RU2492891C1 - Forest fire detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-prevention facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of instrumentation and can be used in detection of fires in forestry. Forest fire detection system comprises a unit of radio transmitter, a unit of radio receiver. Forest fire detection system is also provided with sensors of temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide, units of electric power supply the carbon dioxide concentration sensors, and a radio transmission device, a unit of switching on and off the electric power supply, the data conversion unit of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide and transferring them to the radio transmitter, the power control unit of the radio transmitter, the data processing unit of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide. Units of sensors of temperature and carbon dioxide, the electrical power unit of sensors, the unit of switching on and off the electric power supply, the unit of the radio transmitter, the power control unit of the radio transmitter are located directly in the zone of possible fire emergence. The unit of radio receiver is located at a distance in the radio range area of the radio transmitter. The electrical power unit is connected to the carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a unit of radio transmitter, the a unit of switching on and off the electric power supply is connected to the electrical power unit and the temperature sensor, the sensors of temperature and carbon dioxide concentration are connected with the data conversion unit of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide and transferring them to the radio transmitter, the power control unit of the radio transmitter is connected to the carbon dioxide concentration sensors and the unit of radio transmitter, the unit of radio transmitter is connected by the radio channel with the unit of radio receiver, the unit of radio receiver is connected to the data processing unit of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide, the data processing unit of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide is connected to the communication unit with the receiving operators.

EFFECT: early local detection of emergence of forest fire and prompt non-contact notification about its emergence by the receiving operators.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation and can be used to detect fires in forests.

A comprehensive system for the early detection of forest fires is known, comprising at least two thermal imaging television modules for circular scanning of the area located on the masts of cellular communications, each thermal imaging television module is formed by a thermal imaging camera and a video camera installed so that their axes are parallel, goniometric azimuth meter, the axis of which is parallel to the axes of the thermal imaging camera and video camera, and a control controller, while the thermal imaging camera, video camera and azimuthally the meter is mounted on a scanning platform mounted on a cellular mast and capable of rotation about the vertical axis and rotation about the horizontal axis, and the outputs of the thermal imaging camera, video camera and azimuth meter are connected to the first or third inputs of the control controller, the input of the scanning platform motion control device connected to the first output of the controller, the fourth input of the control controller is connected to the unit of the global navigation satellite system, while the system is equipped with a telecommunication module that wirelessly communicates with the central server, the telecommunication module being connected by an input-output, respectively, to the second output and the fifth input of the control controller, while the system is equipped with a weather data collection device, the output of which is connected to the sixth input of the control controller (utility model patent RF №113046, publ. January 27, 2012).

Known fire detection and environmental monitoring Forest Fire Search System "Golden eye" (FFSS) [1]. This system is used by MV Group (Latvia) as an automated system for landscape fire detection and environmental monitoring.

The automated fire monitoring system includes: FFSS detection modules installed on fire observation towers 30-40 m high, which are located on the ground at a distance of 20 km between the towers, a communication network for transmitting digital graphic information - when transmitting information using GSM communication devices , links in the UHF range, LAN interface ТСРЛР, satellite communications, as well as the central point of transceiver and information processing, control and management - CPU. FFSS detection modules installed on observation towers photograph a circular panorama of a forest area, digitize it and transmit it to the CPU, in which the operator views the resulting circular panorama and considers signs of fire - smoke, fire.

However, the drawback of this system is the implementation of round-the-clock visual monitoring by an operator of a forest area within a radius of 20 km, which reduces the speed of data acquisition due to the increased transmission and reception of digital graphic information and the required time for its processing by the operator. The system is also energy consuming due to the continuous operation of the FFSS detection modules.

An object of the present invention is to provide early local detection of a forest fire and prompt contactless notification of its occurrence by received operators.

This task is implemented as follows. A forest fire detection system including a radio transmitting unit, a radio receiving unit, and it is equipped with temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors, a power supply unit for carbon dioxide concentration sensors, as well as a radio transmitting device, an on / off power supply unit, a temperature and dioxide concentration data conversion unit carbon and transferring them to the radio transmitting device, the power control unit of the radio transmitting device, the processing unit yes data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide, while the temperature and carbon dioxide sensor blocks, the sensor power supply unit, the power on and off unit, the radio transmitting unit, the power transmitting unit of the radio transmitting device are located directly in the area of a possible fire, and the radio receiving unit is located on removal in the range of the radio transmitting device, the power supply unit is connected to the carbon dioxide concentration sensor and the rad unit and a transmitting device, a power on and off unit is connected to a power supply unit and a temperature sensor, temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors are connected to a unit for converting temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data and transmitting them to a radio transmitting device, a power transmitting device power control unit is connected to dioxide concentration sensors carbon and the block of the radio transmitting device, the block of the radio transmitting device is connected by a radio channel to the block of the radio receiving device Properties, the radio receiver unit is connected to the unit for processing data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide, the unit for processing data for the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide is connected to the unit for communication with receiving operators.

Comparison of the claimed invention with the prototype shows that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

When conducting patent information research, this set of features with the achievement of the technical task has not been identified, therefore, we can assume that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step"

It should be noted that the distance between the blocks of the radio transmitting and receiving devices 6 and 8 is determined by the power received by the unit of the receiving device 8 with gain G _r and the power that is radiated by the unit of the transmitting device 6 P _t with gain G _t at the wavelength λ (m). This received power at a distance d in an open unlimited space is determined from the expression [1]

$$P_r=\frac{P_t\cdot G_t\cdot G_r\cdot {\lambda }^2}{{(\mathrm{four}\pi )}^2\cdot d^2}.(\mathrm{one})$$

Figure 1 presents the device that implements this system. It includes sensors: temperature 1 and carbon dioxide concentration 2, a power supply unit for temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors, as well as a radio transmitter 3, an on and off power supply unit for temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors 4, a unit for converting temperature, carbon dioxide and transmitting them to the radio transmitting device 5, the block of the radio transmitting device 6, the power control unit of the radio transmitting device 7, the block of the radio receiving device 8, the unit of abotki of the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide 9, a communication unit 10 with the host operators.

The device operates as follows. Temperature sensors 1 and carbon dioxide concentration 2, power supply unit 3, power supply on and off unit 4, data conversion unit for temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data and their transmission to the radio transmitting device 5 and power control unit of the radio transmitting device 7 are located in the zone of a possible forest fire . In the event of a fire and an excess of the temperature perceived by the temperature sensor 1 above 65-70 ° C, this information enters the power on and off unit 4, which enables the power supply unit 3 and activation of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 2 and the regulator of the power amplifier of the radio transmitting device 7. When initially turned on, the regulator of the power amplifier 7 provides the minimum allowable power required for the operation of the radio transmitting device 6. In the event of a fire, increase The concentration of carbon dioxide increases, which is also accompanied by smoke, while the absorption of electromagnetic energy emitted by the radio transmitting device increases. In this case, information from the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 2 is transmitted to the controller of the power amplifier of the radio transmitting device 7, which increases the power transmitted to the block of the radio transmitting device 6 in proportion to the carbon concentration. The data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide from the sensors 1 and 2 are transmitted to the conversion unit of the corresponding data 5 for subsequent transmission to the radio transmitter 6. Through the radio channel, the data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide are transmitted to the radio receiver 8 and then through the data conversion unit 9 transmitted to the communication unit with the receiving operators 10.

The presence of the power control unit of the radio transmitting device 7 associated with the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 2 allows for stable transmission of data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide to a distance d.

In the case of extinguishing the fire and lowering the temperature in the fire below 65-70 ° C, these data are received from the temperature sensor 1 in the power on and off unit 4, which turns off the power supply 3 and the system goes into standby mode.

Using the system provides early local detection of a fire, which allows you to take effective operational measures to localize the fire.

Information sources

1. Automated system for the detection of landscape fires and environmental monitoring Forest Fire Search System "Golden eye". - Riga: LLC MV Group, 2009, 14 pp.

2. Propagation of radio waves in mobile communications: Guidelines for the course "Propagation of radio waves and antenna-feeder devices in mobile communication systems" / S.N. Shabunin, L.L. Forest. Yekaterinburg: USTU, 2000, 38 p.

Claims (1)

A forest fire detection system including a radio transmission unit, a radio reception unit, characterized in that it is equipped with temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors, power supply units for carbon dioxide concentration sensors, as well as a radio transmission device, an on / off power supply unit, a temperature data conversion unit and the concentration of carbon dioxide and transferring them to the radio transmitting device, by the power control unit of the radio transmitting device, ohm of processing data on the temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide, while the temperature and carbon dioxide sensor blocks, the sensor power supply unit, the power on and off unit, the radio transmitting unit, the radio transmitting device power control unit are located directly in the area of a possible fire, and the radio receiving unit located at a distance in the range of the radio transmitting device, the power supply unit is connected to the carbon dioxide concentration sensor an ode and a block of a radio transmitting device, a power on and off unit is connected to a power supply unit and a temperature sensor, temperature and carbon dioxide concentration sensors are associated with a unit for converting temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data and transmitting them to a radio transmitting device, a power transmitting unit of a radio transmitting device is connected with sensors of carbon dioxide concentration and the block of the radio transmitting device, the block of the radio transmitting device is connected by a radio channel to the block of radio the receiving device, the radio receiving unit is connected to the data processing unit for temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, the data processing unit for temperature and carbon dioxide concentration is connected to the communication unit with receiving operators.