RU2479681C2 - Method of metallization flat materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: method of metallisation woven materials lies in melting of metal wires with electric influence, as well as in spraying of microparticles of molten metal to the plane of the material moving orthogonally to the direction of the spraying with the given speed of feeding and protected with the medium of spray distribution from the damaging effect of high temperatures. The explosive melting of the wire substance is carried out through high-voltage electric influence between the ends of the non-open wire delivered discretely to the metalliser in aqueous medium, and a cloud of ionised particles of evaporated metal is formed, and metallisation is performed by energy cumulation of thermal explosion W and electromagnetic focusing of motion trajectories of the ionised particles to the target rate of metallisation, and the rate of feeding F_n of the process material is regulated in time with a spacing frequency n_sp of electric influence, and the volume V_w of the exploded wire is changed, as well as the spraying propagation medium, the voltage U_co and the spacing frequency n_sp of electric influence formed by a bit relaxation circuit L_c-C_t, and the metallisation indices are set and controlled during metallisation according to the value of the scattering coefficient K_s of electromagnetic radiation, characterised by the formula:

where: U_co is a voltage of electric influence exploding the wire; ε_m,ε_"ш" is dielectric capacitance of the fabric material and metal particles, respectively; α is lateral dimensions of the particles; W is energy released under electric explosion of the wire, of the given volume V_w; Z_ac is acoustic impedance of the discharge circuit forming the spacing frequency n_sp of electric influence; ρ_m,χ_w,λ_f,λ_vap is density, specific electrical conductivity, heat of fusion and heat of vaporisation of the wire material in a given environment; L_c is the circuit inductance; C_t is capacity of tank of capacitors; T=t_spT_s⇔V_wK_{l emf} is the number of explosions of the wire in processing of area of fabric with volume V_fab necessary to ensure the given index of metallisation with guaranteed by experimentally proved dependence of metal amount introduced into the fabric on the volume of the exploded wire V_w taking into account for adjustment for the loss coefficient K_{l emf} at electromagnetic focusing of motion trajectories of the ionized particles; T_s is the sampling period of time of feeding the section of plane of metallised surface; d is thickness of the fabric; λ is wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum; and the value of the metallisation index K_p is set and controlled using a physical phenomenon of scattering of electromagnetic waves in the infrared range, and the voltage of electric influence Uco exploding wire with length of 40 mm and a diameter of 0.6 to 1 mm is adjusted from 2 to 4 kV with values of capacity of tank of capacitors C_t of 150 to 200 microfarad and values of the discharge circuit inductance L_c of 30 to 40 mcH, ensuring minimum loss of metal from 30% to 40% with an electromagnetic focusing of motion trajectories of the ionised particles.

EFFECT: technology is feasible in any media, including, liquids, the cloths have shielding properties, and antibacterial, antiviral, catalytic activity.

1 cl, 6 tbl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to metallization technologies of natural and synthetic fabrics, and can also be used for metallization of materials from felt, thin leather, knitted, plastic and other non-fireproof materials subject to the damaging effects of high temperatures.

Various methods for metallizing materials are widely known. Metallized fabric is used in the creation, mainly, of shielding electromagnetic radiation and fire retardant coatings and for imparting antibacterial and antiviral activity to tissues, while leather products are metallized to improve performance.

A known method of manufacturing a shielding electromagnetic radiation and flame retardant material "Nanotex" (RU 2338021, IPC D06M 11/83, 2009). According to this method, metallization is carried out by magnetron sputtering in vacuum, creating thin surface films of metal on one side of the fabric or on both sides, and material for special-purpose products is made on a loom. At the same time, with an increase in the shielding indices to a greater extent, it is not possible to produce material on a loom, and a change in the characteristics to a smaller side results in an unstable, easily shifted material structure and a loss of shielding properties.

A known method of metallization of sanitary napkins (RU 2314834, IPC A61L 15 / 18,2008). In this method, the metal is also applied to the surface of the wipes by magnetron sputtering in a vacuum chamber. However, the metal is removed from the napkin after the first wash. In addition, for the operation of the magnetron and for maintaining the vacuum, large material and energy costs are required.

Known chemical method of metallization of cellulose tissues by copper to give them fungicidal and bactericidal properties / RU 2398599, IPC А61L 15/18, 2009). According to this method, linen, cotton or cellulose hydrated fabrics are first bleached and then impregnated with copper sulfate and a solution of hydrosine sulfate initiate the reduction of micro- and copper nanoparticles in the structure of the material in strictly specified proportions. However, when organizing the production of fabric metallized in this way, the transfer of the technological cycle to other metallization modes is unacceptable due to the loss of quality of the source material, and due to the lack of the possibility of operational control and adjustment of the ongoing chemical reactions, their slight violation leads to the loss of all the source material loaded into metallizer capacities. In addition, for the preparation of the necessary chemicals, additional material and energy costs are required.

Methods of metallization are also known by introducing metal particles into the structure of matter by activating their thermal and kinetic energy. In the prototype method (article by Professor Gusev et al., Kostroma, “Study of the properties of sheepskin with a metallized surface”, Izv. VUZov // Technology of light industry, No. 2, 2008, pp. 29-32), metallization of the skin tissue is carried out by continuous electric arc melting the substance of two wires converging with a given gap, while on the outer surface of the drum-type metallizer, a sample of leather tissue is fixed, and the orthogonal is continuously fed to the center of the rotating metallizer with a given gap blown by compressed air To the outer surface of the sample, the two ends of the wire, continuously influencing them by electric arc voltage and simultaneously changing the speed of the metallizer, the wire feed speed, the pressure of compressed air, the gap between the wires, the electric arc voltage, and other parameters, are metallized by a spray containing drops of molten metal, samples of leather tissue with different densities, structures and thicknesses of coatings, protecting them from the damaging effects of high temperatures by the formed air Anenia spray. The leather fabric metallized in this way has greater elasticity, better shape stability and water-repellent ability. However, this method is technically complicated and not applicable for metallization of natural and synthetic fabrics, materials from felt, thin leather, knitted, plastic and other non-fire-resistant materials due to the destructive effect of high temperatures of continuously melting wire.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to simplify the technology of introducing metal into the structure of the indicated materials, preserving their initial operational properties due to metallization in the aquatic environment and providing specified shielding indicators and sanitary and hygienic properties by continuously monitoring and controlling the metallization process according to the indicator of scattering of electromagnetic radiation by the processed material.

To achieve this technical result in the proposed method of metallization of woven materials, which consists in the melting of metal wires by electric action, as well as in the spraying of microparticles of molten metal onto the plane of the material moving orthogonally to the direction of the spray with a given feed rate and protected by the distribution medium of the spray from the damaging effects of high temperatures, produce explosive melting of the substance of the wire due to high-voltage electrical action between the end mi open circuit, discretely fed into the metallizer in an aqueous medium, and form a cloud of ionized particles of the evaporated metal, and metallization is carried out by cumulation of the energy of the thermal explosion W and electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of the ionized particles to a given metallization rate, and the feed rate F _{p of the} processed material is regulated to a beat with a repetition rate of n _{sl of} electric _actions , and also change the volume _{Vp of the exploding} wire, the distribution medium of the spray, the voltage U _co and the repetition rate n _{SL of} electrical _effects generated by the relaxation relaxation circuit L _to -C _b , while the metallization indices are set and monitored during metallization by the value of the scattering coefficient K _{p of} electromagnetic radiation, characterized by the formula:

where U _co is the voltage of the electric impact that explodes the wire;

ε _m , ε _W - dielectric constant of the fabric material and spherical metal particles, respectively; α — transverse particle sizes; W is the energy released during electric explosion of a wire of a given volume V _p ;

Z _B is the wave impedance of the discharge circuit, forming the repetition rate n _{SL of} electrical effects; ρ _m , χ _p , λ _PL , λ _isp - density, electrical conductivity, heat of fusion and heat of vaporization of the wire material in a given medium; L _to - circuit inductance; C _b - capacitance of the capacitor bank; N = n _{d cl} T ⇔V _{prosp EMF} K _n - number of explosions when handling a wire portion of tissue volume V _tc, required to provide a given index metallization guaranteed experimentally substantiated amount of metal-dependent insertion into the tissue of the volume V exploding wire _prosp amended the loss coefficient K _{p emph} with electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of motion of ionized particles; T _d - the sampling period of the feed time of the plot metallized fabric; d is the thickness of the fabric; λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum; wherein the value of the metallization index K _{p is} set and controlled using the physical phenomenon of scattering of electromagnetic waves in the infrared range, and the electrical voltage U _co blasting a wire 40 mm long, with a diameter of 0.6 to 1 mm, is regulated in the range from 2 to 4 kilovolts at values of capacitance C _{b of a} capacitor bank from 150 to 200 μF and values of the inductance of the discharge circuit L _k from 30 to 40 μH, providing minimal metal loss from 30% to 40% with electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of the ionized parts c.

Introduction to the proposed method of operation of thermal electric explosion of wires in conjunction with the proposed actions for its practical use allows you to get new properties of the metallization technological cycle and solve the problems due to:

1) control the energy activity of metal particles embedded in the processed material;

2) expanding the range of dimensionality of embedded particles from micro- to nanometers due to the instantaneous evaporation of the metal and the creation of controlled trajectories of ionized particles.

3) reduction of electromechanical adjustment operations to two, namely: step-by-step wire feed after a thermal explosion and step-by-step flow of material into the particle spray zone, which is especially important when using digital program control of the metallization technological cycle;

4) the ability to control the total mass of the metal performing the metallization process, by changing the volume of the exploding wire, as well as by changing the energy of cumulation of particles as a result of variations in the energy and frequency of electrical effects;

5) the ability to optimize the metallization process in terms of energy consumption and loss of source material through the use of electricity in pulsed modes and continuous monitoring of the metallization of the processed material;

6) the ability to carry out electrical explosions of wires in any medium, including liquids, which is especially important when metallizing natural and synthetic fabrics to automatically control the thermal regime that does not burn through the fabric;

7) the high bactericidal effect of the metallization process due to the intense death of the bacterial and viral flora under the influence of ultrasonic and ultraviolet radiation from an electric discharge plasma, which is especially important when creating wound coverings and sanitary tissue.

These properties make it possible to uniformly metallize various materials, mainly natural and synthetic tissues, and use these fabrics to scatter electromagnetic radiation and to impart antibacterial, antiviral and catalytic activity to materials used in the manufacture of wound coatings, in the treatment of electrophoresis, as well as in the manufacture of sanitary and hygiene products , in particular socks, stockings, handkerchiefs, insoles for shoes and other products, and the proposed in the method sequence of those ologicheskih operations allows to obtain a technical result, which is directed at achieving the claimed invention, and meets the criterion of significant differences from the prototype method.

The claimed method can be implemented on the basis of the results of an experimental verification of the technical feasibility of the operations of the proposed metallization cycle and a practical assessment of the achieved indicators.

To conduct experimental tests of the proposed metallization method, a model of a metallized textile fabric for protection against electromagnetic radiation was theoretically substantiated, using the principle of scattering of electromagnetic waves in the form of a single-layer or multilayer bicomplex medium in which scattering occurs on conductive metal particles located in its volume at many distances large linear particle size. In relation to this medium, with the expectation that the volume of metal particles that penetrated into the volume of the sheet after the explosion of the wire cannot be greater than the volume of the wire, the scattering coefficient K _{p is} calculated:

where λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum; ε _m , ε _W - dielectric constant of the fabric material and metal spherical particles, respectively; α — transverse particle sizes; V _p - the volume of the _exploding wire; N is the number of wire explosions during web processing; d is the thickness of the fabric; λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum; V _TC - the volume of metallized tissue.

The resulting formula was associated with the installation parameters and the wire material:

where U _co is the voltage of the electric impact that explodes the wire;

W is the energy of the thermal explosion of the wire; Z _B - wave impedance of the discharge circuit; ρ _m , χ _p , λ _PL , λ _isp - density, electrical conductivity, heat of fusion and heat of vaporization of the wire material, respectively; L _to - circuit inductance; With _b - the capacitance of the capacitor bank.

The number of explosions N delays in the processing of the web surface area needed to spray a given amount of metal based on the calculated ratios N T = n _{d cl} ⇔V _{prosp EMF} K _n, where n _cl - repetition frequency electrostimulation; T _d - the sampling period of the feed time of the plot of the plane of the metallized surface of the canvas; V _pp - the volume of the sprayed metal, taking into account corrections for the loss coefficient K _{p emph} with electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of ionized particles.

According to the formulas obtained, calculations and experiments were carried out. When conducting experimental studies of the proposed metallization method, natural and polyester fabrics were used, the properties of which are shown in Table 1 and 2, respectively.

Table 1 Properties of the investigated natural tissues Property metrics Tested tissue 1 sample 2 sample 3 sample cotton linen linen clap paper based by duck based by duck no basis by duck Fibers of warp and weft 100% cotton 70% cotton, 30% cotonin 100% linen 100% cotton Linear density of yarn, tex 28,2 58.2 106.5 99 30.5 thirty The coefficient of twist of yarn, cr / m 40 40 35 35 38 40 Type of weave linen Fabric thickness mm 0.48 0.53 0.36, 1.8 The surface density of the fabric, g / m ² 186 232 118 Surface filling,% 76.3 75,2 69.7 Porosity,% 74.1 64.8 78,4 Density, threads / 10 cm 227 192 153 113 230 197 Breaking load, kgf 29.1 143 80.5 64.3 36.6 36.6 The relative tensile elongation,% 5,4 5.9 18.6 16,2 17,2 17.7 Breathability, dm ³ / m ² s 350 457 733 Crush proof,% 36.3 37.8 29.8 34.8 36.3 37.8

The experiment diagram is illustrated by positions 1-12, depicted in Figure 1: 1 - starting switch; 2 - charging resistance; 3 - high voltage transformer; 4 - high voltage rectifier; 5 - working capacitor; 6 - a working spark gap, air, with an adjustable gap or an electronically controlled high-voltage switch; 7 - contact sleeve of the positive electrode; 8 - working wire; 9 - negative electrode; 10 - wire feed mechanism; 11 - metallizer insulator with a reflector; 12 is a tissue sample. Electromagnetic elements of focusing the trajectories of the movement of ionized metal particles and elements of operational control of the scattering coefficients of the processed, metallized fabric are not indicated on the diagram.

To metallize a tissue sample, close switch 1 and form a periodic relaxation process: alternating current limited by resistance 2 induces a high voltage voltage at the output of transformer 3; under the action of the constant component of this voltage at the output of the rectifier 4, the capacitance C _{b of the} capacitor 5 is charged; after reaching the predetermined value of the air gap of the spark gap 6 breakdown voltage U _co on the electric circuit 6-9 is a pulse discharge of electricity stored in the capacitor 5; wire 8, of a given volume V _pp , explodes and the wire feed mechanism 10 is triggered; a cloud of ionized particles of the evaporated metal formed, due to direct and reflected cumulation of thermal explosion energy in the metallizer 11, penetrates the tissue sample 12; during the feeding of the next end of the wire 8, the capacitor 5 is charged, and when the end of the wire 8 touches the contact sleeve of the positive electrode 7, another thermal explosion occurs, the frequency of which is set by the capacitance C _{b of the} capacitor 5, taking into account the inductance L _k brought to the output of the transformer 3.

According to the engineering calculations and during the experimental tests, it was found that the optimal copper metallization conditions for the selected fabrics are achieved at breakdown voltages U _{co of} 4 air discharger 4 from 2 to 4 kV, capacitance C _b from 150 to 200 μF and inductance L _k from 30 to 40 μH for tissue samples mounted on a metallizer immersed in water and limited by the size between the planes of the experimental metallizer 40 mm and, accordingly, a wire length of 40 mm, a diameter of 0.6 mm to 1 mm, while ensuring minimum Otero metal from 30 to 40% when electromagnetic focusing trajectories ionized particles.

When conducting studies of the properties of experimental samples of metallized fabrics, standard methods of textile material science were used. The metal content in the tissue was determined using a software-analytical complex based on the SPECTROSCAN portable X-ray fluorescence crystal diffraction scanning spectrometer. Thermogravimetric studies were performed on a MOM Q-1500D derivatograph (Hungary). Microbiological studies were carried out in a biological laboratory at the Center for Environmental Safety of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Electrical and radio measurements were carried out according to the methods recommended by specialists of the University of Telecommunications. prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich. The sizes of metal particles and the nature of their fixation in the volume of tissue material was studied using a scanning electron microscope.

The research results are summarized in tables 3-6, and are also illustrated by photographs and graphs depicted in Fig.2-6.

Figure 2 shows a photograph of an enlarged electron microscope fragment of the mechanical fastening of a metal particle in the volume of a polymer fiber, and Figure 3 is a fragment of fusion fixing in the surface of the fibers.

Table 3 Type of canvas Ref. arr. The surface density of the fabric, g / m ² The average mass fraction of copper M _Cu in the sample, mg / g (V _pr · ρ _m / V _TK · ρ _TK ) Linen fabric 2 232 12.08 Cotton Linen one 186 7.03 Lavsan (PE) four 150 3.13 Lavsan (PE) 5 175 3.65 Lavsan (PE) 6 185 4.78

Table 4 Type of fabric Ref. arr. No. metal. samples The copper content, mg / g Fabric linen (ref.) 2 one 0 Cloth linen (meth) 2 2 1.66 Cloth linen (meth) 2 3 3.38 Cloth linen (meth) 2 four 17,556 Cloth linen (meth) 2 5 23,484 Cotton fabric (ref) 3 6 0 Cotton fabric (meth) 3 7 0.98 Cotton fabric (meth) 3 8 2.73 Cotton fabric (meth) 3 9 13.67 Cotton fabric (meth) 3 10 20.84

Tables 5 The intensity of mushroom development according to GOST 9.048-89 Sample No. 5 days incubation 11 days incubation 28 days incubation one 5 5 5 2 one 5 5 3 0 2 5 four 0 one 5 5 0 one 5 6 four 5 5 7 0 2 5 8 0 one 5 9 0 one 5 10 0 one 5

Table 6 No. of sample for washing flax Mass fraction of copper in tissue, mg / g (V _pr · ρ _m / V _TK · ρ _TK ) before washing after washing 1 wash 2 wash 3 wash 4 wash 5 wash one 3.39 2.76 2,38 2,34 2,35 1.43 2 5.61 3.01 3.18 1.98 2.61 1.35 3 7.3 5.48 3.98 4.66 4.38 2.87 four 2,5 1.51 1.74 0.45 0.47 0.44 5 5.1 2,58 3.49 2.65 2.05 1,59 Average value 4.78 3.07 2.95 2.42 2,37 1,54

The graph depicted in FIG. 4 illustrates the distribution of the average mass fraction of copper M _cu in mg / g, introduced during electric explosions of wires in the volume of 1.8 mm thick cotton fabric (sample No. 3, table 1) depending on the values of the high voltage voltage U _co = 2, 3 and 4 kV.

The graph depicted in figure 5 illustrates the distribution in the frequency range of mobile radio communications of the values of the scattering coefficient of radio emissions by linen cloth with a thickness of 0.53 mm (sample No. 2, table 1), sequentially metallized by the proposed method, copper and stainless steel in the proportions of 15 mg / g and 10 mg / g, respectively.

The graph depicted in Fig.6 illustrates the dependence of the scattering coefficients of studies in the long wavelength part of the infrared range on the weight (in mg) of the volume of copper mass introduced into the structure of 1 g. flaxen linen with a thickness of 0.53 mm (sample No. 2, table 1) due to variations in the values of capacitance C _b and high voltage voltage U _co .

Table 3 illustrates the possibility of metallization of the proposed method of natural and artificial fabrics, indicated in tables 1 and 2 without loss of their original properties.

Table 4 presents samples of copper-plated textile fabrics examined for mushroom resistance.

Table 5 shows the results of tests of the intensity of fungal development on the surface of metallized tissues.

Table 6 characterizes the change in the copper content during repeated washing of the obtained samples of metallized fabrics.

The analysis of experimental results established:

- The nature of the fixing of particles in the volume of fabric metallized by the proposed method is determined by their temperature at the time of collision with the fabric. If at the time of the collision the metal particle had cooled and its temperature was lower than the melting temperature of the polymer, then it gets stuck in the volume of the polymer fabric, as well as in the volume of natural fabric, purely mechanically (Figure 2). If the temperature is higher than the melting point, then it is fused into the surface of the fibers of the polymer fabric (Figure 3). In natural fabric, hotter, but non-burning fiber particles get stuck deeper in its volume. It is optimal to regulate this process by placing the metallizer in water, which is not feasible in the metallization method by the electric arc method. In addition, it is possible to change the nature of the distribution of metal particles in the thickness of the fabric, depending on the power of the electric impact on the exploding wire (Figure 4). In industrial implementation, this process is automated through the use of high-voltage switches of a new generation - dinistors.

- A study of the shielding properties of metallized paintings and the possibilities of their operational control and regulation in the metallization process yielded positive results (Figure 5, 6).

- Studies of samples of metallized canvases on resistance to the effects of mold mycelium fungi gave positive results (samples No. 3-5 and No. 8-10, table 5).

- The results of changes in the copper content in fabric samples metallized in an aqueous medium after repeated washing showed that about 35% of copper is washed out after the first wash (Table 6). Then, after the next washings, copper is practically not washed out, and after the fifth wash, copper losses increase again (up to 35%). After the first washing, those particles that are loosely fixed come out of the fabric, and after the fifth washing, the washing solution penetrates the boundaries between the particle and the fiber of the fabric and gradually destroys their bond, thereby stimulating copper loss during repeated washing. In order to increase the strength of particle fixation in the natural and synthetic fabrics metallized by the proposed method, it is necessary to introduce nanosized ionized metal particles formed as a result of thermal electric explosion of wires directly into the molecular structure of the tissue fiber substance and focus their trajectory.

- Metal wires: Pb-Zn-Sn-Al-NiCr-Cu-Fe-Ni when conducting experiments on the assembled installation showed its performance in the same calculated ranges of U _co , L _k , C _b .

- Performance indicators of the properties of the source tissue after metallization of the proposed method does not deteriorate.

Experimental tests have confirmed the viability of the proposed method for the practical use of the achieved technical result in various sectors of the textile industry.

A comparative analysis of the proposed method with identified analogues of the prior art showed that it is unknown and clearly should not be for specialists in those industries that use metallized natural and synthetic fabrics, felt, leather, knitted, plastic and other materials, and the developed technological cycle of the proposed method of metallization of materials can be industrially implemented in an automated installation without the use of complex mechanical devices, that is, we can conclude The appropriate method patentability criteria.

Claims (1)

The method of metallization of woven materials, which consists in the melting of metal wires by electric action, as well as in the spraying of microparticles of molten metal onto the plane of a material moving orthogonally to the spray direction with a given feed rate and protected by the spray propagation medium from the damaging effects of high temperatures, characterized in that they produce explosive melting substances of the wire due to high-voltage electrical action between the ends of the open wire, discretely which are deposited into the metallizer in an aqueous medium, and form a cloud of ionized particles of the evaporated metal, and metallization is carried out by cumulating the energy of the thermal explosion W and electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of the ionized particles to a given metallization rate, and the feed rate F _{p of the} processed material is regulated in tact with a repetition rate electroinfluence n _cl, and the volume change V _ave blasting delays, the propagation medium spray voltage U _co repetition frequency and n _cl elektrovozdeys Vij generated bit relaxation -C loop L _{to b,} the plating parameters set and controlled in the process of metallization of the scattering coefficient value K _p of electromagnetic radiation, characterized by the formula:

where U _co is the voltage of the electric impact that explodes the wire; ε _m , ε _W - dielectric constant of the web material and metal particles, respectively; a - transverse particle sizes; W is the energy released during electric explosion of a wire of a given volume V _CR ; Z _in - wave impedance of the discharge circuit, forming a repetition rate n _{SL of} electrical effects; ρ _m , χ _p , λ _PL , λ _isp - density, electrical conductivity, heat of fusion and heat of vaporization of the wire material in a given medium; L _to - circuit inductance; C _b - capacitance of the capacitor bank; N = n _{d cl} T ⇔V _etc. By _{EMF n} - number of explosions when handling a wire portion of tissue volume V _tc, required to provide a given index metallization guaranteed experimentally substantiated amount of metal-dependent insertion into the tissue of the volume V exploding wire _prosp amended the loss coefficient K _{p emph} with electromagnetic focusing of the trajectories of motion of ionized particles; T _d - the sampling period of the feed time of the plot plane of the metallized surface; d is the thickness of the fabric; λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum; the value of the metallization index K _{p is} set and controlled using the physical phenomenon of electromagnetic wave scattering in the infrared range, and the electrical voltage U _co blasting a wire 40 mm long, with a diameter of 0.6 to 1 mm, is regulated in the range from 2 to 4 kV at values of capacitance C _b of the capacitor bank 150 to 200 microfarads and discharge circuit inductance values L _to from 30 to 40 microhenries, while ensuring the minimum metal loss from 30% to 40% when electromagnetic focusing trajectories ionized hour eggs.

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