RU2493993C1 - Method of hump pointwork drive operation and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport and may be used for train control. Proposed method comprises conversion of electric power by motor into mechanical power to displace the blade from one extreme position to another one. After displacement effected without application of electric power mechanical power is accumulated in conversion process during minimum possible time interval between cars. Proposed device comprises tie-rod with one end connected with pointwork blade, tie-rod retainer and motor engaged with reduction gear. Additionally, this device comprises weight and two-arm lever with one end connected with tie-rod other end and opposite arm composed of rocker supporting the reduction gear. Reduction gear rim is secured with said weight to displace over said rocker. Note here that lever axis is aligned with motor axis.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher reliability and lower operating costs.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport and can be used to drive a railroad switch.

The prototype is a way of working, including the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy with the help of an electric motor and translation using the last wit of a turnout switch [V.A. Pelmenev, Switch drives of electric centralization / Methodological instructions for laboratory work: Khabarovsk, ed. Far Eastern State University of Railway Engineering (FENU), 2001].

The disadvantages of this method are as follows.

According to the requirements for slide switches, if the power was turned off during the movement of the wit, then its translation should be completed. To fulfill this requirement, it is necessary not only to have a backup power source, but also equipment capable of switching power supplies, which complicates the design, reduces its reliability and increases operating costs.

The slide switch actuator is essentially an SP-6 electric drive, in which, to reduce the transfer time, the gear ratio of the gearbox is reduced and the supply of a higher voltage to the electric motor is allowed. This drive has the same drawbacks - the complexity of the design and low reliability due to the presence of a friction clutch.

In addition, the short translation time of the wit requires the use of a larger electric motor, which ultimately increases the load on the gearbox and increases operating costs.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, namely, simplifying the design, increasing reliability and reducing operating costs.

The problem is solved in that in the method of operation of the switch of the turnout switch, which includes converting electric energy into mechanical energy by an electric motor and due to the latter moving the wit from one extreme position to another, after moving, which is performed without affecting electric energy, mechanical energy is stored in the process of conversion to during the minimum possible time interval between cars.

Electric energy is converted into potential. The movement is performed with the influence of the kinetic energy of the gas. Periodically, the movement is carried out with the lowest possible value of the converted energy, which determines the magnitude of the force of movement. The magnitude of the converted mechanical energy is made directly proportional to the value of the displacement force.

In the device for implementing the method of operation of a slide switch, comprising a rod connected at one end with a translation pin, a traction lock and an electric motor connected to the gearbox, a load and a two-arm lever are additionally introduced, one shoulder of which is connected to the other end of the rod, and the other is made in the form of a beam on which a gearbox is mounted, the output gear ring of which is fastened to the load and has the ability to move along the beam, while the axis of the lever coincides with the axis of the electric motor.

The gearbox is made worm gear. The output gear ring is engaged with a globoid worm. Part of the cargo is made in the form of a squib. The globoid worm is made integral with the gear of the previous pair of worm gears.

These distinctive features allow you to achieve the following advantages compared with the prototype.

The implementation after storage of the wit of stock of mechanical energy during the conversion during the minimum possible time interval between the cars allows the use of a less powerful electric motor, since this time is several times longer than the duration (about 1 s) of the movement itself. As a result of this, the overall dimensions of the gearbox, electric motor and load on the gearbox parts are reduced, which increases reliability and reduces operating costs.

Moving the wit without the influence of electric energy makes it possible to abandon the backup power source and associated equipment, which simplifies the design, increases its reliability and reduces operating costs.

Converting electrical energy to potential simplifies the design of the transfer and increases its reliability.

Performing the movement and with the influence of the kinetic energy of the gas allows you to return the wit to its original position when the electric power is turned off. However, in this case, it is necessary to have either a low-power autonomous power source for igniting the igniter, or an electric energy storage device (capacitor), the energy accumulated during operation of which can be used to initialize the igniter after disconnecting the power supply. In addition, if there is power supply through the kinetic energy of the gas, the force of the return transfer can be increased. For example, in case of accidentally filling the wit of a wit with bulk cargo from a wagon, a much greater effort will be required to make a return than in a regular situation. All this increases the reliability of the design.

The periodic implementation of the movement with the lowest possible value of the converted energy, which determines the magnitude of the movement force, allows you to choose the optimal operating mode of the switch, adjusting accordingly the amount of potential energy. In addition, inspection, cleaning and lubrication of the translation can be carried out as necessary. All this reduces operating costs.

Obtaining a directly proportional value of the converted mechanical energy to the value of the displacement force makes it possible to expend energy on the transfer of the wit in the quantity that is required at this time under the prevailing external conditions, which reduces operating costs.

The additional presence of cargo and a two-shouldered lever, one shoulder of which is connected to the other end of the rod, and the other is made in the form of a rocker arm, on which a gear is mounted, the output gear ring of which is fastened to the load and has the ability to move along the beam, while the axis of the lever coincides with the axis electric motor, simplifies the very design of the translation, and the procedure for converting electrical energy into potential, which increases reliability. Since the lever with the gearbox and the load only rotates around the axis of the engine, which at the same time remain motionless together with the shaft, the moment of inertia of the rotating masses decreases, which reduces the translation time of the wit. This also reduces the force that inhibits the rotation of the lever.

The implementation of the worm gear reduces its weight and size characteristics and the number of gear parts, which simplifies the design and makes it more reliable.

The introduction of the output gear ring into engagement with the globoid worm allows you to transfer a large torque to the crown, which reduces weight and size characteristics and simplifies the design.

The execution of part of the load in the form of a squib cartridge allows, if necessary, to carry out the return of the wit in the absence of power supply or in the case when a much larger moment for return is required than usual. This increases the reliability of the turnout.

The implementation of the globoid worm along with the gear of the previous pair of worm gears reduces the number of gear parts, which simplifies the design and increases its reliability.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the drive circuit of the hill switch. Figure 2 shows a view of the drive B. Figure 3 shows a section aa drive. Figure 4 shows a diagram of the drive after moving the wit.

The device comprises a rod 1 connected at one end with a translation wit, a latch 2 and an electric motor 3 connected to a worm gear, a load 4 and a two-arm lever 5, one shoulder of which is connected to the other end of the rod, and the other is made in the form of a rocker 6, on which a gearbox is installed, the output gear ring 7 of which is fastened to the load and can be moved along the beam, while the axis of the lever 8 coincides with the axis of the electric motor. The output gear ring is coupled with a globoid worm 9, made integral with the gear wheel 10 and connected to the worm 11 fastened to the motor shaft, which rotates in the sleeve-axis 12 of the two shoulders lever that rotates in the bearings. The latch has the ability to move in the coil 13 and interact with the two-arm lever and the return spring 14, and the rocker with the stop 15, while the load can be combined with the squib 16.

The method is implemented as follows.

After the next movement of the wit (for example, to the right), the latch 2 with the help of the return spring 14 exits the coil 13 and fixes the lever 5 in the extreme position, preventing the wit from moving to the left of the frame rail (Figs. 1, 2, 3). After that, the electric motor 3 is turned on, and by rotating the worm 11 in the sleeve 12, the worm wheel 10, along with the worm 9, and the ring gear 7 moving the load 4 with the squib 16 to the right are driven.

The farther the load 4 leaves from axis 8, the more potential energy is stored and the moment becomes more capable of moving lever 5 with traction 1 to another extreme position. After the load reaches the desired point, the electric motor 3 is turned off.

To move the wit to the left, an impulse is applied to the coil 13, as a result of which the latch 2 is pulled into the coil and stops obstructing the rotation of the two shoulders lever 5. Under the action of the moment created by the load 4, the lever rotates with the sleeve-axis 12 in the supports and transfers the wit to leftmost position. In this case, the rocker 6 lowers onto the support 15, and the latch 2 (after removing the impulse from the coil 13) leaves the coil under the action of the return spring 14 and fixes the lever 5. After that, turn on the electric motor 3 and move the load 4 to the left to prepare the drive for the next translation ( figure 4).

Periodically (in the absence of wagons moving towards the turnout switch), a wit (idle) is transferred with the minimum possible value of the converted energy. To do this, pull the latch 2 into the coil 13 by applying voltage to it and release the two-arm lever 5 from fixing. Then turn on the electric motor 3 and with its help move the load 4 to the extreme position. As soon as the magnitude of the moment created by the load 4 is sufficient to tilt the lever 5, the latter will rotate and the wit will be transferred to the extreme position. At the same time, the resulting value of the displacement force is determined and, increasing it by a certain value (in accordance with the required safety factor), the potential energy is subsequently accumulated in an appropriate amount. The value of the minimum energy (or moment) can also be determined by counting the number of revolutions of the worm 9, which he did from the moment the weight 4 intersects the axis of symmetry of the lever 5 until the moment the wit moves.

If, when moving the wit, a foreign object appears in its way, which prevents it from reaching the frame rail, then the wit is returned to its original position. If at that moment there is electric energy and enough time before the turnout of the next car is turned on, the reverse of the electric motor 3 is turned on. The load 4 will begin to move to the opposite end of the rocker arm 6, and when a certain moment is reached, overturning the lever 5, the wrench will return to its previous position .

Note that in this case, the voltage on the coil 13 can be omitted, since the wit could not reach its extreme position and, therefore, will not be fixed in it, since the latch 2 cannot be pulled out due to the lever 5. This will happen only when the wit will return to its original position.

If there is little time for the return of the wit by the electric motor or the effort it develops is not enough to move, or there is no electric energy at the time of return, then the squib 16 is initiated. In this case, due to the kinetic energy of the gases coming down from the cartridge, the load 4 rises, the wit returns to the previous place and the subsequent fixation of the lever 5 by the latch 2. After operation, the igniter should be replaced.

The implementation of the invention will allow you to create a simple design and reliable turnout for sorting slides. Such a transfer does not require backup power supply, is easy to operate, and at the same time allows controlling its technical condition and the efforts of moving the wit.

Claims (10)

1. The method of operation of the slide switch, including the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy by the electric motor and, due to the latter, moving the wit from one extreme position to another, characterized in that after the movement, which is performed without exposure to electric energy, the mechanical energy is stored in the process of conversion into during the minimum possible time interval between cars. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical energy is converted into potential. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement is performed with the influence of the kinetic energy of the gas. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that periodically the movement is carried out with the lowest possible value of the converted energy, which determines the magnitude of the force of movement. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the converted mechanical energy is made directly proportional to the value of the displacement force. 6. A device for implementing a method of operating a slide switch, comprising a rod connected at one end with a translation pin, a traction lock and an electric motor coupled to a gearbox, characterized in that it further comprises a load and a two-arm lever, one shoulder of which is connected to the other end traction, and the other is made in the form of a beam, on which a gearbox is mounted, the output gear ring of which is fastened to the load and has the ability to move along the beam, while the axis of the lever coincides with the axis of the electric engine. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the gearbox is made worm. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the output gear ring is engaged with a globoid worm. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that part of the load is made in the form of a squib. 10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the globoid worm is made integral with the gear of the previous pair of worm gears.

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