RU2490398C1 - Dome structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: dome structure comprises a stiff frame with external and internal shells that create a cavity with lower atmospheric pressure. The inner shell is made of textile cloth, and the cavity formed by shells is connected to a fan that maintains in the cavity a previously calculated difference between dome-to-dome and atmospheric pressure, providing for even stretching of the inner shell of the specified spherical shape. The stiff frame is made as collapsible and is formed by a net of triangles.

EFFECT: improvement of structure stiffness.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely, prefabricated dome structures, and can be used for exhibitions, presentations, symposia, as well as planetariums, cinemas, etc.

Known dome planetariums made according to the pneumatic support scheme, which can be used indoors and outdoors. In an inflatable planetarium, you can not only conduct classes on the study of the starry sky, but also show special panoramic films http://www.rusbal.ru/.

A domed device for games is known comprising an outer spherical shell, an inner spherical shell placed inside the outer shell and having a radius smaller than the radius of the outer shell, resulting in a space being formed between the two shells that is filled with compressed air (see PM patent 19768 dated 06/01/2000, IPC A63G 31/00, published on 10/10/2001).

Dome inflatable movie theaters are known, on the inner walls of which a color image is projected. The fundamental difference from the well-known mobile cinemas on wheels and all kinds of “movie shifts” is the qualitatively new features of the unusual inflatable cinema hall - a full-dome show on the entire circular surface of the spherical screen http://adventure.spb.ru/mobile_planetarii/constr_kupolov/.

However, all of the above structures have a number of disadvantages, namely insufficient structural rigidity; the need for gateway entrances; noise from large fans that constantly maintain air pressure.

Known geodetic dome structures http://geo-dome.ru/.

The closest in design and technical nature to the proposed utility model is a dome structure (oh-yeti.ru/sales), which contains a strong frame with an aerodynamic shape and can resist strong winds. A hemispherical framework is a structure that creates the feeling of a large space. The frame is coated on the outside and inside.

The dome structure, taken as a prototype, has several advantages compared to the analogues described above, because Differs in special durability and adaptability.

However, despite the undoubted advantages of the well-known dome structure, it should be noted the disadvantage of the impossibility of obtaining a smooth, uniform internal surface, because the stretched inner shell repeats the shape of the frame, which limits its use, for example, does not allow the use of such a surface as a projection screen.

The task of the invention is to obtain a smooth spherical surface of the inner shell.

To achieve this objective, a dome structure is proposed, which, like the one closest to it, selected as a prototype, contains a rigid frame, with outer and inner shells forming a cavity.

A feature of the invention, which distinguishes it from the well-known adopted for the prototype dome structure, is that the cavity formed by the inner and outer shells is connected to a vacuum device that provides vacuum air in the cavity. In this case, the vacuum device can be made in the form of a fan.

The technical result achieved by the creation of the present invention is that rarefaction of air in the cavity (inter-dome space) provides uniform stretching of the inner shell having a given spherical shape. The solution to this problem became possible due to the fact that the dome structure is equipped with a vacuum device, for example, a fan connected to the cavity formed by the outer and inner shells.

Thus, the combination of the above features allows us to solve the problem.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which one of the specific examples of the implementation of the proposed dome structure.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the proposed dome structure.

Figure 2 shows the connection of the outer and inner shells. The dome structure (Fig. 1) consists of a rigid frame 1, an outer shell 2 with a protective film coating, an inner shell 3 forming a cavity 4 connected to a vacuum device (fan) 5 with a battery 6. Depending on the size of the fan 5, it may be installed directly on the outer shell 2, in which a hole is made (not indicated in the drawing). With a large diameter dome structure, a more powerful fan 5, necessary to maintain a vacuum inside the cavity 4, can be located near the structure and connected directly to the cavity or to one of the shells.

The outer 2 and inner 3 shells in the lower part are connected (Figure 2) using textile fasteners 7.

A rigid, quickly assembled frame 1 can be formed by a complex network of triangles and polygons that form a surface close to spherical. Structures with such a triangulation partition are promising in architecture, and are very similar to natural forms. The larger the dome, the lighter and stronger its construction (in proportion to the change in its size), because A network of survey lines offers the geometry of the most robust structural system.

The outer shell can be made of refractory and self-extinguishing materials or from materials coated with a special refractory layer. In addition, the outer shell must be lightproof and water repellent to protect it from rain.

The inner shell may be made of a thin, opaque textile fabric, for example, 210T polyester with a light gray textile base, a protective coating applied on the outside. In addition, it can be made of a special opaque film. The most successful for a projection screen is a material having a light gray textile base.

The outer and inner shells are made up of individual elements that are stitched or glued together, forming a spherical surface in accordance with a computer cut.

Lightproof shells provide light insulation of the internal volume of the dome structure, which is especially important when showing films and planetariums.

As a vacuum device, a fan can be used, which is selected according to the power depending on the size of the dome. It is necessary that the vacuum device provides a pre-calculated difference between the inter-dome and atmospheric pressure.

The dome structure is set as follows. First, a rigid frame 1 is assembled, an outer shell 2 is pulled onto its surface. An inner shell 3 is laid inside, with a reflective surface downward. The edges of the shells 2 and 3 are connected around the entire perimeter by a textile fastener 7 (Fig. 2). The vacuum device (fan) 5 is connected to the mains or to the battery 6, on the one hand, and to the cavity 4 on the other. With a large diameter dome structure, a more powerful fan 5, necessary to maintain a vacuum inside the cavity 4, can be located near the structure and connected to the cavity. In this case, a vacuum is created in the cavity 4. Under the influence of atmospheric pressure, the inner shell 3 rushes (rises) upward, stretches and takes a given spherical shape without touching the rigid frame 1.

This design of the dome structure allows you to use it as a movie theater, since the internal reflective surface is a spherical screen.

Evenly stretched spherical screen does not give optical distortion, which allows the use of special projection equipment. The projectors located inside the multimedia show a dynamic color image on the entire surface of the dome, creating a fantastic impression.

The proposed dome structure can be installed independently in the open air or indoors. In addition, it can be installed at an angle to the surface and even suspended at a certain height depending on the need.

Such a device is quickly installed and also quickly disassembled. When folded, the proposed dome structure has a low weight and volume for transportation.

The proposed design allows you to demonstrate multi-media films, various scientific, entertainment and educational programs, as well as organize various shows, exhibitions, advertising campaigns, planetariums, arrange training multi-media complexes, meditation halls, etc.

Claims (1)

A domed structure containing a rigid frame with outer and inner shells forming a cavity with reduced atmospheric pressure, characterized in that the inner shell is made of textile fabric, and the cavity formed by the shells is connected to a fan supporting a previously calculated difference between the dome and atmospheric in the cavity pressure, providing uniform stretching of the inner shell of a given spherical shape, while the rigid frame is made collapsible and formed by a network of treugs olnikov.

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