RU2485427C1 - Surface air cooling condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: steam-gas mixture is supplied to a surface air cooling condenser consisting of two and more sections connected to each other, each of which includes a housing, side walls, upper and lower tube sheets rigidly attached to each other with condensate tubes and side walls, which are parallel located, an upper chamber with a cover plate and interaction holes of inlet and outlet sections, which is separated with a vertical partition wall into inlet and outlet cavities, and a bottom with a condensate outlet branch pipe, and equipped with a branch pipe with an air supply diffuser; at that, the inlet cavity of the section that is the first one in the mixture flow direction is equipped with a supply branch pipe; outlet cavity of the section that is the last in the mixture flow direction is equipped with a non-condensed gas removal branch pipe, and condensate outlet branch pipes are combined by a header with the condensate removal branch pipe.

EFFECT: invention allows enlarging functional capabilities of the condenser and improving reliability and degree of removed non-condensed gas from steam-gas mixture at its condensation.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical engineering, in particular to air cooling devices, and in particular to surface condensers that realize the process of condensation of multicomponent vapor-gas mixtures containing a non-condensable gas component, and can be used in the oil refining and petrochemical industries, including their waste pyrolysis products.

Known air-cooled condenser, comprising a heat exchange section in the form of a tube bundle with inlet and outlet manifolds, equipped with intermediate manifolds with condensate drain pipes, and configured to connect new sections to the intermediate manifolds / RF Patent No. 2126387, B01D 5/00, 1999 ./.

A disadvantage of the known air-cooled condenser is the impossibility of using it to extract a non-condensable part of the gas from the gas-vapor mixture, since this part of the gas is removed from the outlet manifold together with the condensate.

Known surface condenser with air cooling, containing a vertical bundle of condenser tubes located between the upper chamber with the outlet pipe of the vapor and the lower horizontal chamber with a pipe for supplying steam and condensate, divided by a transverse partition into the upper and lower cavities with vertical tubes, the upper ends of which are placed in condenser tubes / USSR Author's Certificate No. 720209, F28B 1/06, 1980 /.

A disadvantage of the known invention is the inability to use a surface condenser to condense multicomponent vapor-gas mixtures with reliable evolution of non-condensable gases, since non-condensable gases and vapor of the liquid fraction, which did not have time to condense in the condensate pipes, go into the existing branch pipe due to the short residence time in the data pipes.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the residence time of the gas mixture in the cooling zone and the formation of the required heat exchange surface area.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to expand the functionality of the surface cooling condenser while increasing the reliability and degree of extraction of non-condensable gas from the gas mixture during its condensation.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the surface air-cooled condenser contains at least two interconnected sections, each of which contains a housing, side walls, upper and lower tube sheets rigidly interconnected in parallel condensate pipes and side walls, the upper chamber with a lid and openings of the communication sections for the entrance and exit of the gas mixture, separated by a vertical partition on the inlet and outlet cavity and, and the bottom with a condensate outlet pipe, and is equipped with a pipe with a diffuser for supplying air, while the inlet cavity of the section, the first along the steam-gas mixture, is equipped with a pipe for supplying the gas-vapor mixture, the outlet cavity of the section, last along the steam-gas mixture, is equipped with a pipe non-condensable gas outlet, and condensate outlet pipes of the bottom of the sections are combined by a collector for collecting condensate with a condensate drain pipe.

In a particular case, the surface air-cooled condenser contains three sections.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of a three-section capacitor with a local section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1. For greater clarity, the aspect ratios of individual nodes and elements have been changed.

The surface air-cooled condenser (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) consists of sections 1 mounted in series by means of bolted connections, and a collector 2 for collecting condensate with a condensate drain pipe 3. Each section 1 contains a housing 4, an upper chamber 5, a pyramidal bottom 6 with condensate outlet pipe 7. Housing 4 contains a tube bundle consisting of condensate tubes 8 fixed rigidly in the upper 9 and lower 10 tube sheets, which are also connected by two vertical walls 11 with supports 12. For air supply, n For example, from the atmosphere, the condenser is equipped with a nozzle with a diffuser for supplying air 13. The upper chamber 5 of each section 1 is divided by a partition 14 into two cavities - the inlet 15 and the outlet 16, while the outlet cavity 16 of the previous section-1 gas-vapor mixture is connected to the inlet cavity 15 of the next section 1 by means of openings for communicating sections 17 (FIG. 3), the inlet cavity 15 of section 1, the first along the steam-gas mixture, is provided with a pipe for supplying the gas-vapor mixture 18, and the output cavity of section 1, the last along the steam gas mixture, is equipped with a pipe for removing non-condensable gas 19. The upper chamber 5 is equipped with horizontal shelves 20 with holes for bolt connections for fastening the upper chamber 5 to the upper tube sheet 9 and the cover 21, removed during installation and cleaning of the tube bundle.

The bottom 6 is equipped, like the upper chamber 5, with lower horizontal shelves 22 with bolt holes for attaching the bottom 6 to the housing 4, and the condensate outlet pipe 7 of the bottom 6 is equipped with a flange 23 for attaching to the flanges of the incoming pipes 24 of the collector for collecting condensate 2.

The collector for collecting condensate 2 contains a housing 25 with a bottom sloping towards the center, with a condensate drain pipe 3 and nozzles 24 for connecting to the condensate outlet pipes 7 of the bottom 6 of each section 1.

In the general case, the number of sections 1 depends on the heat exchange surface area of each of them and the required total heat exchange surface area of the condenser.

The capacitor works as follows.

The vapor-gas mixture (PGS) is supplied through the steam-gas mixture supply pipe 18 to the inlet cavity 15 of the upper chamber 5 of the first section 1, from where it passes down the condensate pipes 8 of the half of the pipe space, enters the bottom cavity 6, changes the direction of movement and continues to move along the condensate pipes 8 of the second half of the space is now from the bottom up, then it enters the outlet cavity 16 of the upper chamber 5, from where it enters the inlet cavity 15 of the upper chamber 5 of the second section 1 through the opening 17 for message sections 1, then the process the ASG movement is repeated in each of the sections 1 that make up the capacitor as a whole. Through the nozzle with a diffuser 13 for supplying air into the annulus of sections 1, air is supplied, for example, from the atmosphere, which is then diverted heated. When passing through condensate pipes 8 cooled by air, all steam components condense from the ASG, and the resulting liquid fraction flows down the inner walls of the condensate pipes 8 to the bottoms 6, from where it flows through the condensate outlet pipes 7 to the collector for collecting condensate 2 and then through the drain pipe condensate 3 into the condensate collector (not shown in the drawings).

Non-condensable gas (NG) passes through the condensate pipes 8 of all sections 1, is freed from impurities of the liquid fraction along its entire path, exits the condenser through the branch pipe of the non-condensable gas 19 and goes to further processing.

The proposed surface capacitor allows

- to expand the functionality and increase the reliability and the degree of extraction of non-condensable gas both from the initial vapor-gas mixture and from the liquid fraction formed during condensation, since in the tube space of the condenser a multi-path is created with a change in the direction of movement of the vapor-gas flow, which provides more complete condensation of all condensed components of the vapor-gas mixtures and release of substandard gas from vapors and their liquid fraction;

- to obtain any value of the heat exchange surface area by increasing or decreasing the number of sections easily assembled into the required surface capacitor of the required heat exchange surface area.

Claims (2)

1. A surface air-cooled condenser, characterized in that it contains at least two interconnected sections, each of which contains a housing, side walls, upper and lower tube sheets, rigidly interconnected in parallel with condensate pipes and side walls, the upper chamber with a lid and openings of the communication sections for the input and output of the gas mixture, separated by a vertical partition into the inlet and outlet cavities, and a bottom with a condensate outlet pipe, and is equipped with a compartment with a diffuser for supplying air, while the inlet cavity of the section, the first along the steam-gas mixture, is equipped with a nozzle for supplying the vapor-gas mixture, the outlet cavity of the section, the last along the steam-gas mixture, is equipped with a non-condensable gas outlet pipe, and the condensate outlet pipes of the bottoms of the sections are combined a condensate collector with a condensate drain pipe. 2. The surface air-cooled condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises three sections.

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