RU2484594C2 - Physical broadcast channel (pbch) transmission for reliable detection of antenna configuration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: methods may include obtaining data for transmission, encoding the data and modulating the data. During modulation, the data may be configured in such a way as to convey the configuration of the data through modulation of the data. These methods may also include obtaining an antenna configuration, obtaining a representation of the antenna configuration and masking the data with an error correcting code, where the mask corresponds to the antenna configuration.

EFFECT: providing reliable communication between base stations, cutting costs.

44 cl, 16 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in General, relates to wireless communications and more specifically to a method for improved estimation of interference power.

State of the art

Modern communication systems include transceivers that contain multiple antennas located in many configurations. In order to transmit information using these transceivers, information related to the configuration of the antennas must be transmitted to a device communicating with the transceiver. However, this transmission requires a large frequency band and is not easy to implement. Transmitting antenna configurations is a significant cost to a communications system. Therefore, there is a need in the art for an improved system and method for transmitting antenna configuration information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, systems and methods for transmitting data related to the configuration of transmission antennas are disclosed. These methods may include receiving data for transmission, encoding data, and modulating data. During data modulation, the data can be configured to transmit the data configuration by modulating the data. These methods may also include obtaining an antenna configuration, obtaining a representation of the antenna configuration, and masking the data with an error correction code, where the mask matches the antenna configuration.

In another embodiment, a wireless communication network is disclosed that comprises a plurality of base stations capable of wireless communication with a plurality of subscriber stations in a network coverage area. In these embodiments, at least one of the plurality of base stations is capable of encoding a transmission antenna configuration into a QPSK constellation and transmitting a QPSK constellation. In addition, the transmission can be masked using an error correction code that matches the configuration of the transmission antenna.

In yet another embodiment, systems and methods are disclosed with a base station capable of wireless communication with multiple subscriber stations in a network coverage area. In these embodiments, the base station is capable of transmitting data with at least one antenna, encoding the configuration of the at least one antenna into the data stream, and transmitting the data stream. These methods may further comprise transmitting an error correction code that is masked in such a way as to represent the configuration of the transmission antennas.

Before undertaking a detailed description of the invention below, it may be useful to provide definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The terms “include” and “contain”, as well as their derivatives mean inclusion without limitation, the concept of “or” is inclusive, meaning and / or, the phrases “associated with” and “associated with it”, as well as their derivatives can mean the following: include, be included in, interconnect with, contain, contain, connect with or together, connect with or together, be connected with, interact with, interleave, be adjacent, be close to, be connected with or together, have , have a property or the like, and The term “controller” means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation, such a device may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or software, or some combination of at least two of them. . It should be noted that the functionality associated with a particular controller can be centralized or distributed either locally or remotely. Definitions for certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document, those skilled in the art will understand that in many, if not most cases, such definitions apply to previous as well as future uses of such specific words and phrases.

Brief Description of the Drawings

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its advantages, reference is made below to the following description, illustrated by drawings, in which like reference numbers represent like parts.

1 illustrates an example wireless network that transmits uplink ACK / NACK messages in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure.

2 is a high level diagram of an OFDMA transmitter in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

3 is a high level diagram of an OFDMA receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

4 is a high level diagram of a transmission path in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

5 is a display diagram of a combination of QPSK modulation in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

6 is a diagram of a modified display of a combination of QPSK modulation in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

7 is a diagram of a second modified display of a combination of QPSK modulation in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a third modified display of a QPSK modulation constellation in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a fourth modified display of a QPSK modulation constellation in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

10 is an example of a transport chain illustrating a re-display of a population in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

11 is a flowchart of a signal interpretation using a subscriber station in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a constellation mapping and CRC masking in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

13 is a block diagram of a CRC masking in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a signal interpretation using a subscriber station in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a constellation re-mapping and CRC masking in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a signal interpretation using a subscriber station using both a combination of QPSQ and a CRC mask, in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 - figure 16, discussed below, and various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure in this patent document are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any appropriately configured wireless communication system.

1 illustrates an example wireless network 100 that transmits ACK / NACK messages in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. In the illustrated embodiment, the wireless network 100 includes a base station (BS) 101, a base station (BS) 102, a base station (BS) 103, and other similar base stations (not shown). Base station 101 is in communication with base station 102 and base station 103. Base station 101 also communicates with the Internet 130 or a similar IP-based network (not shown).

The base station 102 provides wireless broadband access (via the base station 101) to the Internet 130 for the first set of subscriber stations in the coverage area 120 of the base station 102. The first set of subscriber stations includes a subscriber station 111, which may be located in a small company (SB) subscriber station 112, which may be located at the enterprise (E), subscriber station 113, which may be located in the active area (HS) of WiFi, subscriber station 114, which may be located in the first home (R), subscriber station ntsiyu 115, which may be in the second housing (R), and subscriber station 116, which may be a mobile unit (M), such as a cellular phone, a portable wireless laptop, a wireless PDA, or the like.

The base station 103 provides wireless broadband access (via the base station 101) to the Internet 130 for a second set of subscriber stations in the coverage area 125 of the base station 103. The second set of subscriber stations includes a subscriber station 115 and a subscriber station 116. In an illustrative embodiment, the base stations 101-103 can communicate with each other and with subscriber stations 111-116 using OFDM or OFDMA methods.

Base station 101 may communicate with more or fewer base stations. In addition, although only six subscriber stations are depicted in FIG. 1, it should be understood that the wireless network 100 can provide wireless broadband access for additional subscriber stations. It should be noted that the subscriber station 115 and the subscriber station 116 are located at the borders of both the service area 120 and the service area 125. Each subscriber station 115 and subscriber station 116 communicates with both the base station 102 and the base station 103, and may be referred to as operating in a handover mode, as is known to those skilled in the art.

Subscriber stations 111-116 may access voice, data, video conferencing and / or other broadband services via the Internet 130. In an illustrative embodiment, one or more of the subscriber stations 111-116 may be associated with a WLAN access point (AP) WiFi. Subscriber station 116 may be any of a number of mobile devices, including a portable portable computer with wireless capabilities, a personal data assistant, a laptop, a handheld device, or any wireless enabled device. Subscriber stations 114 and 115, for example, may be a personal computer (PC) with wireless capability, a portable laptop computer, a gateway, or other device.

FIG. 2 is a high level diagram of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission path. FIG. 3 is a high level diagram of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) reception path. In FIGS. 2 and 3, an OFDMA transmission path is implemented in a base station (BS) 102, and an OFDMA reception path is implemented in a subscriber station (SS) 116 for purposes of illustration and explanation only. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the OFDMA reception path can also be implemented in the BS 102, and the OFDMA transmission path can be implemented in the SS 116.

The transmission path to the BS 102 comprises a channel coding and modulation unit 205, a S-to-P conversion block 210, an N dimension inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 215, and a parallel-to-serial (P-to- S), a cyclic prefix adding unit 225, an up-converter (UC) 230. The reception path in SS 116 comprises a down-converter (DC) 255, a cyclic prefix removing unit 260, a serial-parallel (S-to-P) block 265 ) conversion, block 270 quick conversion Fourier (IFFT) of dimension N, block 275, parallel-to-serial (P-to-S), the decoding unit 280 and the demodulation channel.

At least some of the components in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be implemented in software, while other components can be implemented using configurable hardware or a mixture of software and configurable hardware. In particular, it should be noted that the FFT blocks and IFFT blocks described in this document can be implemented as configurable software algorithms, where the dimension value N can be modified in accordance with the implementation.

In addition, although this disclosure is directed to an embodiment that implements fast Fourier transform and inverse fast Fourier transform, this is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed in such a way as to limit the scope of the disclosure. It will be understood that in an alternative embodiment, the disclosure of the fast Fourier transform function and the inverse fast Fourier transform function can be easily replaced by the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) functions and the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) functions, respectively. It will be understood that for the DFT and IDFT functions, the value of the variable N can be any integer (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for the functions FFT and IFFT, the value of the variable N can be any integer that is a power of two (i.e., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

In BS 102, a channel coding and modulation unit 205 receives a plurality of information bits, applies coding (e.g., turbo coding), and modulates (e.g., QPSK, QAM) input bits to create a frequency domain modulation symbol sequence. The serial-parallel conversion unit 210 converts (i.e., demultiplexes) the serial modulated symbols into parallel data to create N parallel symbol streams, where N is the IFFT / FFT dimension used in BS 102 and BS 116. Then, N IFFT block 215 has dimension N performs an IFFT operation on N parallel symbol streams to create time-domain output signals. The parallel-serial conversion unit 220 converts (i.e. multiplexes) the parallel output time-domain symbols from the N dimension IFFT block 215 to create a serial time-domain signal. The cyclic prefix adding unit 225 then inserts the cyclic prefix into the time domain signal. Finally, the upconverter 230 modulates (i.e. upconverts) the output of the cyclic prefix block 225 to the RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered in the baseband before being converted to RF.

The transmitted RF signal enters the SS 116 after passing through the wireless channel and performing reverse operations to the BS 102. The downconverter 255 downconverts the received signal to the baseband frequency, and the cyclic prefix remover 260 removes the cyclic prefix to create a serial baseband signal of the time domain. Block 265 serial-parallel conversion converts the signal of the main frequency band of the time domain into parallel signals of the time domain. Then, an FFT block 270 of dimension N performs the FFT algorithm to create N parallel frequency domain signals. The parallel-serial conversion unit 275 converts the parallel signals of the frequency domain into a sequence of modulated data symbols. The channel decoding and demodulation unit 280 demodulates and then decodes the modulated symbols to restore the original input data stream.

Each of the base stations 101-103 can implement a transmission route, which is an analog of downlink transmission to subscriber stations 111-116, and can implement a reception route, which is analogous to reception in uplink from subscriber stations 111-116. Similarly, each of the subscriber stations 111-116 may implement a transmission route corresponding to an architecture intended for transmission in an uplink to base stations 101-103, and may implement a reception route corresponding to an architecture intended for reception in a downlink from base stations 101-103.

The present disclosure describes methods and systems for transmitting information related to a base station configuration to subscriber stations, and more particularly to transmitting an antenna configuration of a base station to subscriber stations. This information can be transmitted in a variety of ways, including placing the antenna configuration in a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) set (for example, a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal of dimension n, where n is 2ˆx) and putting the antenna configuration in error correction data (for example, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) data). By encoding the antenna information, either in combination with QPSK or in the error correction data, base stations 101-103 can transmit the antenna configuration of the base stations without having to separately transmit the antenna configuration. These systems and methods provide for cost reduction, while at the same time guaranteeing reliable communication between base stations 101-103 and many subscriber stations.

In some embodiments disclosed herein, data is transmitted using QAM. QAM is a modulation scheme that transmits data by modulating the amplitude of two carrier signals. These two signals are referred to as quadrature carriers and they are usually 90 degrees out of phase with respect to each other. QAM can be represented using a population that contains 2ˆx points, where x is an integer greater than 1. In the embodiments discussed in this application, the populations discussed will be collections of four points (4-QAM). Collectively, a 4-QAM two-dimensional graph is represented by a single point in each quadrant of a 2-dimensional graph. However, it is understood that the innovations discussed in this application can be used with any modulation scheme with any number of points in the aggregate. It is further understood that with aggregates with more than four points, additional information (eg, a power reference signal) relating to the configuration of base stations 101-103 can be transmitted in accordance with the disclosed systems and methods.

It is understood that the transmitter in base stations 101-103 performs many functions prior to actual data transmission. In an embodiment, 4-QAM modulated QAM symbols are converted from sequential to parallel and introduced into the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). IFFT outputs N time-domain samples. In the disclosed embodiments, N refers to the IFFT / Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) dimension used by the OFDM system. The signal after IFFT is converted from parallel to serial and a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the signal sequence. The resulting sample sequence is referred to as an OFDM symbol.

At the receiver in the subscriber station, this process is reversed, and the cyclic prefix is first removed. The signal is then converted from serial to parallel before being fed to the FFT. The output signal of the FFT is converted from parallel to serial, and the resulting QAM modulation symbols are input to the QAM demodulator.

The full frequency band in an OFDM system is divided into narrowband frequency blocks called subcarriers. The number of subcarriers is equal to the dimension N FFT / IFFT used in the system. Typically, the number of subcarriers used for data is less than N, since some subcarriers at the edge of the frequency spectrum are reserved as guard subcarriers. Usually no information is transmitted in guard subcarriers.

In the examples illustrated in FIG. 4, FIG. 10 and FIG. 12, the encoded BCH transport block is mapped into four subframes (subframes # 0, # 1, # 2 and # 3) in an interval of 40 ms. In an embodiment of 4-QAM, a coded broadcast channel (BCH) transport block is mapped to 4 OFDM symbols in a subframe. In the case of extended CP, this imposes a limit on the number of free characters in the case of type 1 FS TDD to three free characters.

For illustrative purposes, the three antenna configurations of base stations 101-103 will be used as examples in this application. These configurations are one transmission antenna, two transmission antennas using a spatial frequency block coding (SFBC) transmission scheme, and four transmission antennas using an SFBC transmission scheme - frequency diversity transmission diversity (FSTD). Although different transmission schemes have been used, detecting the number of transmission antennas based on the schemes is difficult. Each transmission scheme has a large part of the signal, which can be considered as a subset of other schemes, and therefore, it is difficult to reliably detect and determine the used scheme based on the signal. Therefore, the antenna configuration will need to be encoded either in the transport block of the physical broadcast channel (P-BCH) and the associated set of QAM or in the error correction data of the transport block P-BCH.

For P-BCH, QPSK modulation is used. As discussed above, a 4-QAM constellation contains four distinct points that are distributed in four quadrants of a two-dimensional display. The following is a table illustrating the display of the population that will be discussed in this disclosure:

The placement of data in the outgoing transmission of base stations 101-103 is performed through a transmission chain. A transmission chain is a sequence of operations performed to prepare data for transmission. These operations may include scrambling, modulating, and displaying data. Transmission chains can be used in accordance with a variety of communication methods, including orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).

In order to facilitate understanding of numerous embodiments of the antenna configuration information of the transmitting base stations 101-103, the transmission chain of the displayed broadcast channel data (BCH) at a predetermined time interval is illustrated in FIG. It is understood that the disclosed examples related to the data encoding disclosed herein vary from 10 ms to 40 ms, but any time interval compatible with the disclosed systems and methods may be used.

4 is an example of a method that can be used in accordance with the disclosure to encode data. Figure 4 is a description of the high level transmission of the BCH transport block. R-BCH is received using the display mechanism in the BCH transport block (block 301). Channel coding, which includes rate matching, is applied to the BCH transport block (block 302). As will be discussed in this application, during channel coding, the data can be modified so as to insert error correction information into the data from the BCH transport block, which can be used to transmit the antenna configuration. The encoded and speed matched data is encrypted (block 303) and modulated (block 304). The resulting modulated data is mapped to QPSK data stream in frames (block 305). In some embodiments, during data display, the display will be changed to transmit antenna configuration information. It is understood that this transmission chain is provided for illustrative purposes only and that other transmission chains in different sequences with different steps can be used in accordance with the present disclosure.

5 is a two-dimensional display of a combination of QPSK modulation using the data shown in Table 1. As discussed above, in each frame encoded by the transport chain, there are four elements that map to the QPSK data stream. For illustrative purposes, these four information elements will be referred to as 00 (in quadrant A), 01 (in quadrant B), 10 (in quadrant C) and 11 (in quadrant D). It will be appreciated that the QPSK constellation mapping may provide information regarding the configuration of the antenna at base stations 101-103. Usually, since there are 4 aggregate points in QPSK modulation, there are only 4! (24) of all possible mappings, as shown below. The following is table 2 of all available mappings:

5 is an example of a display index # 14 shown in Table 2. In this display, A, B, C, and D are quadrants of the QPSK population. The mapping of elements 00, 01, 10 and 11 into quadrants A, B, C and D can be controlled using a subscriber station. This mapping is then compared with a known table such as table 3.

Using table 3, the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103 transmitting the constellation illustrated by FIG. 5 can be determined. The antenna configuration can be determined by displaying the QPSK and it is independent of the transmission scheme used and the number of antennas. Therefore, using the constellation mapping associated with a known QPSK table, such as the table illustrated in table 3, offers a reliable method for determining the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103.

.FIG. 5 is one example of a QPSK mapping, and FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are examples of various other mappings. FIG. 6 is an example of a display # 1 in table 2 and is substantially similar to FIG. 5 with the addition of an illustration of the position of each display with respect to 1 / $$\sqrt{2}$$

.

Fig.7, Fig.8 and Fig.9 are examples of mappings that are performed after Fig.6. The purpose of these mappings is to add antenna configuration data to the QPSK data mapping. This data addition may be performed by displaying, shifting, or negating, as illustrated by FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9. It is understood that any method of adjusting the QPSK population can be used.

Fig.7 is a phase shift of 90 degrees of the data in Fig.6. By the phase shift of FIG. 6, the antenna configuration related to the display index # 11 of Table 3 can be transmitted. Through this display, the SFBC / FSTD configuration 4 is determined.

Fig. 8 is an example of a display of negation. Fig. 8 is a negation with respect to part I after display index # 1. By negating, the antenna configuration related to the display index # 17 of Table 3 can be transmitted. Through this display, the SFBC / FSTD configuration 3 is determined.

9 is another example of a display of negation. 9 is a negation with respect to the part Q after the display index # 1. By negating, the antenna configuration related to the display index # 8 of Table 3 can be transmitted. Through this display, the SFBC / FSTD configuration 3 is determined.

10 is an example of a transport chain 600 illustrating a re-display of a population. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, channel speed coding is performed including speed matching (block 601). In addition, a channel speed signal is scrambled (block 602). Then, the scrambled signal is modulated (block 603). After the signal is modulated, a population mapping is performed (block 604). The re-mapping of the constellation is performed in such a way that the resulting mapping will transmit the antenna configuration of the base stations 101-103. A re-mapping of the population is performed by first identifying the antenna configuration of the base stations 101-103. After the configuration of the antenna is determined, choose a display that matches the configuration of the antenna. Using the selected configuration display, QPSK is re-mapped to transmit the antenna configuration. Finally, data framing is performed, where the data is put into frames for transmission (block 605).

(0),…, $$\tilde{b}$$

(M $${}_{bit}$$

-1) в выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности $$\tilde{d}$$

(0),…, $$\tilde{d}$$

(M $${}_{symb}$$

-1) может быть описано как отображение в таблице 3, индекс которого является функцией $$f(N_t)$$

, где $$N_t$$

- число антенн передачи в базовых станциях 101-103.It is clear that at the modulation stage (block 603), the mapping index # 1 in table 3 is used. After the aggregate re-mapping step, the full mapping from scrambled bits $$\tilde{b}$$

(0), ..., $$\tilde{b}$$

(M $${}_{bit}$$

-1) to the output of the stage of the re-mapping of the population $$\tilde{d}$$

(0), ..., $$\tilde{d}$$

(M $${}_{symb}$$

-1) can be described as a mapping in table 3, whose index is a function $$f(N_t)$$

where $$N_t$$

- the number of transmission antennas in base stations 101-103.

In the case when there are 3 possible antenna configurations with 1, 2 or 4 transmission antennas, the modulation stage and the stage of re-mapping the population are determined using 3 (out of 24) possible mappings in table 3. For example, the following function depicts a mapping that corresponds to a certain number of antennas in this configuration:

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}$$

-1.It should be noted that the entry m # 1 was used to indicate the first mapping in table 3. The repeated mapping (block 604) will depend on the configuration of the antenna. For the case of a single transmission antenna configuration, the step of re-mapping the population is simply $$\tilde{d}(i)=d(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}$$

-one.

выходе этапа модуляции. Для последовательности на выходе этапа модуляции, $$d(0)\mathrm{,...,}d(M_{symb}-1)$$

, $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

и являются реальной и мнимой частями $$d(i)$$

. Затем выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности дают последовательность символов, описанную с помощью:In the case where there are two transmission antennas, as shown in FIG. 5, the display index # 14 of table 3 can be considered by applying a 90 degree shift by $$$$

output of the modulation stage. For the sequence at the output of the modulation step, $$d(0)\mathrm{,\; ...,}d(M_{symb}-\mathrm{one})$$

, $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

and are the real and imaginary parts $$d(i)$$

. Then, the output of the re-mapping stage of the population gives a sequence of characters described using:

As depicted in this equation, a 90 degree phase shift is simply converted to an I-Q switch with a negation operation.

, если обозначить $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

, и $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

обозначены как реальная и мнимая части $$d(i)$$

, тогда выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности дают последовательность символов, описанную с помощью $$\tilde{d}(i)=-j\cdot d(i)=-j{d}_I(i)+d_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

. Этот сдвиг фазы на -90 градусов также преобразуется в переключатель I-Q с операцией отрицания.In the case where there are four transmission antennas, a -90 degree shift can be applied at the output of the modulation step in addition to display # 1. For the sequence at the output of the modulation stage $$d(0)\mathrm{,\; ...,}d(M_{symb}-\mathrm{one})$$

if we denote $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

, and $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

marked as real and imaginary parts $$d(i)$$

then the output of the re-mapping stage of the population gives the sequence of characters described by $$\tilde{d}(i)=-j\cdot d(i)=-j{d}_I(i)+d_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

. This -90 degree phase shift is also converted to an IQ switch with a negation operation.

For another example of this embodiment, the following function for displaying a population is described:

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

.As discussed above, for a single transmission antenna, the constellation remapping is $$\tilde{d}(i)=d(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

.

, если $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

, и $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

обозначены как реальная и мнимая части d(i), тогда выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности дают последовательность символов, описанную с помощью

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

.When there are two transmit antennas, the display index # 14 of table 3 can be considered by applying the negation operation with respect to part I at the output of the modulation step. For the sequence at the output of the modulation stage $$d(0)\mathrm{,\; ...,}d(M_{symb}-\mathrm{one})$$

, if $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

, and $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

are designated as the real and imaginary parts of d (i), then the output of the stage of re-displaying the population gives the sequence of characters described by

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

.

, если $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

, и $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

обозначают реальную и мнимую части d(i), тогда выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности дают последовательность символов, описанную с помощью $$\tilde{d}(i)=d_I(i)-j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

.When there are three transmission antennas, the display index # 8 of table 3 can be considered by applying the negation operation with respect to part Q at the output of the modulation step. For the sequence at the output of the modulation stage $$d(0)\mathrm{,\; ...,}d(M_{symb}-\mathrm{one})$$

, if $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

, and $$d(i),d_Q(i)$$

denote the real and imaginary parts of d (i), then the output of the stage of the re-mapping of the population gives the sequence of characters described by $$\tilde{d}(i)=d_I(i)-j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

.

, как (для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

), может быть определена следующая зависимость между конфигурацией антенны и последовательностями отображения:In another embodiment, a mathematical function can be applied to determine the configuration of the antenna, eliminating the need for table 3. In this embodiment, the function of the module can be applied to the index, resulting in an antenna configuration. In this illustrative embodiment, a display index is applied to a module function, resulting in an integer that matches the antenna configuration. For example, for a function $$g(N_t,i)$$

as (for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

), the following relationship between the antenna configuration and the display sequences can be determined:

The module function is applied to the population index received by the subscriber station. This eliminates the need for table 3, as the result of the module matches the configuration of the antenna.

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

.To configure a single antenna, re-mapping the constellation modulo is simply $$\tilde{d}(i)=d(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

.

, если $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

обозначает реальную и мнимую части d(i), тогда выходные данные этапа повторного отображения совокупности дают последовательность символов, описанную с помощью:For the configuration modulo two transmission antennas, repeat the display sequence of length 3 m # 1, m # 17, m # 8. For the sequence at the output of the modulation stage $$d(0)\mathrm{,\; ...,}d(M_{symb}-\mathrm{one})$$

, if $$d(i)=d_I(i)+j{d}_Q(i)$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

denotes the real and imaginary parts of d (i), then the output of the stage of the re-mapping of the population gives the sequence of characters described by:

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

For a configuration modulo four transmission antennas, the output of the constellation re-mapping step yields a sequence of characters described by:

для i=0,…, $$M_{symb}-1$$

for i = 0, ..., $$M_{symb}-\mathrm{one}$$

11 is a flowchart of a sequence of steps for interpreting by a subscriber station signals received from base stations 101-103. In this flowchart, a signal is received by a subscriber station (block 701). Then, the subscriber station collects a sequence of characters through the assigned resource Strategic Missile Forces (block 702). At this point, the population is interpreted to determine the corresponding number of antennas. Understand that in most cases this will be enough to determine the configuration of the antenna. This configuration can be confirmed using the following three assumptions. Understand that the first assumption selected will be based on population information, and the second assumption will only be used if the first assumption fails to have true CRC as a result. A “true” CRC control refers to a CRC operation in which no errors appear, and a “false” CRC control refers to a CRC operation in which errors occur.

In the first assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration 1 of the transmission antenna (block 701). The output from the re-mapping step is then demodulated with the assumption of one transmitter (block 704). Then, scrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 705). Finally, CRC control is performed on the decoded data (block 707). If the CRC control passes and the data is not distorted, then confirm the assumption that there is one transmission antenna.

In the second assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of two transmission antennas (block 709). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated with the assumption of two transmitters using the SFBC receiver (block 710). Then, scrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 711). Finally, CRC control is performed on the decoded data (block 712). If the CRC control passes and the data is not distorted, then confirm the assumption that there are two transmission antennas.

In the third assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of the four transmission antennas (block 713). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated with the assumption of four transmitters using the SFBC / FSTD receiver (block 714). Then, descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 715). Finally, CRC control is performed on the decoded data (block 716). If the CRC control passes and the data is not distorted, then confirm the assumption that there are four transmission antennas.

In each of the blocks 706, 711 and 715, four separate decodings are performed. These decodings are performed with timing of 10, 20, 30, and 40 ms. Therefore, although the configuration of the antennas in base stations 101-103 can be determined, timing may not be determined. The time is confirmed by decoding testing at each timing relative to CRC control. When the CRC control result is true, the timing and configuration of the antenna are confirmed.

After one of the assumptions is confirmed, the number of transmission antennas is known (block 708). This information, together with the correct timing, is used to interpret the content of the Strategic Rocket Forces. It is understood that the re-mapping of the constellation as a function of the number of transmission antennas can be applied to another physical channel and to other modulations, such as BPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM, etc.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a CRC masking step is added to the transport block of the Strategic Missile Forces. The resulting transmission chain 800 is depicted in FIG. CRC masking means that the CRC bits are masked using a sequence of bits, which is a function of the number of transmit antennas.

12 shows that data is input into the system (block 801). The CRC mask is applied to the data entering the system (block 802). Then the data is encrypted (block 803) and modulated (block 804). A preview may optionally be added, as discussed in the previous embodiment (block 805). Finally, data is placed in data frames (block 806).

13 is an example 900 of how a CRC mask can be applied. The payload P-BCN is received for transmission (block 901). Based on the data, a CRC code is generated (block 902). This CRC code is then masked using a sequence that is a function of the number of transmit antennas (block 903).

CRC monitoring is typically performed on data to ensure data reliability and integrity. There are many ways to calculate a CRC code and apply CRC control. For example, CRC can be a polynomial xИ4 + x + 1. It can be used to check, to understand that the data is intact. This polynomial can be applied to any CRC-4 compliant data. Let, for example, take the following input data: 00000001 (data).

If they are sent and received through a known communication channel and this data remains intact, the following function illustrates that the CRC of this data would return a true result:

CRC (00000001) = true.

However, with the present invention, the data is masked using another CRC mask. Therefore, the data goes through the following conversion:

00000001 (data) → 00000002 (masked data).

Using the old CRC control, the result would be false:

CRC (00000002) = false.

The present disclosure uses many masks to modify data. These masks are then monitored with respect to the CRC control to determine which mask is true. For example, using the data 00000001, the following mask could be used:

00000001 (data) → 00000002 (disguised data, one antenna);

00000001 (data) → 00000003 (masked data, two antennas);

00000001 (data) → 00000004 (masked data, four antennas).

Masked data, when received using a subscriber station, goes through the reverse process of unmasking. If the masked data is unmasked using the “correct” mask, then CRC control will be true. For example, 00000003, unmasked using the mask of one antenna, would not be equal to 00000001 and, therefore, CRC control would be unsuccessful. 00000003, unmasked by the mask of two antennas, would be equal to 00000001 and, therefore, the CRC control would achieve the goal. Thus, the data transmitted to the subscriber station can be masked using information related to the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103.

13, the P-BCH is concatenated with a masked CRC (block 904). In this block, data is combined with a masked CRC, allowing the subscriber station to interpret data accordingly.

14 is a flowchart 1000 of a sequence of steps for a subscriber station to interpret signals received from base stations 101-103. In this flowchart, a signal is received by a subscriber station (block 1001). Then, the subscriber station collects a sequence of characters through the assigned resource Strategic Missile Forces (block 1002). At this point, three assumptions are made regarding the configuration of the antenna. One of the three should result in a true result, and the true result will correspond to the correct antenna configuration. Unlike the embodiment that encodes the antenna configuration in the QPSK population, the CRC embodiment does not provide information directly related to the antenna configuration. Therefore, in contrast to an embodiment of the QPSK population, each assumption can be verified.

In the first assumption, there is a step of reverse re-displaying the population while assuming the configuration 1 of the transmission antenna (block 1003). The output from the re-mapping step is then demodulated with the assumption of one transmitter (block 1004). Then descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1005). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the first CRC mask (block 1006). If CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there is one transmit antenna.

In the second assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of the two transmission antennas (block 1009). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated with the assumption of two transmitters using the SFBC receiver (block 1010). Then, descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1011). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the second mask (block 1012). If the CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there are two transmit antennas.

In the third assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of the four transmission antennas (block 1013). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated under the assumption of four transmitters using the SFBC / FSTD receiver (block 1014). Then, descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1015). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the third CRC mask (block 1016). If the CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there are four transmit antennas.

In each of blocks 1005, 1011, and 1015, four separate decodings are performed. These decodings are performed with timing of 10, 20, 30 and 40 ms. Therefore, although there are three assumptions about the number of antennas in base stations 101-103, each of these configurations can have four timing. Therefore, there are actually twelve tests performed to determine the correct configuration of base stations 101-103.

After one of the assumptions is confirmed, the number of transmit antennas is known. This information, together with the correct timing, is used to interpret the contents of the Strategic Rocket Forces (block 1007).

It is understood that both codes, QPSK aggregates, and error corrections can be used in one embodiment. 15 is an illustrative embodiment 1100 that uses both QPSK population mapping and CRC masking. Data is entered into the system (block 1101). The CRC mask is applied to the data entering the system (block 1102). Then, the data is scrambled (block 1103) and modulated (block 1104). Then, the antenna configuration is displayed in the QPSK population, and the data is placed in data frames (block 1105).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a subscriber station interpreting signals received from base stations 101-103 using both a QPSK population and a CRC mask. In this flowchart, a signal is received by a subscriber station (block 1201). Then, the subscriber station collects a sequence of characters through the assigned resource Strategic Missile Forces (block 1202). This information is used to determine the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103 through the QPSK constellation. Three assumptions can be used to confirm the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103 obtained from the QPSK population.

In the first assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration 1 of the transmission antenna (block 1203). The output from the re-mapping step is then demodulated with the assumption of one transmitter (block 1204). Then, descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1205). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the first CRC mask (block 1206). If CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there is one transmit antenna.

In the second assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of two transmission antennas (block 1208). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated with the assumption of two transmitters using the SFBC receiver (block 1209). Then, descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1210). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the second mask (block 1211). If the CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there are two transmit antennas.

In the third assumption, there is a step of reverse re-mapping the population while assuming the configuration of the four transmission antennas (block 1212). Then, the output from the re-mapping step is demodulated with the assumption of four transmitters using the SFBC / FSTD receiver (block 1213). Then descrambling and decoding is performed relative to the data (block 1214). Finally, CRC monitoring is performed on the decoded data using the third CRC mask (block 1215). If the CRC control passes, then the assumption is confirmed that there are four transmit antennas.

In each of the blocks 1205, 1210 and 1214, four separate decodings are performed. These decodings are performed with timing of 10, 20, 30, and 40 ms. Therefore, although there are three assumptions about the number of antennas in base stations 101-103, each of these configurations can have four timing. Therefore, there are actually twelve tests performed to determine the correct configuration of base stations 101-103.

After one of the assumptions is confirmed, the number of transmit antennas is known. This information, together with the correct timing, is used to interpret the contents of the Strategic Rocket Forces (block 1207).

By using both QPSK sets and CRC masks, the antenna configuration of base stations 101-103 can be confirmed.

Although the present disclosure is described using an illustrative embodiment, various changes and modifications may be obvious to a person skilled in the art. The present disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications as are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (44)

1. A wireless communication network comprising a plurality of base stations having wireless communication with a plurality of subscriber stations in a network coverage area, wherein at least one of the plurality of base stations has the ability
encoding the configuration of the transmission antenna in the QPSK constellation and the transmission of the QPSK constellation. 2. The network according to claim 1, additionally containing a subscriber station having the ability
receiving an antenna configuration,
decoding the antenna configuration and
configuration of the subscriber station with the possibility of communication in accordance with the configuration of the antenna. 3. The network according to claim 1, additionally containing a subscriber station having the ability
determining transmission timing for transmitting to the base station. 4. The network according to claim 1, in which the base station additionally has the ability to transmit information related to the output of power in aggregate. 5. The network of claim 1, wherein the base station further comprises at least two transmission antennas. 6. The network according to claim 2, in which the subscriber station first determines the configuration of the antenna, and then determines the timing of the transmission. 7. The network according to claim 2, in which the base station transmits a set of QPSK through a physical broadcast channel. 8. A base station having wireless capability with multiple subscriber stations in a network coverage area, the base station being able to
transmitting data with at least one antenna,
encoding the configuration of at least one antenna into the data stream; and
data stream transmission. 9. The base station of claim 8, in which the data stream uses a combination of QPSK. 10. The base station of claim 8, in which the data stream uses a set of QAM. 11. The base station of claim 8, wherein the base station further comprises a population display table, and wherein the display table contains a plurality of antenna configurations, and wherein the base station selects a display from the display table that corresponds to the configuration of at least one antenna. 12. The base station of claim 8, and the base station contains four transmission antennas. 13. The base station of claim 8, wherein the base station transmits a data stream in a plurality of frames. 14. The base station of claim 13, wherein the frames are spaced 10 ms apart. 15. The method of operation of the base station, comprising stages in which
receive data for transmission,
encode data
modulate data
get the antenna configuration
get an idea of the configuration of the antenna,
display data in a manner consistent with the representation of the antenna configuration. 16. The method according to clause 15, in which the representation of the antenna configuration is a table that matches the configuration of the antennas with the sets. 17. The method according to clause 16, further comprising the step of transmitting data. 18. The method according to clause 16, further comprising the stage of forming data frames. 19. The method according to clause 16, in which the population is a collection of 4 points. 20. The method according to clause 16, in which the base station contains at least two antennas. 21. A wireless communication network comprising a plurality of base stations having wireless capability with a plurality of subscriber stations in a network coverage area, wherein at least one of the plurality of base stations has the ability
encoding the error correction mask to the data, the error correction mask being used to transmit information related to the configuration of one or more transmission antennas in at least one of the base stations, and
data transmission. 22. The network according to item 21, further containing a subscriber station, and the subscriber station can determine the configuration of the antenna through a variety of assumptions related to one or more possible mask error correction of multiple base stations. 23. The network according to item 22, in which the subscriber station has the ability to determine the timing of frames transmitted by at least one base station. 24. The network of claim 21, wherein the error correction mask is selected from a plurality of error correction masks that correspond to a plurality of antenna configurations. 25. The network of claim 21, wherein the error correction mask is used by cyclic redundancy check. 26. The network of claim 22, wherein the subscriber station is a mobile phone. 27. The network of claim 21, wherein the cyclic redundancy check concatenates with the payload data. 28. The network of claim 21, further comprising transmitting an aggregate comprising information related to the configuration of the antenna of the at least one base station. 29. A base station having wireless capability with multiple subscriber stations in a network coverage area, the base station being able to
determine the configuration of the antenna of at least one transmission antenna of the base station,
masking the configuration of at least one antenna in the error correction code,
concatenation of error correction code with the data stream and
data stream transmission. 30. The base station of claim 29, wherein the error correction code is a cyclic redundancy check. 31. The base station of claim 30, wherein the data stream is transmitted in at least some primary data of the broadcast channel payload. 32. The base station according to p, in which the encoded configuration of at least one antenna is transmitted as a set of QPSK. 33. A method of operating a base station, comprising the steps of receiving data for transmission,
encode data
modulate data
get the antenna configuration
get an idea of the antenna configuration,
mask error correction code, and the mask matches the configuration of the antenna. 34. The method according to p, in which the error correction code is a CRC control. 35. The method according to clause 34, in which the mask is applied to control CRC. 36. The method according to clause 35, further comprising the step of transmitting data. 37. The method according to clause 35, further comprising the stage of forming data frames. 38. The method according to clause 35, further comprising the stage of creating a set of QPSK from data that relates to a specific configuration of the antenna. 39. The method according to clause 35, further comprising transmitting a data stream in at least some primary data of the broadcast channel payload. 40. A mobile station having wireless capability with multiple base stations in a network coverage area, wherein
mobile station has the ability
receiving a signal from at least one of the plurality of base stations,
determine the configuration of the antenna of at least one transmission antenna of the base station using a signal from at least one of the plurality of base stations, the signal containing information related to the configuration of the antenna, and
communicating with a base station using an antenna configuration of at least one transmission antenna. 41. The mobile station of claim 40, wherein the antenna configuration is transmitted using an error correction code. 42. The mobile station of claim 40, wherein the signal is transmitted in at least some broadcast channel payload data. 43. The mobile station of claim 40, wherein the encoded configuration of the at least one antenna is transmitted as a QPSK population. 44. The mobile station according to paragraph 41, wherein the error correction code is a cyclic redundancy check.

Images