RU2489248C1 - Diamond tool composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions of diamond tools intended for mechanical processing of nonmetallic materials: optical glass, industrial ceramics, quartz, silicon, crystalline materials, synthetic and natural stones, etc. Diamond tool comprises the following substances in wt %: diene synthetic rubber - 100, organic peroxide - 0.5-8.0, mineral filler - 5.0-60, industrial carbon - 5-50, organic filler -20-100 and diamond powder - 1-150.

EFFECT: higher cutting properties, stable cutting, wear resistance, lower roughness at various cutting stages.

2 tbl, 15 ex

Description

This proposal relates to compositions of diamond tools for machining non-metallic materials such as optical glass, technical ceramics, quartz, silicon, crystalline materials, synthetic and natural stones, and other non-metallic materials.

The known composition of the diamond tool [1], consisting of diene synthetic rubber, anti-friction additives, organic peroxide, mineral filler and diamond powder.

Such a tool provides polished surfaces with extremely low roughness values with high wear resistance and shape stability of the diamond tool. However, such tools work effectively only when finishing certain types of optical glasses, such as silicate glasses, as well as some types of natural and artificial stones.

The presence of only a mineral filler in such compositions makes it impossible to vary the properties of the instruments. This factor, therefore, limits the efficiency of using tools in the finishing of materials with various properties and their use in rough grinding operations.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a diamond tool [2], which includes diene synthetic rubber, organic peroxide used as a curing agent, mineral filler, carbon black and diamond powder in the following ratio, wt.h .:

diene synthetic rubber one hundred organic peroxide 0.5-5.0 mineral filler 5.0-55.0 carbon black 55.0-5.0 diamond powder 5.0-80.0

Such a diamond tool, subject to its thermovolcanization, provides effective processing of various materials both at the final and at the preliminary stages.

The disadvantage of this tool is its low wear resistance and shape resistance, especially at the stages of preliminary grinding.

The technical result achieved by the claimed technical solution is to ensure, when using the proposed diamond tool, to increase its wear resistance and shape resistance at low values of roughness and depth of the broken layer at various stages of machining of non-metallic materials.

This is achieved by the fact that an organic filler is additionally introduced into the composition of a diamond tool containing synthetic diene rubber, organic peroxide, mineral filler, carbon black and diamond powder.

It is advisable that the components of the diamond tool were taken in the following ratio, parts by weight:

diene synthetic rubber one hundred organic peroxide 0.5-8.0 mineral filler 5-60 carbon black 5-50 organic filler 20-100 diamond powder 1-150

In the study of the distinguishing features of the described composition of the diamond tool did not reveal any similar decisions regarding the composition of the claimed composition.

Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of "Novelty."

Comparison of the claimed technical solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this technical field [1, 2] shows:

 - that the claimed solution does not follow for the specialist explicitly from the prior art determined by the applicant;

- that it does not reveal signs that distinguish this technical solution from the prototype and does not reveal the effect of the transformations provided for by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the technical result.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of "Inventive step".

The composition is prepared by mixing the components on the rollers, vulcanizing the tool blanks in a mold under pressure and heat treatment in a free state at a temperature of 270 ÷ 300 ° C.

The introduction of an organic filler in the composition of a diamond tool ensures the achievement of a set of physicomechanical and structural properties necessary for the tool’s performance in processing various non-metallic materials. Moreover, depending on the compatibility of the organic filler and synthetic rubber, it is possible to purposefully change the properties of the composite and, thereby, affect the performance of a diamond tool in relation to a particular material. In addition, the organic filler helps to improve the tribochemical effect in the contact interaction zone, which positively affects the dispersion of the processed material.

Therefore, a tool containing an organic filler is characterized by high values of cutting ability and stability of cutting, wear resistance and shape resistance, low values of roughness and depth of the damaged layer of the treated surface at various stages of machining.

The amount of input components and their ratio in the composition of a diamond tool is determined by the ability to process the composition and the influence of the amount of each component on the performance during processing of a particular material. The content of the organic filler is determined by the total number of all fillers in the composition of the tool, but with its content of more than 100 parts by weight processing of the composition is difficult.

It should be noted that the organic filler must have increased heat resistance and thermal stability.

In the future, we consider specific examples of the invention.

Example 1

A diamond tool is prepared as follows: on rubber-mixing rollers, nitrile butadiene rubber is mixed - 100 parts by weight (table 1), dicumyl peroxide - 2 parts by weight, silicon dioxide - 30 parts by weight, carbon black - 20 parts by weight, organic filler - cellulose powder - 10 parts by weight and diamond powder with a particle size of 45 ÷ 53 microns - 75 wt.h.

The resulting mixture is loaded into the mold, molded in a hydraulic press and kept at a pressure of 5 ± 0.2 MPa at a temperature of 160 ± 3 ° C for 15 minutes. The obtained elastic preforms are placed in an oven and subjected to heat treatment in a free state at a temperature of 280 ± 3 ° C for 4 hours.

The tools were tested by the method of free grinding in a grinding machine. In the course of the tests, billets made of borosilicate glass, quartz, ceramics and granite were processed. The diameter of the workpiece is 75 mm, the spindle speed is 700 rpm, the specific pressure on the tool is 1.0 kg / cm ² , the processing cycle time is 60 s.

The test results are presented in table 2.

Example 0 presents the test results of a tool with a composition without an organic filler. Such a composition is similar to that stated in the prototype (2).

Examples 2-15.

Table 1 presents the compositions for the preparation of diamond tools, which differ in the content of organic fillers of various nature (cellulose, phenylone and Teflon, which were used in the form of powders), the ratio of the amount of mineral filler and carbon black, the content of vulcanizing agent and diamond powder.

The method of obtaining, heat treatment and testing of diamond tools are similar to those described in example 1.

Table 2 shows the performance indicators of the tools: L - grinding performance in micrometers per minute, h - relative tool wear in percent, Ra - surface roughness in micrometers.

Examples 3, 8, 9, and 13 show the performance parameters of instruments with the indicated organic fillers of optimal compositions.

From table 2 it is seen that such tools work more efficiently in comparison with the composition used in the prototype (Example 0).

The low content of organic fillers (examples: 1, 6 and 11) do not lead to an increase in the efficiency of the tools. A very high content of these fillers (examples: 5, 10 and 15) leads to increased wear of the tool and low quality of the processed surface.

A small amount of mineral fillers and carbon black (example 12), as well as a low content of dicumyl peroxide (example 14) and diamond powder (example 4) leads to low productivity of tools and increased wear. A very high content of these components also leads to low wear resistance of the tool and a very rough roughness of the treated surfaces.

Thus, the claimed diamond tool can be effectively used in the machining of various materials. From table 2 it can be seen that by compiling the optimal compositions, it is possible to obtain diamond tools that work effectively in the machining of non-metallic materials with various physicochemical and structural properties.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition "Industrial applicability".

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2038944, cl. B24D 3/22, 1992

2. RF patent №2121425, cl. B24D 3/22, 1996 (prototype).

Table 1 Tool Composition Examples Named
waning
components Numbers of examples (number of components, parts by weight) 0 one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 fourteen fifteen Butadiene
nitrile
ny
rubber one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred Dicumil
peroxide 2 2 2 3 four 2 2 6 5 2 2 2 2 one 0.3 2 Silica thirty thirty thirty twenty thirty thirty thirty fifty thirty thirty thirty thirty 2 twenty thirty thirty Technics
carbon cue twenty twenty twenty twenty 10 10 10 10 10 5 10 twenty 2 twenty 10 10 Cellulo
behind - 10 25 fifty 75 110 - - - - - - - - - - Phenylone - - - - - - 10 25 fifty 75 110 - - - - - Teflon - - - - - - - - - - - 10 25 fifty 75 110 Diamond powder 45-53 microns twenty 75 160 twenty 0.5 twenty 80 fifty twenty 10 twenty 40 fifty twenty 10 twenty

table 2 The performance indicators of tools of various compositions. n / a examples Silicate glass Quartz Ceramics Granite L h Ra L h Ra L h Ra L h Ra one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 0 160-200 0.3-0.5 0.25-0.50 45-60 0.3-0.4 0.17-0.30 23-30 0.4-0.7 0.13-0.20 170-220 0.5-0.7 0.30-0.55 one 160-200 0.3-0.4 0.23-0.45 45-50 0.3-0.4 0.17-0.30 25-32 0.4-0.7 0.14-0.20 170-220 0.5-0.6 0.32-0.50 2 100-120 0.2-0.3 0.19-0.40 30-35 0.4-0.5 0.12-0.20 10-16 0.3-0.5 0.11-0.16 120-140 0.3-0.5 0.20-0.43 3 180-220 0.2-0.4 0.18-0.30 80-100 0.2-0.3 0.11-0.17 30-36 0.3-0.4 0.12-0.17 190-230 0.3-0.4 0.17-0.32 four 38-50 0.8-1.5 0.28-0.60 12-15 2.2-3.2 0.15-0.25 8-11 0.6-0.9 0.15-0.25 30-42 0.9-1.6 0.15-0.23 5 120-140 1.2-3.0 0.4-0.8 35-40 0.8-1.3 0.15-0.25 27-35 0.5-0.8 0.25-0.32 130-160 0.7-1.1 0.28-0.50 6 160-200 0.2-0.4 0.25-0.5 40-55 0.3-0.4 0.15-0.25 22-28 0.4-0.6 0.13-0.18 170-220 0.5-0.6 0.33-0.50 7 180-210 8-10 0.6-0.9 90-110 1.5-2.5 0.60-0.80 38-52 0.8-1.2 0.50-0.70 200-240 1.8-2.8 0.80-1.25 8 190-220 0.4-0.5 0.3-0.5 95-130 0.3-0.4 0.15-0.25 55-68 0.2-0.3 0.11-0.18 200-250 0.3-0.4 0.17-0.30 9 200-230 0.4-0.6 0.35-0.55 110-140 0.3-0.4 0.20-0.28 50-65 0.2-0.3 0.13-0.20 190-240 0.3-0.4 0.15-0.25 10 220-240 1.0-3.0 0.5-0.8 120-150 0.5-0.7 0.50-0.75 60-75 0.6-1.0 0.50-0.80 220-260 0.8-1.2 0.55-0.85 eleven 160-200 0.3-0.5 0.22-0.40 45-60 0.3-0.4 0.17-0.30 28-36 0.4-0.6 0.11-0.20 170-220 0.5-0.7 0.28-0.50 12 60-80 0.3-0.4 0.15-0.30 15-25 0.4-0.5 0.07-0.18 14-26 0.6-0.8 0.15-0.25 40-58 0.9-1.5 0.48-0.80 13 140-180 0.2-0.3 0.18-0.28 55-70 0.2-0.3 0.13-0.22 52-66 0.2-0.4 0.14-0.18 220-270 0.3-0.4 0.12-0.18 fourteen 70-90 1.2-3.2 0.25-0.50 10-15 2.0-3.5 0.30-0.45 18-25 1.2-1.8 0.40-0.90 35-52 0.9-1.4 0.38-0.70 fifteen 20-40 1,5-3,5 0.12-0.18 18-35 0.6-0.8 0.5-0.65 30-45 0.7-1.1 0.37-0.48 220-270 0.7-0.9 0.33-0.67

Claims (1)

A diamond tool for processing non-metallic materials containing diamond powder, diene synthetic rubber, organic peroxide, mineral filler and carbon black, characterized in that it further comprises an organic filler in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:
diene synthetic rubber one hundred organic peroxide 0.5 - 8.0 mineral filler 5 - 60 carbon black 5 to 50 organic filler 20 - 100 diamond powder 1 - 150.