RU2474946C2 - Dc electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: active parts of working windings are arranged outside a stator magnetic conductor in a working gap between a stator and a rotor, and working windings are sectioned and arranged symmetrically relative to an excitation winding, for passive stator winding parts they use magnetic shunting, therefore they are eliminated from the process preventing energy generation. To eliminate saturation of the stator magnetic conductor, it is segmented in the longitudinal direction of the electric machine. Using the matched serial connection of active parts of the stator winding by means of passive parts made it possible to develop a DC electric machine, capable of operation in electric DC circuits of high voltage. Using the matched parallel connection of active parts of an anchor winding by means of passive parts makes it possible to increase current load of an electric machine at low level of working winding voltage. Magnetic shunting of passive parts and sectioning of active parts of the anchor winding make it possible to develop a simple, efficient and having better weight and dimension characteristics, universal electric DC machine, capable of operation in electric DC circuits of practically any level of voltage.

EFFECT: provision of electric machine operation in electric DC circuits of both low and high voltage, higher efficiency of operation and simplified design of an electric DC machine, higher index of capacity per weight unit.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The proposal relates to electric DC machines and can be used as a generator or electric DC motor in DC systems of both low and high voltage.

The known design of a unipolar electric DC machine [IPC Н02К 31/00, patent SU, Application: 4936467/07, 05.17.1991, Sidorov O.P., Unipolar electric machine] containing a frame, shields, hollow cylindrical rotor, collector and excitation system. The disadvantage of this device is the low voltage of the rotor winding of an electric machine and, as a consequence, the limitation of its installed power by the switching ability of the current collector device.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a device of an electric machine selected as a prototype [IPC Н02К 31/02, patent RU, Application: 2008126707/09, 06/30/2008, Uppe D.V. Unipolar brushless machine] containing a rotor, a stator, an excitation winding and a working winding, which consists of active and passive parts located in the stator body. The technical result of this design ensures the operation of the machine in high voltage DC systems. The disadvantages of this device are: low efficiency of the machine, since the active part of the winding is located in the body of the stator magnetic circuit, which carries out magnetic shunting of most of the stator working flow; saturation of the stator magnetic circuit with currents of the working winding. When creating such an electric machine of high power, there will be problems and constructive nature associated with the transmission of large torque.

The proposed design of an electric DC machine allows you to work in DC networks of both low and high voltage, increase the efficiency of the device, eliminate the possibility of saturation of the stator magnetic circuit, simplify the design of the current-transmitting device.

The described advantages are achieved in that the active parts of the working windings are located outside the stator magnetic circuit in the working gap between the stator and the rotor and can be connected by the passive parts in parallel or in series, and the working windings are partitioned and arranged symmetrically with respect to the field winding. To exclude saturation of the stator magnetic circuit, it is segmented in the longitudinal direction of the electric machine.

The DC electric machine, the design of which is shown in Fig. 1, consists of a housing 1, a stator magnetic circuit 2 with two winding sections 3 and 4, a rotor magnetic circuit 5 with an excitation winding 6 mounted on the shaft 7 of the machine and a brush assembly with brushes 8 and current collectors rings 9. The stator winding is symmetrically partitioned relative to the center of the cross section of the machine shown in figure 2, and contains the active part of the winding 3, 4 and passive parts 10, 11, 12, 13 of the stator winding. Moreover, the active parts 3, 4 through the conclusions of the passive parts of the stator winding 10, 11, 12, 13 can be connected by external passive parts outside the stator magnetic circuit both in series and in parallel. Such sectioning makes it possible to use advantageously the flow of one rotor field winding to convert one type of energy to another in both sections of the stator winding.

The cross section of the machine, explaining the principles of operation, as well as the interaction of the stator windings and the rotor are presented in figure 3. The active parts of the winding section 3 are located along the longitudinal section of the machine along the inner perimeter of the stator magnetic circuit and protrude from its segments 2, the passive parts of the winding 12 pass between the segments of the stator magnetic circuit, and there is an air gap 14 between the passive parts of the windings 12 and the magnetic circuit, which provides high magnetic resistance . Such a constructive solution made it possible to realize magnetic shunting and the exclusion of the passive parts of the winding from the process of interaction with the field winding. Serial consistent connection of the active parts of the armature windings with additional passive parts of the winding allows you to use this DC machine in DC systems of almost any voltage level without the use of additional conversion of electrical energy. Parallel coordinated connection of the active parts of the armature windings with additional passive parts of the winding allows you to increase the current load of the electric machine at a low voltage level.

The advantages of this electric machine are:

- high specific power indicator per unit mass;

- high efficiency;

- simplicity of design and high manufacturability;

- high operational reliability.

Thus, the proposed electric machine can significantly simplify the design, increase efficiency and reliability, summarize the voltages of the active parts of the stator winding due to magnetic shunting of the passive parts of the stator winding and, as a result, the ability to operate such an electric DC machine in low and high voltage.

Claims (2)

1. An electric DC machine containing a stator with a magnetic circuit and working windings, consisting of active parts that can be connected in series or parallel to passive parts, a rotor with a magnetic circuit and an excitation winding, wound in diameter in the groove of the magnetic circuit located in the middle of the machine’s cross section and ring contacts with a brush apparatus, characterized in that the active parts of the working stator windings are located outside the stator magnetic circuit in the gap between the stator and the rotor, and the working stator windings are partitioned and arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotor field winding. 2. The electric DC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator magnetic circuit is segmented in the longitudinal direction of the electric machine.

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