RU2494329C1 - Shell-and-tube heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger containing identical sections connected to each other, each of which includes a bank of tubes, which is arranged in the shell, at that, the tubes are fixed on opposite ends in tube sheets, and header chambers of tube and inter-tube media with partition walls forming spatial connections between sections and specifying medium flow directions in them, header chambers of the tube and inter-tube media includes the sections, in which partition walls are installed after two or more inlets of media to the sections, thus forming series connected groups of two and more sections with parallel medium flow in each group; at that, in the header chamber of the tube medium there can be installed an additional partition wall before medium inlets to the sections of one of the groups with parallel medium flow.

EFFECT: improving use efficiency of heat energy of a primary source owing to reducing hydraulic losses.

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Description

The invention relates to the development and design of heat exchangers and can be used in industrial heat power, chemical, food and other industries.

Known shell-and-tube heat exchanger containing interconnected identical sections, each of which contains a bundle of pipes located in the casing, fixed from opposite ends in the tube sheets (RF Patent No. 20111945, MKI F28D 7/16, application. 16.0692, publ. 30.04.94) . In this heat exchanger, increased productivity is achieved in a smaller volume due to a denser arrangement of sections, however, the use of special collectors of pipe and annular media significantly complicates and complicates its design.

The closest in technical essence is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger containing identical sections interconnected, each of which contains a bundle of pipes mounted in the casing, fixed from opposite ends in the tube sheets, and collector chambers of the pipe and annular media with partitions forming spatial connections between the sections and setting the direction of the flow of media in them (RF Patent No. 2133004, MKI F28D 7/00, application. 29.08.96, publ. 10.07.99). This technical solution allows you to create a relatively compact design and increase the efficiency of using the heating surface of the coolant through the use of single collector chambers instead of intermediate inlet and outlet connecting pipes. At the same time, in this heat exchanger, the partitions in the collector chambers set the usual direction of the medium’s movement, i.e. media sequentially pass through each adjacent section. This movement limits the possibilities of regulation and optimization according to a given criterion of the ratio of heat transfer parameters and hydraulic flow characteristics.

The invention solves the problem of obtaining additional opportunities to increase the efficiency of use of thermal energy of the primary source due to the possibility of reducing hydraulic losses.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger containing identical sections interconnected, each of which contains a bundle of pipes mounted in the casing, fixed from opposite ends in the tube sheets, and collector chambers of the pipe and annular media with partitions forming spatial connections between the sections and specifying the directions of the flow of media in them, the collector chambers of the pipe and annular media contain sections in which partitions are installed after every two or more inlets s media in the section, forming series-connected groups of, respectively, two or more sections with the parallel movement of the media in each group.

For special versions of heat transfer schemes, an additional partition can be installed in front of the medium inlets in the sections of one of the groups with parallel movement of the medium.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a general example of a heat exchanger circuit with groups of sections, Fig. 2 is a variant of a heat exchanger circuit for a specific heat transfer task.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger contains identical heat-exchange sections 1-7 (Fig. 1), each of which includes a bundle of pipes 8 located in the casing 9 and fixed from opposite ends in the tube sheets 10. Sections from opposite ends are connected to the collector chamber 11 of the pipe medium having inlet flange 12. The collector chamber of the pipe medium contains partitions 13-16. Line 17 with arrows shows the direction of movement of the pipe medium. The partition 13 is installed after the medium enters into section 1, the partition 14 is installed after the medium inlets of sections 2, 3, 4, the partition 15 is installed after the medium inlets in section 5.6, the partition 16 after the medium enters section 7. This arrangement of the partitions forms elongated sections of the collector chamber 11 of the pipe medium and defines a sequential connection of groups of sections: the first group consists of one section 1 (similar to the prototype), the second group of three sections 2, 3, 4, the third group of two sections 5, 6, the fourth group from one section 7. In groups with numbers m of sections equal to two or more parallel traffic environment is realized with a smaller flow resistance. In the same way, you can build a different combination of groups with a different number of sections in each group. The position of the partitions in the manifold chamber of the annular medium (not shown in the drawing for simplicity) corresponds to the location of the partitions in the manifold chamber 11 of the tubular medium and provides a normal counterflow of two media in each section of the heat exchanger. In the collector chamber 11 of the pipe medium (Figure 2) can be installed an additional partition 18, dividing essentially this chamber into two separate circuits. The first circuit with an inlet flange 12 receives an output flange 19, and the second circuit receives an additional inlet flange 20 and an additional output flange 21. The contour of the annular medium remains inextricable, as shown by thin lines 22 in FIG. 2.

Thus, using sets of groups of identical sections, formed by placing standardized partitions in certain places along the length of the collector chambers, the heat exchanger can contain one common flow along the annular medium and several different unrelated flows along the other pipe medium. To implement such a heat exchange scheme in known heat exchangers, it is necessary either to use several standard heat exchangers, combining them into a common circuit, or to specially create a non-standard heat exchanger applicable only to one specific medium flow distribution scheme. In any case, product efficiency is reduced.

In the proposed solution, it is possible to combine, for example, the heating and two-stage hot water supply functions with the lowest development and manufacturing costs in one heat exchanger, whereas in practice three different heat exchangers are used for this. As a result, space savings are achieved due to the compactness of the system as a whole.

Claims (2)

1. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger containing identical sections interconnected, each of which contains a bundle of pipes located in the casing, fixed from opposite ends in the tube sheets, and collector chambers of the pipe and annular media with partitions forming spatial connections between the sections and setting the direction of the flow of the media in them, characterized in that the collector chambers of the pipe and annular environments contain sections in which partitions are installed after every two or more inputs of the media in the section, azuya serially connected groups, respectively, two or more sections with parallel movement of media in each group. 2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional partition is installed in front of the medium inlets in the section of one of the groups with parallel movement of the medium in the collector chamber of the pipe medium.

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