RU2483156C1 - Flat surface gate of spillway structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: gate comprises a device for lifting and lowering of a gate, a vertical embedded frame and a flat shield. The shield comprises a steel shield frame with vertical and horizontal stiffening ribs, casing, vertical side seals and a horizontal bottom seal. The casing of the steel shield and its seals are made in the form of a solid channel-shaped non-metal web of a material, for instance, rubber. The bottom seal of the shield is made in the form of a lower end of the channel-shaped web, and side vertical seals of the shields - in the form of rectangular ends of its vertical shelves.

EFFECT: increased tightness of a gate, reduced value of steel shield deformation, simplified design of a gate and technology of its manufacturing.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of hydraulic structures in which it is necessary to have an adjustable water outlet. The invention can find wide and effective application for the construction of regulated reservoirs, for example, in the construction of water bodies of irrigation and drainage facilities and sewage treatment plants.

Known flat shutter, including the embedded frame, the casing, carrying the casing beam cage, seals and running gear. The casing directly relies on the crossbars of the beam cell. The crossbars themselves are based on extreme diaphragms: support-end posts that transmit pressure to the guide rails through the running gear. The cost of metal for casing is very high - about 30% of the mass of the shutter, while the mass of stringers does not exceed 8%. Since the thickness of the skin is the same everywhere, the step of the stringers is determined by the condition of the strength of the skin. The thickness of the casing in the surface gates is taken at least 6 mm, and with a culvert 10 mm or more, at least 10 mm.

Such flat shutters are equipped with powerful actuators to overcome their own weight and friction in the chassis of the lifting mechanism. They are widely used for hydraulic structures of increased responsibility: hydroelectric power stations, dams, shipping locks and canals, docks; due to the simplicity of design, ease of maintenance and repair. The cost of manufacturing flat valves is (10 ... 15)% less than the cost of manufacturing segment valves, and installation is cheaper by 30%. [1, p. 78]. A significant drawback of such closures is that a flat thin sheathing sheet is not able to perceive any significant pressure independently, therefore it is strengthened by a system of horizontal and vertical structural elements in the form of crossbars, stringers, diaphragms, supporting-end racks, and battens [2, p .10]. The laths are made continuous along the entire span of the shutter. They increase the stability of the compressed skin and increase its role and the role of the battens themselves in the shutter as a whole. To pass the battens through the diaphragms, windows are cut out in the latter.

The simplest flat shutter is beamless. It consists of a embedded frame and a shield, including the casing and its binding in the form of two racks and one or two simple elements, for example, from corners. The shutter is supplied with lateral vertical seals made of rubber of a P-shaped profile and a bottom seal made of strip rubber [3, p.144]. P-shaped seals are characterized by the greatest distribution in the modern construction of hydraulic structures. Such profiles are used for horizontal and vertical seals. A certain disadvantage of the P-shaped profile is its increased stiffness and the relatively small width of the sealing surface.

Bezelless shutters are widely and effectively used on small reclamation channels [3, p. 52]. A disadvantage of the known shutter is that the shield frame is made of channels and is included in the slots of the embedded frame [3, p.145, Fig.113], which increases the width of the groove of the embedded frame by the height of the channel. This design is characterized by the highest specific metal consumption.

A more compact flat panel shield shutter is known with a minimum groove width in the embedded frame, which includes a casing supporting the panel frame casing, flat seals and running gears. The shutter sheathing rests directly on the corners of the shield frame. Such flat shutters are equipped with the simplest actuating mechanisms, including manual ones. They are widely and effectively used to control fluid flows in open rectangular channels of treatment facilities, for example, sewer stations [4, p. 154]. Such closures can also be used as a locking element despite the fact that their design does not provide high tightness. These gates allow fluid to pass through for a short time after closing. As all leaks become clogged with contaminants, the gates become completely airtight. A significant drawback of such a shutter is that the corner shelves adjacent to the skin are directed into the internal cavity of the shield frame, that is, away from the groove of the embedded frame [4, p. 155, Fig. II.56, A-A]. With this arrangement of the shelves of the frame corners, it is not possible to place them in the grooves of the embedded frame, which eliminates the increase in the thickness of the skin in the most loaded section of its console due to the vertical shelves of the corners of the shield frame. Therefore, the required strength of the shutter sheathing is provided by increasing its thickness and setting additional stiffeners, which leads to additional consumption of alloy steel.

The prototype is a surface shield valve for a spillway containing a lifting device, a vertical embedded frame and a flat shield, including a steel shield frame with vertical and horizontal stiffeners, a sheathing in the form of a sheet of alloy steel, vertical side seals of P-shaped rubber and bottom rubber strip seal [5]. The required rigidity of the casing is provided by welding it to the stiffening ribs of the shield frame. Such flat gates are equipped with the simplest actuating mechanisms. They can reduce the amount of welding work in their manufacture, reduce the consumption of alloy steel and increase the tightness of rubber seals.

Sheathing from alloyed steel of type X18H9, vertical P-shaped rubber, bottom rubber strip increase the consumption of basic materials, complicate the design of the shutter and the technology of its manufacture, and welding the sheathing to the elements of the shield frame increases the consumption of welding materials and the deformation of the shield frame elements.

The technical result of the invention is to achieve a minimum consumption of basic and welding materials; minimal deformation of the shield frame; simplification of the design of the shutter and the technology of its manufacture by reducing the heterogeneity of the basic materials, the number of parts and welding.

To achieve the specified technical result in a surface shield shutter for a spillway structure comprising a device for raising and lowering the shutter, a vertical embedded frame and a flat shield including a steel shield frame with vertical and horizontal stiffeners, sheathing, vertical side seals and a bottom seal, steel sheathing the shield and its seals are made in the form of a solid channel-shaped web of material, such as rubber; the horizontal bottom seal of the shield is made in the form of the lower end of a solid channel-shaped web, and the side vertical seals of the shield are in the form of the rectangular ends of its vertical shelves.

These differences provide a positive effect in the following form. The use of one channel-shaped web of non-metallic material instead of steel sheathing and two rubber seals of the metal shield reduces the consumption of basic and welding materials, the strain of the steel shield, simplifies the design of the shutter and its manufacturing technology due to the reduction of the heterogeneity of the basic materials, the number of parts and welding operations.

Figure 1 shows a view of the proposed shutter from the side of the incoming fluid flow; figure 2 presents a section aa; Figure 3 is a section bB in Figure 1; figure 4 is an isometric view of the shutter.

The shutter contains a vertical embedded frame 1, a water control shield 2 and a device 3 for raising and lowering it. The shield 2 includes steel corners vertical 4 and horizontal 5; steel stiffeners vertical 6 and horizontal 7; non-metal channel-shaped web 8 with a bottom channel-shaped end 9 and with lateral rectangular ends 10 (Figure 2) of its vertical shelves.

The channel-shaped web 8 is attached to the shield frame 2 using horizontal strips 11, bent vertical corners 12 and bolt fasteners 13. The required strength of the channel-shaped cloth 8 is provided by supporting it on stiffeners 6 and 7 of the shield frame 2.

The proposed shutter works as follows.

To block the watercourse, shield 2 is lowered to the bottom of the watercourse using device 3. Under the influence of weight, shield 2 is pressed with its non-metallic channel-shaped end 9 to the bottom of the watercourse, ensuring the shutter is tight at its bottom end. Under the action of the overlapping liquid, the shield 2 is pressed by the side non-metallic ends 10 to the shelves of the channels of the embedded frame 1, ensuring the shutter is tight along the vertical side joints.

In the proposed shutter non-metallic web 8 is not able to independently absorb the acting loads, therefore, stiffeners 6 and 7, on which the blade 8 rests, are selected with sufficient rigidity. As an example, an approximate calculation of the width of the horizontal stiffening rib and the thickness of the rubber sheet of the shutter shield for the object "Sewerage of residential buildings in the village of Nekrasovka, Moscow Region" is given. The rigidity of the shield with a height of 120 cm and a width of 108 cm is proposed to provide three horizontal stiffeners and two vertical. The width a _{c of the} most loaded, lower, horizontal stiffeners and the thickness a _{n of the} web are determined by the formulas of [6]

where b _c is the distance between the horizontal ribs (30 cm);

q _wood - the specific gravity of water (10 ^-6 * 9.81 kN / cm ³ );

h _s , h _n - deepening of the lower metal rib (90 cm) and the lower design cell of the web (105 cm);

L _with , L _t - the length of the metal ribs (108 cm) and the design cell of the canvas (36 cm);

k _{with the} thickness of the metal ribs (0.5 cm, Figure 4);

R _n - the standard resistance of high-alloy steel X18H9, equal to the yield strength (21.58 kN / cm ² ) [7];

R _nn is the normative resistance of the web material equal to the tensile strength of the rubber plate ТМКЩ-Т (0.65 kN / cm ² ) [8].

From the formulas it follows that for a shutter with a shield area (120 × 108) cm ^{2, the} width a _c ≥46.3 mm, and the thickness of the rubber web a _n ≥12.4 mm. The calculation confirms the appropriateness of using the proposed shutter for sewage and water treatment plants.

The noted novelty of the design of the shutter provides an economic effect compared to the prototype in the following form. The use of one channel-shaped web of non-metallic material instead of steel sheathing and two rubber seals increases the tightness of the shutter and reduces:

- the consumption of expensive high-alloy steel type X18H9 for 61.4 kg;

- the length of the welds at 10.8 m;

- consumption of P-shaped rubber at 2.4 m.

Information sources

1. Mityugov EA Metal structures of hydraulic structures. M: "Architecture-S", 2006. - 136 p.

2. Bukhartsev V.N. Gates of hydraulic structures. L .: "LPI", 1983. - 80 p.

3. Otreshko A.I. Engineering constructions in irrigation and drainage construction. M .: "Selkhozizdat", 1955. - 552 p.

4. Equipment of water supply and sewer facilities./ Ed. A.S. Moskvitina. M .: Stroyizdat, 1979.- 430 p.

5. Marishkin A.K. Shutter flat surface for spillway connection. Patent for the invention, RU No. 2 363805 C1, IPC EV 2/26. Published: 08/10/2009. Bull. Number 22.

6. Zagradsky I.I. Surface shutter spillway. Textbook allowance. SPb .: Publishing house of SPbSTU, 1999.88 p.

7. Engineering materials: A quick reference / V.M. Raskatov et al. - M.: Engineering, 1980. 511 p.

8. Anuryev V.I. Handbook of a mechanical engineer: 3 tons. T1. Ed. I.N.Zhestkova. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 2001 .-- 920 p.

Claims (1)

A flat surface shutter for a spillway structure comprising a device for raising and lowering the shutter, a vertical embedded frame and a flat shield comprising a steel shield frame with vertical and horizontal stiffeners, sheathing, vertical side seals and a bottom seal, characterized in that the sheathing of the steel shield and its seals are made in the form of a one-piece channel-like web made of a material, for example rubber, the bottom horizontal seal of the shield is made in the form of the bottom end of the one-piece channel shaped canvas, and the side vertical seals of the shield - in the form of rectangular ends of its vertical shelves.

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