RU2477443C1 - Cassette-type warheads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cassette-type warheads for projectiles, mines, bombs and ground-based or airborne rockets. Proposed warhead comprises body, perforated collector with explosive propellant charge with axial elongated charge and hitting elements arranged around said collector between spacer flanges. Powder generator separated from propellant charge by indestructible web is arranged in said collector of warhead front end side. Hollow spacer flanges are filled with damping material. Collector outer surface is furnished with thin-wall membranes to be destructed in propellant charge actuated. Outer surface of hitting elements arranged as separate assemblies accommodates retaining tapes with elastic tensioners and uncouplers. Said uncouplers are jointed with said body. Elastic shells are arranged between hitting elements and collector and between adjacent hitting elements.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used in ammunition, mainly in cluster shells, mines, bombs and warheads of ground and air-based missiles.

A technical solution is known according to US patent No. 4231293 of 11.26.77, according to which a system for ejecting ammunition from a compact cylindrical container made of brittle material is protected, inside of which an axial bearing rod and a plurality of cylindrical ammunition resting around each other mounted around the carrier are installed stock. In the intervals between ammunition, around the carrying rod, explosive charges are located.

A technical solution is known according to the application of Germany No. 2664503 of 04/27/89, according to which a device is protected for ejecting on the trajectory of containers in the radial direction relative to the container carrier, having a detonating charge with its sealing means, located along the device axis along the entire length of the container set, the containers being connected with sealing means by means of holding devices.

The aforementioned technical solutions do not provide for the regulation of the radial dispersion of submunitions (ejection at different speeds), which does not allow them to disperse uniformly over a given area with optimal density to ensure maximum combat effectiveness of the cartridge carrier

The known design of a one-time bomb cartridge according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2287770 dated 04.07.05, patent holder of the FSUE GNPP “Basalt”. The bomb cluster includes a head with a fuse, a body, a central perforated collector (pipe) with flanges, between which around the collector there are rows of combat elements resting on flanges, elastic metal shells profiled along adjacent surfaces of the combat elements and peripheral pipes, and a single a gas-dynamic system for unpacking a cartridge, engaging fuses of combat elements and their dispersion, while a single gas-dynamic system includes a gas generator. The latter technical solution does not have sufficient reliability when using BE with a liquid or gel-like filler; it is difficult to assemble and manufacture.

Known design of a cluster warhead (CBC) according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2227893 from 04/27/2004, containing a housing, combat elements, propellant powder charge located inside the perforated collector along the axis of the housing. The total area of perforation holes in the collector under each row of combat elements is proportional to the square of the ejection speed of the combat elements of this series, while on the outer surface of the collector there are intermediate flanges between the rows of combat elements, and each hole of the collector is equipped with a sleeve with a beveled end protruding inside the collector.

The indicated design of the CBF in terms of technical nature, the number of matching features and the achieved result is the closest analogue and adopted as a prototype.

The specified technical solution does not provide a safe emission of EBs having a thin-walled body and low-strength filling, with the speeds necessary for dispersion of the EBs over a given area. In addition, for uniform distribution of BE in the dispersion zone, part of the BE must be thrown away at low speeds. At the same time, during the implementation of safe throwing of the BE at low speed, the creation of the pressure and temperature of the explosion-detonating products of the TsRZ explosion, which makes the BE inoperative, necessary for cocking fuses

Common features of the prototype and the proposed cluster warhead are the presence of a perforated collector with a powder propellant charge placed in it and an axial detonating elongated charge, the presence of combat elements located around the collector between the intermediate flanges.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution are:

- a powder gas generator located in the collector from the front end of the cluster warhead and separated from the propellant charge by an indestructible partition;

- hollow intermediate flanges filled with damping material;

- the presence on the outer surface of the collector of thin-walled membranes that are destroyed when the propellant is triggered;

- the presence on the outer surface of the combat elements installed in the form of separate assemblies, retaining bands with elastic elements for their tension and their undocking units, mechanically connected to the body;

- a housing equipped with a system of detonating elongated charges;

- the presence between the collector and combat elements, as well as between adjacent combat elements of flexible shells;

- flexible shells are made in the form of closed tapes with a width from 0.95 to 0.5 of the BE length and from 0.8 to 3 of the circumference passing through the geometric centers of the BE in contact with the flexible shells;

- the undocking unit of the bandage is made in the form of a lock of two plates, separately connected to adjacent bands of the bandage, and the plates have coaxial holes, which include a mushroom-shaped locking pin. The head of the pin is placed in the cavity of the box grip mounted on the housing;

- the elastic element of the bandage is made in the form of a strip of spring steel located between the links of the bandage band;

- the powder gas generator is made in the form of a thin-walled body filled with smoky gun powder;

- the assembly of combat elements is performed double-row along the radius of the cluster warhead, and the number of elements of the outer row is twice as many as the number of elements of the inner row, while the rows are separated by curly inserts that mesh with the elements.

The listed set of features allows us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the set of essential features of the proposed solution and the achieved technical result.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is:

- in ensuring the safe release of BEs having a thin-walled body and liquid (pasty) filling, through the use of flexible shells;

- to increase the reliability of operation of the warhead by guaranteeing the arming of fuses BE, through the use of a two-stage process of throwing BE;

- to increase the efficiency of the CBF by ensuring the regulation of BE emission rates, through the use of flexible shells of certain lengths.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed technical solution:

- BEs are placed around the collector in the form of separate assemblies;

- in the CBC between the collector and each of the BE assemblies flexible shells are placed echelons;

- flexible shells are made in the form of closed tapes with a width from 0.95 to 0.5 of the BE length, with a perimeter length of 0.8 to 3 circumference passing through the geometric centers of the combat elements in contact with the shell, and the flexible shell itself evenly located both between the collector and the BE, and between adjacent in the circumference of the BE;

- the collector holes are closed with thin-walled membranes, which exclude the access of powder gases from the gas generator into the collector and collapse when the powder propellant is triggered;

- intermediate flanges are made hollow and filled with damping material;

- an autopsy system based on detonating elongated charges (DPS) is made of two autonomous parts that are functionally interconnected through an air gap by a detonation transfer unit;

- retaining tape fastening BE connected in a closed assembly, contain an elastic element and a undocking unit of the retaining tape, mechanically connected to the body of the warhead by gripping;

- a box-shaped gripper is installed on the case, and the bandage tape undocking unit is made in the form of a lock with a mushroom-shaped locking pin, the head of which is placed in the box-shaped cavity, and the other end of the pin is placed in the lock;

- the gas generator is made in the form of a thin-walled case filled with smoky gunpowder, located inside the collector from the front end of the warhead and is separated from the main part of the collector by an indestructible partition.

Distinctive features in a stable relationship of the totality of essential features allowed:

- implement a safe discharge of BE equipped with a thin-walled body and low strength (liquid or pasty) filling;

- to increase the reliability of operation of the warhead by guaranteeing the cocking of BE fuses, due to the two-stage process of throwing the BE and, accordingly, increasing the exposure time of cocking factors;

- increase the efficiency of the CBF by optimizing the distribution of BE emission rates.

According to the analysis of the prior art, no analogues having signs similar to the claimed solution were found. Therefore, we can assume that the claimed KBC is new and has a sufficient inventive step. Each of the above essential features is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve the novelty of the quality of the new effect, which is not inherent in the signs of their disunity.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a CBF with a four-row stacking of BE, in Fig. 2 is a communication diagram of a gripper, locking pin and retaining tape, in Fig. 3 is a transverse section of a CBF in the middle section.

The CBF contains a housing 1, a non-destructible collector 2, mounted along the CBF axis. Inside the collector there is a powder gas generator 3 with an axial DUZ 4 and a container 5 with a propellant powder charge 6. On the axis of the container 5 there is an axial DUZ 7. Around the collector are the BE assemblies 8. The protective part 9 is put on the nose part of the BE (on fuses), the forming surfaces of which are made openings providing access of the powder gases to the fuses. Between the BE assemblies along the length of the BCF, hollow intermediate flanges 10 are placed on the outer surface of the collector, filled with damping material 11. On the side surface of the collector, holes A are made, closed by thin-walled membranes made in the form of fiberglass tape 12, which protects the inner cavity of the collector from penetration of powder gases when actuation of the gas generator. BEs are fixed on the collector by a bandage tape 13, which consists of two or more links connected by a lock 14. The lock consists of two plates with holes, into which a mushroom-shaped locking pin 15 is inserted, which engages with a box-shaped gripper 16 fixed to the warhead housing.

On the inner surface of the shell there is an autopsy system based on DPS, consisting of annular 17, 18, 19 and 20 longitudinal links. Between the BE there is a closed flexible shell 21, uniformly covering all BE in each installation. KBCH is used from the munition fuse, which provides sequential actuation of the axial remote sensing device 4, gas generator 3 and then with a predetermined delay PIM 22. The output charge of the PIM detonation associated with the axial remote sensing device 7 and, through the initiation system 23, - with the remote sensing system of the opening system 19, 20 18, 17. Indestructible partition 24 is located in the collector from the front end between the powder gas generator 3 and propellant powder charge 6.

KBC works as follows. At a given point in the flight path of the carrier from the munition fuse, an axial DPS 4 is used in the powder charge of the gas generator 3, the combustion products of which increase the pressure and temperature in the KBP compartment. After 10 ... 100 ms, PIM 22 is activated, which simultaneously undermines the axial DUZ 7 and DUZ in the case opening system. An autopsy system cuts the circumference of the housing of the casing gearbox in the longitudinal and circumferential directions. Under the action of the products of combustion of gunpowder in the gas generator and in the propellant propellant charge flowing through the openings “A” of the collector 2, and through the gaps between the BEs, fragments of the housing 1 acquire a radial velocity. When moving fragments of the body, the mushroom-shaped locking pins 15 connected to the body through box-shaped grips 16 disengage in the locks 14 with the retaining tape 13, thereby disconnecting them into links. Having freed themselves from the retaining tape, BE 8 acquire radial velocities, the value of which is determined by the pressure in the manifold, the total area of the holes in the manifold under the element, the length of the flexible shell 21, the total area of the outflow of powder gases in the gaps between the BE and the intermediate flanges, the BE installation radius and other factors . Calculation of element throwing speeds in order to optimize the distribution of velocities over ejection levels is the subject of the internal ballistics task and is performed when designing a specific CBF in accordance with the tasks to ensure BE dispersion over a given area.

Simultaneously with the BE throwing, the products of combustion of the propellant propellant charge flowing out of the collector penetrate through the gaps between the BEs into the superelemental region of the CBF and contribute to opening the compartment body. The initial pressure created by the gas generator in conjunction with the pressure and temperature of the gases of the propellant propellant charge determines the reliable arming of the pyrotechnic components of the BE fuses under all known conditions for the use of CBF. Moreover, the presence of thin-walled membranes outside the collector, covering the holes in it, prevents the penetration of powder gases into the collector and prevents damage to the propellant charge at the stage of pre-charging. When the powder propellant is triggered by the pressure of the powder gases, the membranes are destroyed.

The implementation of the intermediate flanges hollow with filling the cavity with damping material allows minimizing the interaction forces between BE and these flanges: with point contacts of BE with thin walls of intermediate flanges, the latter are easily deformed without damage to the BE, while the strength of the damping material (for example, foam) is sufficient to ensure dynamic stability differential pressure flanges in adjacent stacking levels.

Using the proposed technical solution allows you to implement a safe emission of low-strength BE and to ensure uniform dispersion of BE on the ground, thereby ensuring the specified efficiency of the CBF.

Positive results of full-scale static and dynamic tests of the product, developed according to the described scheme, confirmed the operability and reliability of the proposed device.

Claims (6)

1. Cassette warhead containing a housing, a perforated manifold with a propellant propellant charge placed in it with an axial detonating elongated charge, warheads located around the collector between the intermediate flanges, characterized in that the powder generator is placed in the collector from the front end face of the warhead, separated from the propellant charge by an indestructible partition, while the hollow intermediate flanges are filled with damping material, and the outer surface of the collector is provided with thin-walled with membranes that are destroyed when the propellant is triggered, while on the outer surface of the combat elements installed as separate assemblies, bandage tapes with elastic elements for tensioning them and undocking units mechanically connected to the housing equipped with a system of detonating elongated charges are placed, and between flexible collectors are placed between the collector and combat elements, as well as between adjacent combat elements. 2. KBCH according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible shells are made in the form of closed tapes with a length of 0.8 to 3 circumference passing through the geometric centers of the combat elements in contact with the flexible shells and a width of 0.95 to 0.5 length of combat elements. 3. KBCH according to claim 1, characterized in that the undocking unit of the bandage is made in the form of a lock of two plates, separately connected to adjacent links of the bandage, and the plates have coaxial holes that include a mushroom-shaped locking pin, the head of which is placed in the box-shaped cavity mounted on the case. 4. CBCH according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element of the bandage is made in the form of a strip of spring steel located between the links of the bandage band. 5. CBF according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder gas generator is made in the form of a thin-walled body filled with smoky gun powder. 6. CBF according to claim 1, characterized in that in one of the assemblies the elements are arranged in two rows along the radius of the CBF, while the number of elements of the outer row is twice as many as the number of elements of the inner row, and the elements of the inner and outer rows are separated by curly inserts, meshing with elements.

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