RU2488176C2 - Acoustomechanical converter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: acoustomechanical converter comprises hollow cylindrical case. Case ends are confined by inlet pipe and diffuser. Said case houses fixed airtight baffle to divide it into two chambers not communicated in terms of acoustics. Besides it accommodates structural and radiating diaphragms with their flexible edges secured to said case to make high-pressure inlet chamber, high-pressure balancing chamber and barometric pressure chamber. Also it incorporates a rod arranged coaxially with said case and rigidly secured to central part of aforesaid diaphragms fitted via seal in fixed airtight baffle to displace thereabout. Note here that high-pressure inlet chamber and high-pressure balancing chambers are communicated via calibrated port. Expansion-contraction springs are arranged between stiff parts of aforesaid diaphragms and fixed airtight baffle, aligned with case axis. Note here that said rod inside barometric pressure chamber represents a composite element. Note also that its components are coupled by mid spring to allow relative elastic displacement of rod components Stiffness of mid spring makes 0.15-0.25 of total stiffness of expansion-contraction springs. Said mid spring may be shaped to, at least, ring section or oval.

EFFECT: lower noise inside cabin of vehicle, particularly, that with turbosupercharger.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to transport engineering, mainly to high-class cars that use acoustic vibrations to inform the driver about the operating mode of the power unit (hereinafter CA). The claimed invention solves possible ways of generating such a sound through the use of an acoustomechanical generator of sports information sound and a system for transmitting “motor” information sound to the driver’s cab (passenger room) of a vehicle (ATS date), which improves the possibility of continuous acoustic monitoring by the driver of the CA operating mode.

One of the trends in modern automotive industry for high-end automatic telephone exchanges is the creation of dynamic sound in the driver's cab (passenger room) of the automatic telephone exchange, which improves the adequate perception by the driver of the automatic telephone exchange in the traffic flow and thereby increases the safety of driving automatic telephone exchanges. Buyers, as a rule, want to see PBXs whose noise pattern matches the type of PBX and their personal perception. For many customers, the “acoustic image” and sound comfort represent a seriously accepted buying motive. Driving pleasure should be enhanced by improving the internal acoustics of the ATS, creating a specific, inimitable character of sound typical of the chosen brand of ATS and satisfying the personal expectations of customers.

Numerous attempts to create sound information about the operation of the SA using "artificial sound", the strength and spectrum of which would depend on the mode of operation of the SA using acoustic speakers installed in the driver's cab (passenger room) of the automatic telephone exchange and controlled by complex computer complexes, were made by leading automotive companies Europe in the 90s. They were unsuccessful, because both the driver and passengers perceived the synthesized sound as artificial and did not psychologically perceive it as a signal from the SA, requiring an instant and immediate reaction. The solution to this problem required the "delivery" of natural sound and vibration signals coming directly from the CA and its systems. As a source of a useful signal, usually used sound vibrations in the nozzles of gas exchange systems SA and its vibration.

From patent information sources, for example, application DE 102007007946 (A1), IPC F01N 1/06, F01N 13/04, published 04.09.2008; application US 2007029133 (A1), IPC F01N 13/04, F01N 1/02, F01N 1/06, published 02/08/2009 known devices for registration of automatic telephone exchange noise regulating the sound emitted by the exhaust system into the surrounding space, so as to highlight (enhance) the noise of individual fundamental harmonics and subharmonics to create a sports image of the vehicle (sports sound). The sound transmitted to the ATS cabin simultaneously provides the driver with subconscious information about the operating mode of the SA and its speed, which according to the work (Bemd Fuchmann, Patrik Garcia, “Grundsatzuntersuchungen zum Sportsound durch Abgaskrümmer- und Vorrohranpassung", MTZ Motortechnische Teitschrift 62 (2001, 5, pp 356-366) has a positive effect on the safety of telephone exchanges on the road.

From the point of view of solving the problem of informing the driver, the disadvantage of the above devices (and similar) is the high noise levels emitted by the exhaust system into the environment, which leads to an increase in the total noise of the vehicle. This is especially true for high-end exchanges, with increased soundproofing of the cabin.

The above-mentioned drawbacks of the considered analogues are largely eliminated by using mechanical vibrations from the elastic supports of the CA suspension to transmit to the vehicle. The designs of such devices are known, for example, from the following patent information sources: patent application DE 102005025577, IPC F16F 13/10, F16F 13 / 18, published on December 7, 2006; patent application DE 102006003882, IPC F16F 13/10, B60K 5/12, published 02.08.2007; patent application DE 102006058110, IPC F16F 13/18, F16F 13/10, published 12.06.2008. All three of these analogues are structurally devices of hydraulic supports for the CA suspension and consist of the following main components: fasteners connecting the support with an element of the PBX body (body, subframe) and with CA, respectively; an elastic element and variously interacting hydraulic cavities separated by a partition, and sets of hydromechanical elements for regulating the dynamic forces transmitted to the vehicle body, which are then transmitted through the "mechanical bridges" to the driver's cab (passenger room) and create a sound field there. Supports also include conical throttling elements that control the passage sections of the internal channels and the dynamic characteristics of the support depending on the static deformation of the supports.

The disadvantages of these analogues include the limited paths and elements of the impact on the frequency characteristics of the transmission, since the regulatory elements act simultaneously on the low-frequency (main) characteristics of the support and its dynamic characteristics in the frequency range of informative sound. Another disadvantage is the complexity of controlling and regulating the transmission of oscillations along the body of the telephone exchange.

From application for US patent No. 2008135330, F01N 1/16, published 12.06.2008, known single-membrane acoustomechanical transducer ("impressor"). In the presented analogue, pressure fluctuations in the intake pipe CA excite sound vibrations in the inlet chamber of the “impressor”, which, in turn, cause vibrations of the membrane and, accordingly, radiation of sound into the space of the engine compartment and from there into the driver’s cabin (space of the passenger compartment).

The disadvantage of the considered design, especially for turbo-charged SAs, is variable static pressures in the intake system, depending on the mode of operation of the SA, variable static forces acting on the membranes, changing their stiffness characteristics and violating the stability of the characteristics of sound transmission to the driver’s cabin (passenger room) ( stability of the transfer functions of the system). Another significant drawback of the device is the possibility of foreign objects entering the clean air zone when the device is depressurized or broken.

As a prototype, a device of a mechanoacoustic transducer (“impressor”) was adopted, presented in German patent No. 10149169, IPC G10K 9/02, published on 12.12.2002. The acoustomechanical transducer considered includes a hollow cylindrical body, the ends of which are bounded by an inlet pipe and a diffuser, inside of which a fixed air-blown baffle is mounted, dividing the body cavity into two acoustically non-communicating volumes, power and radiating membranes, the flexible peripheral part of which is fixed on the body and which form inside the body , respectively, the input high-pressure chamber, compensating the high-pressure chamber and the atmospheric pressure chamber I, as well as a rod mounted coaxially to the body and fixedly mounted on the rigid central part of the power and radiating membranes and movably mounted through a sealing element in a stationary air-blown partition, while the input high-pressure chamber and the compensating high-pressure chamber communicate through a calibrated channel, and between the rigid the central parts of the power and radiating membranes and the stationary air-blown baffle, axially to the axis of the housing, tension springs are installed - zhatiya.

In the prototype, the contradiction between the requirements for static and dynamic stiffness is eliminated by mechanical separation of zones of excess and atmospheric pressure. Static pressures in overpressure chambers are balanced through a narrow calibrated throttling channel. Oscillations of actual frequencies through the named channel are practically not transmitted.

The most intense transmission of useful vibrations from the intake system through the high-pressure chambers and the atmospheric pressure chamber and the radiating membrane occurs at the natural frequency of the mechanical system, including the mass of the membranes and the stem and elasticity, determined by the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs. These tension-compression springs and masses are selected in such a way that the resonant frequency of the mechanical system coincides with the oscillation frequencies of the fundamental harmonic of the intake noise that are most relevant for transmitting the information signal.

A significant disadvantage of the prototype is the narrow frequency band of the oscillation amplification, determined by the narrowness of the transmission gain bandwidth of the standard elastic-mass resonant circuit, which is less than 1/3 octave. When the rotational speed of the CA crankshaft changes, the main harmonic changes in the range of actual revolutions by 1.5-1.8 times and the device gain bandwidth becomes insufficient to ensure a complete information signal to the driver in the entire range of actual revolutions and, accordingly, to fully ensure an increase in the quality of registration of comfortable noise in the cab driver (passenger room) ATS.

The technical result achieved by the present invention is to improve the quality of comfortable noise in the driver's cab (passenger room) of the vehicle.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the implementation of the set of essential features presented in the independent claim, and is achieved by the fact that in the known device of an acoustomechanical transducer containing a hollow cylindrical body, the ends of which are limited by an inlet pipe and a diffuser, inside of which a fixed air-tight partition separating the cavity is mounted enclosures for two acoustically non-communicating volumes, a power and radiating membrane, a flexible peripheral part which are mounted on the casing and which form, inside the casing, respectively, an inlet high-pressure chamber that compensates for the high-pressure chamber and atmospheric pressure chamber, as well as a rod mounted coaxially to the casing and fixedly mounted on the rigid central part of the power and radiating membranes and movably mounted through the sealing an element in a stationary airless partition, while the high-pressure inlet chamber and the high-pressure compensating chamber communicate via calibers of the channel, and between the rigid central parts of the power and radiating membranes and the fixed airless septum, axially to the axis of the housing, tension-compression springs are installed, the rod within the atmospheric pressure chamber is made integral, while its components are interconnected by means of an intermediate spring element that allows relative elastic axial displacement of the rod parts relative to each other. The stiffness of the intermediate spring element is selected from the range of 0.15 ... 0.25 of the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs. The intermediate spring element may be in the form of at least part of a ring, or oval.

Thus, the technical result is achieved by introducing into the known design of the acoustomechanical transducer a composite rod and an additional element - an intermediate spring element that allows relative elastic axial displacement of the rod parts relative to each other.

Comparison and analysis of scientific, technical and patent documentation on the priority date in the main and related sections of the MKI shows that the set of essential features of the claimed solution was not previously known, therefore, it meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The analysis of known technical solutions in the art showed that the claimed device has features that are not available in the known technical solutions, and their use in the claimed combination of features makes it possible to obtain a new technical result, therefore, the proposed technical solution has an inventive step compared to the existing level technicians.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, because can be manufactured industrially, efficiently, feasibly and reproducibly, therefore, meets the patentability condition “industrial applicability”.

Other features and advantages of the claimed invention will become apparent from the drawings and the following detailed description of the claimed device, where:

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the inventive acoustomechanical transducer;

Figure 2 shows the position of the acoustomechanical transducer in the neutral position. Here, the vertical axis OO is located in a plane coinciding with the plane passing through the center of the stationary air-tight partition, the vertical axis X-X is located in the plane coinciding with the plane passing through the center of the power membrane, the vertical axis YY is located in the plane coinciding with the plane passing through the center of the radiating membrane;

Figure 3 shows the oscillations of the first form when the intermediate spring element is not deformed. The deviation of the plane of the power membrane from the X-X axis, and the plane of the radiating membrane from the Y-Y axis are shown;

Figure 4 shows the oscillations of the second form, when the membranes are moved apart in opposite directions, the power membrane from the axis X-X, the emitting membrane from the axis Y-Y.

The positions in the drawings show:

1. Hollow cylindrical body,

2. Inlet pipe

3. Diffuser

4. Fixed non-blown baffle plate,

5. Power membrane

6. The radiating membrane

7. Flexible peripheral part of the power membrane,

8. Flexible peripheral part of the radiating membrane,

9. High pressure inlet chamber

10. Compensating pressure chamber,

11. Atmospheric pressure chamber,

12. Stock

13. The rigid central part of the power membrane,

14. The rigid central part of the radiating membrane,

15. The sealing element

16. The calibrated channel

17. The compression tension spring in the pressure compensating chamber,

18. The compression tension spring in the atmospheric pressure chamber,

19. The intermediate spring element

20. The cavity of the diffuser.

The acoustic-mechanical transducer shown in figure 1, contains a hollow cylindrical body 1, the ends of which are limited by the inlet pipe 2 and the diffuser 3. Inside the body 1 is mounted a fixed air-tight partition 4, dividing the body cavity into two non-communicating volumes, power 5 and emitting 6 membranes , a flexible peripheral part 7 and 8, respectively, which are mounted on the housing 1 and which form inside the housing 1, respectively, the input high-pressure chamber 9, compensating the high pressure 10 and the atmospheric pressure chamber 11. The rod 12 is mounted coaxially to the housing 1 and is fixedly mounted on the rigid central part 13 and 14, respectively, of the power 5 and emitting 6 membranes and is movably mounted through the sealing element 15 in the stationary air-tight partition 4. Inlet high-pressure chamber 9 and the compensating high-pressure chamber 10 communicate through a calibrated channel 16, and between the rigid central parts 13 and 14 of the power 5 and the emitting 6 membranes and the stationary airless partition 4 axially to the axis AA of the housing 1, tension-compression springs 17 and 18 are installed. The rod 12 within the atmospheric pressure chamber 11 is made integral, while its components are mated to each other by means of an intermediate spring element 19 that allows relative elastic axial displacement of the stem parts relative to each other. The stiffness of the intermediate spring element 19 is selected from the range of 0.15 ... 0.25 of the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs 17 and 18. The intermediate spring element 19 may be in the form of at least part of a ring or oval. In particular, in the figures shown, the intermediate spring element has the shape of a closed ring (oval).

The acoustomechanical transducer operates as follows.

The pressure fluctuations in the inlet pipe 2 cause sound vibrations in the inlet chamber of the high pressure 9, which, in turn, cause vibrations of the power membrane 5. The pressure fluctuations from the inlet pipe 2 are transmitted to the inlet chamber of the high pressure 9, cause longitudinal vibrations of the power membrane 5 and through the constituent parts of the rod 12, interconnected by means of an intermediate spring element 19, are then transferred to a radiating membrane 6 that radiates sound to the engine compartment or to the surrounding space through the cavity l diffuser 20 as a surround emitter. The side of the radiating membrane 6, located in the chamber of atmospheric pressure 11, creates pressure fluctuations in the chamber of atmospheric pressure 11, which are not transmitted to the environment. The calibrated channel 16 equalizes the static pressures in the inlet high-pressure chamber 9 and the compensating high-pressure chamber 10 and protects the easily moving elements of the formed movable mechanical unit from damage by pressure forces (as is the case in the prototype). A sealing element 15 is mounted in the stationary air-tight partition 4 to prevent the penetration of the gaseous medium (air) from the compensating high-pressure chamber 10 into the atmospheric pressure chamber 11.

When the power membrane 5 is excited by the forces of alternating pressure in the mechanical system of the acoustomechanical transducer, the natural modes of oscillation shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are excited. In the first form, the power membrane 5 and the radiating membrane 6 move as a unit on the springs 17 and 18 and the system does not “feel "The intermediate spring element 19, Fig.3. In the second form, the masses move towards each other and the intermediate spring element 19 is actively involved in the oscillatory process, Fig.4. The natural frequency of the second form is higher than the natural frequency of the first form. Near the natural frequencies, the most intense emission of vibrations into the environment is observed.

To achieve the effect of broadband frequencies must be close to each other to ensure transmission in the intermediate frequency range. For this, the stiffness of the intermediate spring element 19 should be quite small compared to the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs. However, in the presence of friction in the sealing element 15 and mechanical losses in the said springs 17 and 18, the weak intermediate spring element 19 does not provide the necessary forces from the power membrane 5 to the radiating membrane 6. In this regard, it is optimal when the stiffness of the intermediate spring element 19 is selected from the range of 0.15 ... 0.25 of the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs 17 and 18.

Of course, the claimed invention is not limited to the specific structural examples of its implementation described in the text and shown in the accompanying figures. Some minor changes to the various elements or materials from which these elements are made, or to replace them with technically equivalent ones that do not go beyond the scope of the claims indicated by the claims, remain possible.

Claims (3)

1. An acoustomechanical transducer comprising a hollow cylindrical body, the ends of which are bounded by an inlet pipe and a diffuser, inside of which a fixed air-blown baffle is mounted, dividing the body cavity into two acoustically non-communicating volumes, power and radiating membranes, the flexible peripheral part of which is fixed to the body and which form inside the housing, respectively, the input high-pressure chamber, compensating the high-pressure chamber and the atmospheric pressure chamber, as well as a current installed coaxially to the housing and fixedly mounted on the rigid central part of the power and radiating membranes and movably mounted through the sealing element in a fixed air-blown partition, the high-pressure inlet chamber and the high-pressure compensating chamber communicate through a calibrated channel, and between the rigid central parts of the power and radiating membranes and a stationary air-blown baffle, axially to the axis of the housing, tension-compression springs are installed, cast characterized in that the rod within the atmospheric pressure chamber is made integral, while its components are interconnected by means of an intermediate spring element that allows relative elastic axial displacement of the rod parts relative to each other. 2. The acoustic-mechanical transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffness of the intermediate spring element is selected from the range of 0.15 ... 0.25 from the total stiffness of the tension-compression springs. 3. The acoustomechanical transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate spring element has the shape of at least part of a ring or oval.

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