RU2489631C2 - Method to build complex of pipelines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: in the method stiff blocks with longitudinal pockets are installed and connected to each other in a trench with the possibility of low axial and angular motions. Further different pipelines and cables are installed in appropriate longitudinal pockets. Shape and size of pockets due to the difference in the shape and size of pockets and pipelines provides for the possibility of self-installation of pipelines and cables in accordance with deformations caused by soil settling, temperature and pressure in each pipeline. Then open sides of pockets are closed by side walls with installation of their lower parts into longitudinal slots of stiff blocks. On top the blocks and walls are closed with sectional covers. Places of joints between stiff blocks, side walls and sectional covers are additionally closed with joint-to-joint covers to form labyrinth locks.

EFFECT: provision of structure integrity, prevention of soil and moisture ingress into longitudinal pockets, fixation of pipelines and cables in appropriate pockets, their mechanical safety, heat and sound insulation along entire length of pipeline routing.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction work and can be used for the construction of a complex of pipelines, underground or ground construction, from various materials, for example, metal and plastic, and intended for water, gas and heat supply, sewage, telecommunication and electric cables, as well as closed horizontal drainage in heaving or unstable soils, in soils with deformations resulting from flooding, thawing, freezing or excessive external load . The latter, in particular, is characteristic of urban economy with heavy traffic of various heavy equipment, also in the conditions of continuous urban development with ground construction, where there is no possibility of earthworks.

Known trench and narrow trench methods for the construction of pipelines, including a fragment of the trench in the ground, followed by laying pipes to the bottom in the trench. Then make backfilling of the trench. The disadvantage of these methods is that when backfilling the trench, a large amount of soil is supplied, which, when dropped, can change the initial laying of pipelines, which leads already at the construction stage to a violation of the requirements of the project and therefore worsens the conditions for their functioning. It is also possible knee formation of flexible pipelines with such laying.

A known method of laying pipes of synthetic resins according to the patent KR 10-20040091241 for quickly performing pipe laying in shaped support, which is rigidly connected by connecting “sleeve-finger” pre-cast blocks with a semicircular recess for laying the pipe and then securing it using brackets and screws.

The disadvantages of this method include the fact that:

- one pipe is laid, not a complex of pipelines;

- a rigid connection is provided not only between the blocks, but also the rigid connection of the pipe to the blocks, which, due to the difference in the values of the physical parameters of the pipe and block, can lead to the destruction of such a structure;

- there is no pipeline protection against backfill.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is the method of laying several pipelines according to the patent US 1744102 A, which proposes the technology of laying several metal pipes of the same type, which are previously laid in a dug trench on installation gaskets (rigid blocks with a shaped part), fixing the location of the pipes relative to each other friend, after which they are monolithic concrete.

The main disadvantages of this method are as follows:

- the rigidity of the system “pipes-installation gaskets-monobet” and the safety of pipes from external influences is ensured by continuous concrete casting. Such a rigid design can work only with the same material parameters of all pipelines and the liquids transported in them (temperature, pressure) and is completely unacceptable for cables (electric, telephone, light-guide). In the first case, deformations arising with increasing temperature or pressure (depending not only on the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficients and Poisson, the transverse and bending stiffness of the pipeline material, but also on the corresponding technical characteristics of the concrete pouring and installation gaskets (clamps)) lead to increased stress concentration and, as a consequence, the destruction of both pipes and concrete pouring. Ideally, for such a design, all these characteristics should have exactly the same values for all pipes and concrete pouring, but this is practically impossible to provide.

The second case is impossible due to the significant difference in the specific elongation (expansion) coefficients of the conductive materials of cables and concrete after hardening, which will lead not only to a violation of insulation, but also to rupture of the conductive elements of the cables. This design makes it impossible to carry out repair work.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of construction, operation and repair of a complex of pipelines.

This is possible due to the simultaneous laying of a complex of pipelines and cables (the number and purpose of which depend on the requirements of the construction project) in one ground or underground trench in strict accordance with the technical conditions of the project (technical design for construction), preventing the deformation of pipelines and violation of their relative position due to external influences, both during installation and operation, as well as ensuring the safety of pipelines, heat and sound insulation, as well as increasing ontoprigodnosti.

The problem is achieved in that the method of constructing a complex of pipelines for water, gas and heat supply, sewage, telecommunication and electric cables, as well as closed horizontal drainage includes an excerpt of the main trench, the installation of trench-connected rigid blocks in the trench in which fittings are laid and fixed pipeline, backfill, in accordance with the invention, rigid blocks with longitudinal pockets are installed and interconnected with the possibility of small x axial and angular displacements, lay pipelines and cables in the corresponding longitudinal pockets, the shape and dimensions of which, due to the difference between the dimensions of the pockets and the dimensions of the pipelines, provide the possibility of self-installation of pipelines and cables in accordance with deformations caused by soil shrinkage, temperature and pressure in each of the pipelines, then the open sides of the pockets are closed with side walls, the lower parts of which are installed in the longitudinal grooves of the rigid blocks, and on top of the rigid blocks and Shackle wall closed sectional lids, wherein the joints of rigid blocks, the side walls and covers additionally closed sectional mezhstykovymi lids forming locks in place labyrinth joints.

Labyrinth locks at the joints ensure structural integrity, soil and moisture not falling into longitudinal pockets, fixing pipelines and cables in their respective pockets, their mechanical safety, as well as heat and sound insulation along the entire length of the pipeline route.

The technical result of the invention is:

- the possibility of self-installation of pipelines and cables for various purposes and from various materials (cast iron, steel, ceramic, plastic, aluminum or copper rubberized or polymer coated) inside the longitudinal pockets of rigid blocks in accordance with deformations caused by soil shrinkage, temperature changes during operation and pressure in each of the pipelines due to the difference between the dimensions of the pockets and the dimensions of the pipelines, while the pipes and cables do not come into contact with either liquid concrete or backfill material;

- the ability to self-install by the rigid blocks themselves (analogy with flexible strip foundations), which is ensured by connecting them together with the possibility of small axial and angular displacements (axial displacement Δ≤3 mm, angular displacement Δ≤1.5 °);

- easily removable side walls, sectional and inter-joint covers together with supporting rigid blocks completely isolate pipelines and cables from external influences, ensuring structural integrity, soil and moisture not falling into longitudinal pockets, fixing pipelines and cables in their respective pockets, their mechanical safety, as well as heat - and sound insulation along the entire length of the pipeline route;

- a complex of pipelines can be used without filling during the construction of ground communications, as well as underground, arranged in tunnels.

It should be noted that the shape and material of rigid blocks, side walls and sectional and inter-joint covers can be any and are determined by customer requirements. For example, the material is concrete, reinforced concrete, foam concrete or various plastics.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a complex of pipelines, side view. Figure 2 - the junction of the hard blocks. Figure 3 is a cross section of a section of the complex on a sectional cover. Figure 4 is a cross section of the complex along the inter-joint cover. Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the junction of the rigid blocks, side walls, sectional and inter-joint covers.

The construction of a complex of pipelines, for example, in the amount of four different pipelines, according to the proposed method is carried out in the following way: first, rigid blocks 1 with longitudinal pockets are installed and connected together along the pipeline route in an open trench. The possibility of small axial Δ and angular Δα movements is provided by means of longitudinal grooves 2 on the rear end part of the rigid block 1 and longitudinal rounded protrusions 3 on the front of the adjacent block 1. Then, various pipelines and cables are laid in the corresponding longitudinal pockets, for example, sewer pipes 4, pipelines of hot (heating) 5 and cold 6 water, electric cables 7. Then the open sides of the pockets are closed by the side walls 8 with the installation of their lower parts in the longitudinal grooves 9 blocks, and on top, blocks 1 and walls 8 are closed by sectional covers 10. After that, the joints of the hard blocks 1, side walls 8 and sectional covers 10 are additionally closed by interlocking covers 11, forming labyrinth locks at the joints, ensuring structural integrity, soil and moisture in the longitudinal pockets, fixing pipelines and cables in their respective pockets, their mechanical safety, as well as heat and sound insulation along the entire length of the pipeline route. Then make backfilling of the trench with soil.

When performing repairs of one or more pipelines in the place of the detected malfunctions on the corresponding hard block 1, the labyrinth locks are opened by removing the two inter-joint covers 11, then the section cover 10 and side wall 8 are removed one after the other, after which the hard block 1 is shifted horizontally to the side from open surface (in the case under consideration to the left) by an amount that ensures full opening of pipelines.

Claims (1)

A method of constructing a complex of pipelines for water, gas and heat supply, sewerage, telecommunication and electric cables, as well as closed horizontal drainage, including a fragment of the main trench, installation of tandem connected rigid blocks in the trench, into the shaped part of which the pipeline is laid and fixed, backfilling soil, characterized in that the rigid blocks with longitudinal pockets are installed and interconnected with the possibility of small axial and angular movements, produce a set of pipelines and cables in the corresponding longitudinal pockets, the shape and dimensions of which due to the difference between the dimensions of the pockets and the dimensions of the pipelines provide the possibility of self-installation of pipelines and cables in accordance with deformations caused by soil shrinkage, temperature and pressure in each of the pipelines, then open the sides of the pockets side walls, the lower parts of which are installed in the longitudinal grooves of the hard blocks, and on top of the hard blocks and side walls are closed with sectional covers, Rich place of rigid blocks of joints, sidewalls and lids sectional mezhstykovymi additionally sealed lids forming locks in place labyrinth joints.

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