RU2492410C1 - Pyrotechnical cartridge for setting of false target - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: pyrotechnical cartridge for setting of a false target comprises a case with a mouth, a power unit, a generator of aerosol of infrared radiation, a combustion chamber, a functional pellet, a cylindrical sleeve, an electrical igniting primer, an igniting charge of a propelling facility and a bottom receiver. The infrared radiation aerosol is produced by burning of the functional pellet in the combustion chamber. The pellet is placed on the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve, which is geometrically closed by means of rolling of the case mouth. In the case flange there is an electric igniting primer installed, which interacts with the axial igniting charge. The charge of the propelling facility is mounted in the power unit rigidly connected with the sleeve and communicating with the output channel to the bottom receiver. The power unit is made in the form of a gas distributing lattice with a central nozzle. On the lattice there is a propelling facility in the form of coupled pyrotechnical sticks from a functional quick-burning composition, which are coupled in the diameter of the combustion chamber. Sticks adjoin the aerosol-forming pellet and have longitudinal corrugations.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of cartridge target action.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition for creating false targets that mimic heated power units, in particular a working aircraft engine.

The level of this technical field is characterized by a pyrotechnic cartridge of infrared radiation described in patent RU 2367891 C1, F42B 5/15, 2009, containing a functional piece of a pyrotechnic composition, during combustion forming an aerosol, in the dispersed phase of which heated soot and condensed particles emit in a given range the wavelength corresponding to the radiation of a heated propulsion unit, in particular an aircraft engine.

The functional checker is provided with longitudinal grooves that develop the combustion surface and is installed in a sleeve (case) with a guaranteed radial clearance, which ensures its unhindered ignition along the side surface when initiated from an electric igniter capsule.

The stability of the burning of the functional checker is ensured by the excess pressure generated in the receiver, which is formed inside the perforated tray mounted on the bottom of the sleeve.

A functional checker rests on a pallet through an annular obturator.

An electric primer-igniter (electro-capsule sleeve) is mounted in the flange of the sleeve, which interacts with the contacts of a multi-position launch device controlled from the cockpit for single or salvo shots.

The checker is pressed through the sealing gasket by a lid on which the open end (dulce) of the sleeve is rolled, forming their geometric closure in service and storage.

The flame force from the triggered igniter is throttled in the nozzle of the diaphragm installed above, while its speed and length of action for the transfer of thermal energy to ignite the functional checker are increased.

The disadvantage of the described cartridge is the small distance of its passive flight after firing, limited by the magnitude of the propelling impulse generated by the gaseous products of combustion by the functional block itself, the burning rate of which is relatively small by definition.

More perfect is the smoke munition described in patent RU 2407982 C1, F42B 12/48, 2009, which is selected according to the technical nature and the number of matching features as the closest analogue to the proposed pyrotechnic cartridge.

A feature of the well-known ammunition is the presence of an aerosol generator, which is rigidly connected with the expanding aerodynamic blades mounted on a power block located inside the cylindrical sleeve, which is held by the flange in the launcher and serves to direct the shot.

A pyrotechnic tablet is installed in the cup-shaped generator housing, which forms a functional aerosol during combustion, the hot soot and condensed particles of the dispersed phase of which emit electromagnetic waves in the range of 0.6-1.5 microns (infrared radiation), comparable to the thermal radiation of a working engine aircraft, tank, etc. technicians.

Functional checker through the combustion chamber is adjacent to the outlet channel (in particular, in the form of a Laval nozzle), in which an igniter charge of the expelling means (bag with powder) is installed.

The position of the pyrotechnic generator in the cartridge case is fixed by the bullets on which the pocket rests, where the folded aerodynamic blades are located.

At the same time, a receiver is formed in the bottom of the sleeve for the accumulation of powder gases from the burning of the blowing agent.

In the flange of the sleeve mounted igniter capsule, electrically connected to an external starting device controlled from the cab.

The head part of the described ammunition is made heavier by installing on the threaded boss, on top of the bottom of the body cup, a massive fairing, which through the sealing cover is geometrically closed with a coaxial sleeve by rolling its open end (muzzle) into the undercut.

The output channel of the power unit serves to supply the powder gases of the blower device to the bottom receiver, where a propelling pulse is generated with a dynamic increase in pressure, and forms the force of the flame supplied from the axial igniter charge to initiate the burning of the functional equipment of the generator.

In addition, after separation with the guide sleeve, on the trajectory of an autonomous flight, the generated aerosol, jet ejected from the nozzle, serves to create reactive thrust as a working fluid.

Expanding in the atmosphere, the aerosol forms a radiating cloud that simulates a working engine, forming a false target for electronic means of detecting and guiding the enemy.

A continuation of the noted advantages of the well-known pyrotechnic cartridge for setting a false goal are inherent disadvantages.

Equipping the generator with a massive fairing and spring-loaded aerodynamic blades, longitudinally stacked in the pockets of the nozzle block, significantly complicate the design and reduce the volume of functional equipment, which worsens the destination, the effectiveness of the expensive cartridge.

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the target action of the cartridge while simplifying its design and without impairing the longitudinal stabilization on autonomous flight of the generator.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known pyrotechnic cartridge for setting a false target containing an aerosol generator of infrared radiation generated during combustion in the combustion chamber of a functional tablet placed at the bottom of a cylindrical glass geometrically closed by rolling a barrel of a sleeve, in the flange of which an electric capsule is installed - an igniter interacting with an axial igniter charge of a knockout means mounted in a power unit rigidly connected according to the invention, the power unit is made in the form of a gas distribution grill with a central nozzle on which there is a knockout in the form of pyrotechnic checkers conjugated in the diameter of the combustion chamber from a functional quick-burning composition having longitudinal corrugations and adjacent to the aerosol forming a pill.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution have increased the effectiveness of the main action of the cartridge for its intended purpose by increasing the coefficient of filling with functional equipment during gas-dynamic longitudinal stabilization on the path of an autonomous flight of an aerosol generator over a long range.

The implementation of the power unit in the form of a gas distribution grill mounted on the bottom of the sleeve provided its versatility: as a support for the structural unity of the pyrotechnic pieces generating a functional aerosol, which serves as a blowing device when a jet stream formed in the outlet nozzle is accumulated in the bottom receiver and the working fluid in autonomous flight of the generator.

In this case, the axial igniter charge placed in the gas distribution grill provides, when fired, amplification of the heat pulse from the igniter capsule to guarantee the initiation of ignition of the pyrotechnic checkers mounted on it.

The burning rate of pyrotechnic checkers of a knock-out agent is twice the burning rate of a functional aerosol-forming tablet (25 mm / s and 12 mm / s, respectively), which ensures the creation of a propelling impulse with a dynamic increase in pressure in the receiver.

The slow-burning pyrotechnic composition of the functional tablet provides the necessary time for generating an infrared cloud simulating a working airplane engine.

The manufacture of checkers of a knock-out agent from a pyrotechnic composition, which forms a dispersed phase during combustion, emitting in a given wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation, increases the volume of the generated aerosol cloud simulating a false target, which increases the efficiency of the cartridge for its intended purpose.

When pyrotechnic checkers of a knockout are burned, the center of mass of the propelled generator is shifted forward, which, together with a jet stream of gaseous products of combustion from the gas distribution grid, ensures its longitudinal stabilization during autonomous flight that simulates a false target for detecting and guiding the enemy.

The proposed simple design and reliable integrated action of the power unit made it possible to simplify the structure of the known cartridge by eliminating a special automatic means of aerodynamic stabilization, and to free up the volume to accommodate an additional dual-purpose pyrotechnic functional composition.

The execution of the knockout means in the form of pyrotechnic checkers conjugated across the combustion chamber, which is a self-contained supporting structure, simple and technologically advanced in the assembly of the product, provides reliability in service handling and during operation.

The implementation of the pyrotechnic checkers of the knockout tool with longitudinal corrugations on the lateral surface multiplies the combustion surface and, as a result, the specific gas intake increases, which determines the speed of the generator start-up for setting a false target.

The free volume between the pyrotechnic checkers of the knockout adjoining in conjunction serves to freely transfer the heat pulse from the axial igniter charge to initiate the combustion of the end tablet of the functional equipment, the combustion of which occurs stably under conditions of increased pressure in the combustion chamber.

A receiver in communication with the combustion chamber in the bottom of the gas distribution grill serves to accumulate gaseous combustion products of the pyrotechnic equipment of the generator, as a result of which pressure increases dynamically and a propellant pulse is developed to extract the generator from the sleeve of the generator, bending along its roll for free passage during separation.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent in the characteristics of disunity, that is, the technical problem posed in the invention is solved not by the sum of the effects, but by a new super-effect of the sum of the attributes.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for a pyrotechnic specialist, showed that it is unknown, and taking into account the possibility of serial production of cartridges imitating a false target in the existing pyrotechnic production, we can conclude eligibility criteria.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings having a purely illustrative purpose and not limiting the scope of the claims of the totality of the features of the formula.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the cartridge;

figure 2 - aerosol generator;

figure 3 is a section along aa in figure 2;

figure 4 - gas distribution grill, top view.

The aerosol generator (Fig. 2) as an autonomous assembly and functional unit of the cartridge is installed on the bottom of a cylindrical sleeve 1 (Fig. 1), which is fixed by a flange 2 in a launcher mounted on board an anti-tank mine trawler (not shown conventionally).

An axial igniter 3 is mounted in the sleeve 1, electrically connected to a launching device controlled from the minesweeper’s cabin for a single shot or multiple launch rocket.

The aerosol generator is supported on the bottom of the sleeve 1 by means of a gas distribution grill 4, in which a receiver 5 is made, which communicates with the output channel 6 with a coaxial igniter charge 7.

The gas distribution grill 4 (diaphragm) is rigidly connected to the bearing housing 8, made in the form of a glass, the bottom of which through the sealing cover 9 is geometrically closed by rolling the open end of the sleeve 1.

At the bottom of the sleeve 1, a functional tablet 10 of a slowly burning (12 mm / s) pyrotechnic composition is installed, forming an aerosol emitting at a wavelength of 0.6-1.5 μm, the infrared range corresponding to the radiation of the engine.

Between the tablet 10 and the grill 4 in the combustion chamber 11, pyrotechnic checkers 12 are mounted, conjugated to one another, filling the cross section of the cylindrical body 8 (Fig. 3).

On the side surface of the checkers 12 there are longitudinal riffles 13 that develop the combustion surface of the pyrotechnic composition at a speed of 25 mm / s for the dynamic generation of gaseous products whose dispersed phase emits in a given infrared range.

The cartridge operates as follows.

When detecting sounding signals of electromagnetic radiation of the aircraft from the cockpit, a control electric pulse is supplied, which initiates the igniter 3.

The force of the flame of the fired igniter 3 ignites an amplifying charge 7, the thermal energy of which is almost simultaneously ignited by the pyrotechnic checkers 12 and the end tablet 10.

From the combustion chamber 11, the combustion products through the distribution grid 4 fill the receiver 5, where the pressure increases rapidly, as a result of which the generator receives a longitudinal movement relative to the stationary sleeve 1, held by the flange 2 in the starting device.

In this case, the rolling of the barrel of the sleeve 1 bends, freeing the passage for throwing the generator at an angle of 15 ° to the horizontal.

With the rapid combustion of pyrotechnic checkers 12 of expelling charge, the center of mass of the generator is shifted to the head, and the center of pressure (taking into account the jet stream emitted through the lattice 4 of the generated aerosol) is shifted backwards, which ensures its longitudinal stability during oriented autonomous flight.

The aerosol generator, separated from the sleeve 1, under the influence of gravitational forces is shifted down from the aircraft from which the shot is being carried out, and accelerated by the jet propulsion of the generated aerosol jet.

Then the generator is aerodynamically rotated for horizontal autonomous flight, leaving an aerosol trace in the form of a force jet of combustion products of a functional pyrotechnic composition.

Hot aerosol in the atmosphere forms a cloud that emits thermal energy at the wavelength of a working aircraft engine, which causes the fuse of an enemy rocket to falsify, thereby ensuring a safe flight of aircraft.

The proposed ammunition is characterized by speed and a third increased efficiency of the main action, compared with the standard pyrotechnic cartridge, forming a false target, the cost of which is twice as high as the cartridge according to the invention.

Moreover, in order to achieve a greater autonomous flight distance of the aerosol generator, an increase in its initial throwing speed is not accompanied by an excess of the developed recoil force damped in the bottom receiver, which makes it possible to use a standard launcher mounted on the blades for setting false goals.

The field tests of prototype cartridges according to the invention confirmed the reliability and effectiveness of the munition simulating the operation of an aircraft engine on an autonomous flight path remote from the aircraft, where the enemy’s missiles are fired by thermal fuses triggered by a false target - an infrared aerosol cloud.

Claims (1)

A pyrotechnic cartridge for setting a false target, containing an aerosol generator of infrared radiation generated during combustion in the combustion chamber of a functional tablet placed at the bottom of a cylindrical cup geometrically closed by rolling a barrel of a sleeve, in the flange of which an electric igniter capsule interacts with an axial igniter charge means mounted in the power unit, rigidly connected with the glass and communicating output channel with the bottom receiver, exl characterized in that the power unit is made in the form of a gas distribution grill with a central nozzle on which a blow-out device is located in the form of pyrotechnic checkers paired in the diameter of the combustion chamber from a functional quick-burning composition having longitudinal corrugations and adjacent to the aerosol-forming tablet.

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