RU2493540C2 - Measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: measurement device comprises a bar with a scale on its one end, a bushing installed at the other end of the bar, spring-loaded in the axial direction and a count system in the form of limbs, replaceable rings on the stem and the bushing with diametrally opposite radial slots, with limbs installed inside in one plane, according to the invention, in it the bushing is divided into two coupled parts, with the possibility to move relative to each other in radial direction, between replaceable rings and belts of the bar and the bushing there are rotary rings installed, besides, the count system is equipped with additional limbs, installed on outer surfaces of bar and bushing belts, and on the surface of one of coupled parts of the bushing.

EFFECT: increased accuracy of determination of actual geometric dimensions of a closing compensating link of limited length and increased displacements of flanges and its manufacturing, which positively impacts quality of welded joint making, reduced number of metering accessories, instruments and operations and reduced labour intensiveness of measurements, lower costs for manufacturing and assembly of compensating closing links of gas and hydraulic machines, expansion of areas of application and functions of the metering accessory.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment and can be used in the production of power valves for gas-hydraulic machines for the manufacture of compensating bushings.

A measuring device is known which comprises a cylinder rotatable about a vertical axis, supporting a rod around which a shoulder with a counterweight can rotate. The second rod supported by the specified shoulder, provides the rotation of the second shoulder with a counterweight, on which the probe is mounted. The details of the device can be offset relative to each other by three angles in space (UK application No. 1498009, class G1X, G1M).

In this device, there are many parts of sufficiently large linear dimensions, which makes it difficult to install it on a plot of small length. In addition, this device does not measure all the parameters that determine the dimensions and configuration of the compensator, and its use in valve engineering requires a special installation base.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the impossibility of measuring the radial displacements of the flanges of the joined pipelines with a compensator made with eccentricity and inclination of the flanges.

A known measuring tool containing a tubular element, within which a second tubular element slides. There is a spring that seeks to extend the tubular elements so that their total length is maximum. A device is provided that limits longitudinal movement and prevents the rotation of the second tubular element relative to the first. The longitudinal movement of the second tubular element relative to the first is measured by a cylindrical pointer. The pointer has a third element, on the outer surface of which a helical scale is applied. A helical scale interacts with a reference mark on the first tubular element (US patent No. 4092781, class G01B - prototype).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the limited scope, i.e. only for measuring chain elongation.

Angular parameters and axial displacements in the radial direction (eccentricities) cannot be measured with such a tool.

The objective of the invention is to expand the scope and functions of the measuring device, namely, to measure the actual geometric parameters of the closing link of the gas-hydraulic machine, made in the form of a compensator with an eccentricity and inclination of the connecting flanges.

The task is achieved in that in a measuring device containing a rod with a scale at one end of it, a sleeve mounted on the other end of the rod, axially spring loaded and a reference system in the form of limbs, interchangeable rings on the rod and sleeve with diametrically opposite radial grooves, with placed inside the limbs in one plane, according to the invention in it, the sleeve is divided into two mating parts, with the ability to move relative to each other in the radial direction, between interchangeable rings and swivel rings are installed on the rod and sleeve belts, and the reading system is provided with additional limbs mounted on the outer surfaces of the rod, sleeve belts and on the surface of one of the mating parts of the sleeve.

The actual geometric parameters of the closing link of the gas-hydraulic machine, made in the form of a compensator with an eccentricity and inclination of the connecting flanges, are as follows:

- the angles of inclination of the compensator flanges to the axes from their centers - α ₁ , α ₂ ;

- the length or distance between the centers of the closing flanges - L;

- angles of rotation of the plane of inclination of the flanges (angles α ₁ , α ₂ ) relative to the eccentricity plane;

- eccentricity of the displacement of the axes of the flanges - e.

To measure these parameters, the device has linear scales and goniometric limbs.

Figure 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a measuring device and closing flanges of a piping system. Figure 2 schematically shows the rotary ring 6. Figure 3 shows the views of the device from the side of the closing flanges on which local cuts are made and the relative position of the trunnions and goniometric limbs is visible. Figure 4 shows the dials for measuring the angles β ₁ , β _{2 of the} turn of the plane of inclination of the flanges (angles α ₁ , α ₂ ) relative to the eccentricity plane e.

Figure 5 shows a section of the device in a plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the pins.

Figure 6 shows an image of a scale for measuring eccentricity e.

Figure 7 shows a sketch of a compensator with eccentricity and inclination of the flanges, the parameters that determine its geometry are shown.

On Fig is a diagram of the welded joint of pipelines using a compensator.

Figure 9 shows the eccentric sleeve (compensator) according to OST 92-8595-74.

Figure 10 shows a schematic section of an asymmetric compensator with inclined flanges, shows (indirectly) the eccentricity e.

The elements of the measuring device (see figures 1, 2, 3, 4) are the following:

1 - rod;

2 - a scale for measuring length L;

3 - rod belt;

4 - collar of the barbell;

5 - groove of the rotary ring;

6 - a rotary ring;

7 - spherical side surface of the rotary ring;

8 - half rings (see figure 2);

9 - radial axis of the girdle;

10 - holes in interchangeable and rotary rings;

11 - radial grooves for the passage of limbs;

12 - radial grooves for mounting limbs;

13 - limbs measuring the angle α ₁ ;

14 - a belt of the movable part of the sleeve;

15 - movable part of the sleeve;

16 - limbs measuring the angle az;

17 - the base of the sleeve;

18 - sleeve;

19 - threaded rod;

20 - spring;

21 - a nut;

22 - limb measuring the angle β ₁ ;

23 - limb measuring the angle β ₂ ;

24 - axle;

24a - a sleeve hub (movable part);

25 - interchangeable ring;

26 - pin fixing components of the sleeve 2;

27 - handle for turning the rotary ring 21;

28 - rod stock;

29 - a scale for measuring eccentricity e;

30 - risk;

31 - a scale for measuring eccentricity e;

32 - pin fixing the rod 1 from rotation relative to the sleeve 2;

33 - groove of the movable part;

34 - sleeve groove.

The elements of the engine power fittings are:

40 - the first closing flange of the piping system;

41 - second locking flange of the piping system;

42 - groove closing flange;

43, 44 - axis of the closing flanges;

45 - compensator;

S - welds.

Rod 1 (see Fig. 1) with a scale 2 on one side has a girdle 3, on the shoulder 4 of which along the groove 5 there is a rotary ring 6 with a spherical lateral surface 7, consisting of 2 half rings 8 fastened around each other (see Fig. 2). Holes 10 are made on the radial axis 9 on both sides in the rotary ring on both diametrically opposite sides, and on the perpendicular to this axis there are radial grooves 11. Limbs 13 for measuring the angle α _{1 are} pressed into the grooves 12 (see Figs. 3, 5). On the other hand, in the similar grooves of the second rotary ring 6 mounted on the belt 14 of the movable part of the sleeve 15, the limbs 16 for measuring the angle α _{2 are} pressed into the grooves 12 (see Figs. 3, 5).

A rod 19 is fixed to the base 17 of the sleeve 18 with threads at its ends, which extends inside the rod 1. A spring 20 is mounted on the rod 19, tending to extend the rod 1 relative to the sleeve 18 with rotary and interchangeable rings mounted on it. The rod 1 is inserted into the sleeve 18 and secured with it using a nut 21, screwed onto the rod 19. On the rotary rings 6 (on their inner sides) in the form of concentric rings are set limbs 22, 23 (see figure 4) measuring angles β ₁ , β _{2 are the} turns of the plane of inclination of the flanges relative to the eccentricity plane of the compensator 45 and are used to read the angles β ₁ and β ₂ .

On the rotary rings 6 mounted on the belts 3 of the rod 1 and 14 of the sleeve 18, with the help of the pins 24, replaceable rings 25 are installed, made with an axial hole equal to the diameter of the sphere of the rotary ring 6, radial holes for installing the pins and radial grooves for the passage of the limbs 13, 16 measurements of angles α ₁ and α ₂ .

The outer connecting linear dimensions and diameters of the rings 25 are made equal to the grooves 42 of the closing flanges 40, 41 of the piping system.

With spring 20, rod 1 and sleeve 18 are spaced apart, and rings 25 are pressed against locking flanges 40 and 41. To limit the movement of the movable part of the sleeve 15 and the sleeve 18, there is a pin 26 located in the groove 33 of the movable part and pressed into the wall of the rod 1. Rotation rotary rings 6 around the rod and sleeve belts are made using the handle 27, screwed into the rotary ring. The measurement of the eccentricity e of the displacement of the axes of the connecting flanges 40, 41 is carried out on a scale of 29 (see Fig.6). To ensure the condition of the assembled measuring device, a pin 32 is pressed into the rod rod 28, and a groove 34 is made in the sleeve 18.

The operation of the measuring device is as follows.

By the force of the hands of a worker-assembler on the rod 1 and the sleeve 16, the spring 30 is compressed and the device is inserted between the closing flanges 40 and 41 of the pipelines. Before installing the device, the location of the displacement plane of the closing flanges (eccentricity e) is visually determined and the device is inserted into the gap between these flanges. Then, by slowly rotating the rotary rings 6 by the handles 27, an exact mating fit of the replaceable rings 25 to the closing flanges 40 and 41 is achieved, i.e. until the axis of the rings 26 coincide with the axes 43, 44 of the flanges.

After installing the measuring device between the joints of the flanges 40, 41 of the pipelines, the compensator length is determined on its scale 2, on the scale 29 - the eccentricity e of the displacement of the axes 43 and 44 of the closing flanges, on the limbs 13 and 16 - the angles α ₁ and α _{2 of the} flange inclination, limbs 22 and 23 - a turn of the plane of inclination of the flanges (angles β ₁ , β ₂ ) relative to the eccentricity plane e.

The obtained values of the compensator parameters are transferred to the contractor (turner, milling machine operator) for its manufacture, which has a drawing with the letter designations of the above compensator parameters.

The proposed technical solution is advisable to apply if it is necessary to manufacture a compensator of limited length and with significant displacements (≈ up to 10 mm) of the closing flanges of the pipelines, when the use of known eccentric compensators, for example, according to OST 92-8595-74 (see Fig. 9) with such the values of the eccentricity causes increased hydraulic, gas resistance in the line or the manufacture of known asymmetric expansion joints with inclined flanges (see figure 10) is not possible due to limited allowable cutting angle of the ends (up to 5 °) for design reasons. The design of the compensator measured by this device is a combination of an eccentric and asymmetric compensator, so the value of its eccentricity is: e _∑ = e ₁ + e ₂ ,

where e ₁ is the set value of the eccentricity in the drawing by the designer (for example 3 mm);

e ₂ - the offset of the axes of the joints due to the inclination of the flanges (for example, 5 mm at L = 50 mm d _y = 60 mm of the compensator and the angles of inclination of the flanges 5 °).

Thus, the total eccentricity of the compensator in the proposed design will be

e _∑ = 3 + 5 = 8 mm.

In this case, the resistance of the line in the compensator region changes smoothly due to the absence of sharp transitions of the flow part of the structure.

The compensators shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 individually do not compensate for the eccentricity shown as an example, while the compensator shown in FIG. 7 compensates.

The technical result from the application of the proposed measuring device is to provide measurement of the parameters of the compensator with the above features.

Application of the proposed measuring device in the production of power fittings for gas-hydraulic machines will allow:

1. To increase the accuracy of determining the actual geometric dimensions of the closing compensating link of a limited length and increased displacements of the flanges and its manufacture, which positively affects the quality of the welds of the joints (by reducing slotted gaps in the joints, the likelihood of penetration is reduced, shrinkage of the material, etc. is reduced. );

2. To reduce the number of measuring devices, instruments and operations, and therefore, to reduce the complexity of measurements, especially when several compensators are installed on a gas-hydraulic machine. All geometric parameters of the compensator are measured by one installation of the measuring device;

3. Determine the parameters of the compensators of various diameters by replacing the interchangeable rings of the corresponding diameters of the joints.

The manufacture of the measuring device is quite affordable for production, its use pays off by reducing the cost of manufacturing and installing compensating closing links of gas-hydraulic machines.

Claims (1)

A measuring device for measuring the actual geometric parameters of the closing link of a gas-hydraulic machine, comprising a rod with a scale at one end of it, an axially mounted sleeve at the other end of the rod, and a reading system in the form of limbs, interchangeable rings on the rod and the sleeve with diametrically opposite radial grooves with the inside of the limbs in the same plane, characterized in that in it the sleeve is divided into two mating parts with the ability to move relative swivel rings are mounted between each other in the radial direction, between the exchangeable rings and the rod and sleeve belts, and the reading system is equipped with additional limbs mounted on the outer surfaces of the rod, sleeve belts and on the surface of one of the mating parts of the sleeve.

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