite has high values of the barrier properties - water resistance and resistance to aggressive environments - while maintaining a sufficiently high compressive strength.

Literature

1. A.S. No. 1085958, IPC С04В 19/06, С04В 43/12 “Composition for the manufacture of building products”.

2. IP RU 2248634, IPC G21F 1/04, С04В 28/36 “Binder for radiation-protective concrete”.

Claims (1)

A nano-modified composite on a thermoplastic matrix containing sulfur, ferroboron slag with a specific surface of 150 m ² / kg, and a modifying additive, characterized in that it contains a solution of rubber SKDN-N in kerosene with a concentration in the range of 5 to 10 wt. % at the following content of components, wt.%:
Sulfur 38.11 Ferroboron slag with specific surface area 150 m ² / kg 61.75 Specified Rubber 0.14