RU2474644C1 - Anchored thin wall - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: wall comprises a face wall, elements of which are partially submerged into a base soil, and anchor traction rods arranged in a soil fill, every of which is arranged in the form of a flexible tape. Each flexible tape is made of a polymer material and comprises steel wires pulled along the flexible tape from its one end to the other, and the surface of the flexible tape at its both sides is structured with transverse ribs made of polymer, which increase intensity of soil and flexible tape interaction. Each flexible tape is connected to the face wall at its rear side by means of coverage of a cylindrical element on the face wall to form one or two free ends of the flexible tape, every of which with selected weakness is jammed in the stable part of the soil fill. The surface of the steel wire may be structured by irregularities.

EFFECT: reduced volumes of works in manufacturing of anchor traction rods, increased reinforcing effect at soil, which reduces pressure of soil fill at a face wall.

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Description

The invention relates primarily to hydraulic engineering and can be used in the construction of berths and retaining walls on soils that allow partial immersion of wall-forming elements in them, as well as in the construction of retaining walls in industrial and civil engineering.

A non-anchored thin stack with a lower end immersed in the base soil works according to the cantilever beam scheme. The free height of such a wall is usually no more than 3-4 m, and only when using complex unloading and shielding devices and steel elements with a large moment of resistance can the free height of the unancanized wall be brought up to 4.5-8 m (Yakovlev P.I., Tyurin A .P., Fortuchenko Yu.A. Port hydraulic structures: Textbook for secondary special educational institution - Moscow: Transport, 1989. P.152-161).

An anchored thin wall is also known there, including a front wall, the elements of which are partially immersed in the base soil, and anchor rods located in the soil backfill, each of which is made of metal and is attached to the front wall by one end with an anchor belt and the anchor plate by the other end pinched in the stable part of the backfill.

The disadvantages of such a known anchored wall are as follows:

- the attachment points of the anchor rods to the anchor belt and the anchor plate, as well as the presence of couplings on the rods, prevent the use of anchor rods from high strength steels, which leads to high metal consumption of the anchor rods;

- the implementation of anchor plates and the attachment of anchor rods to them complicates the work and increases their volume;

- anchor rods must be provided with a corrosion-resistant coating;

- anchor rods along the entire length are loaded almost uniformly, which, when calculated, causes a high tensile value in them;

- anchor rods practically do not produce a reinforcing effect on the soil and thereby do not reduce the pressure of the soil backfill on the front wall.

These shortcomings increase the expenditure of funds for the construction of a known wall.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to save the funds necessary for the construction of an anchored thin wall. The technical result consists in saving metal and other materials and in simplifying the work and reducing their volumes when performing anchor rods, as well as in reinforcing with anchor rods of the soil backfill, which reduces the pressure of the soil backfill on the front wall.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the anchored thin wall has a front wall, the elements of which are partially immersed in the base soil, and anchor rods located in the soil backfill, each of which is made in the form of a flexible tape. The flexible tape is made of a polymeric material and contains steel wires stretched along the flexible tape from one end to the other, and the surface of the flexible tape on both sides is structured by transverse ribs made of polymer, which increase the intensity of interaction between the soil and the flexible tape. A flexible tape is attached to the front wall from its rear side by enclosing a cylindrical element on the front wall with the formation of one or two free ends with a flexible tape, each of which is clamped in a stable part of the soil backfill with a choice of slack.

Additionally:

- the surface of the steel wire is structured by irregularities;

- opposite each transverse rib on one side of the flexible tape is a transverse rib on the other side of the flexible tape;

- between the surface of the cylindrical element and the flexible tape enclosing it, there is a strip gasket, which is made mainly of rubberized cord fabric and accompanies the double flexible tape after covering beyond the plate compression located at least three diameters from the cylindrical element;

- soil backfill below anchor flexible tapes is reinforced with freely located flexible tapes;

- the front wall is made of a series of metal tongues partially immersed in the base of the foundation, while on the back of the front wall a metal pipe is attached to the metal tongues, which is horizontal and forms an anchor-distribution belt with a cylindrical flexible connection surface on the front wall;

- the front wall is made of wooden bars, horizontally arranged in the grooves of the guiding metal I-beams, partially immersed vertically in the ground of the base, while on the back of the front wall, a horizontal cylindrical element is attached to each metal I-beam with the possibility of vertical movement together with a flexible tape enclosing it;

- the cylindrical element is equipped with two hooks with which it hooks on its rear shelf from different sides of the wall of the I-beam with the possibility of vertical movement together with a flexible tape.

It is the replacement in the known thin wall of metal anchor rods and their anchor plates with polymer flexible tapes that contain steel wires, and their free ends without anchor plates are pinched in a stable part of the backfill, which ensures the achievement of the previously indicated technical result.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 - anchored thin wall with a front wall of a series of metal dowels partially immersed in the ground, a cross section;

- figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1, a horizontal section;

- figure 3 is a transverse section of a flexible tape;

- figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a flexible tape;

- figure 5 is a section bB in figure 1, the site of attachment of a metal pipe forming an anchor distribution belt to metal dowels;

- figure 6 is a section CC of figure 1, the node connecting the flexible tape to a metal pipe;

- Fig.7 is a section DD in Fig.1, the jamming unit of the flexible tape in the stable part of the soil backfill;

- in Fig. 8, an anchored thin wall with a front wall made of wooden beams horizontally arranged in grooves of metal I-beams, partially immersed in the ground of the base, cross section;

- figure 9 is a section II in figure 8.

Example 1. An anchored thin wall of the embankment (berth) has a front wall 1 made of a number of metal tongues 3 partially immersed in the base soil 2, and anchor rods 5 located in the soil backfill 4 (Fig. 1). Each anchor rod 5 is made in the form of a flexible tape 6 (figure 2), and each flexible tape 6 is made of a polymer material and contains steel wires 7 (figure 3), elongated along the flexible tape 6 from one end to the other. The surface of the steel wire 7 is structured by irregularities that can be created by mechanical corrugation or laser. The surface of the flexible tape 6 on both its sides is structured by transverse ribs 8 made of polymer, while opposite each transverse rib 8 on one side of the flexible tape 6 there is a transverse rib 8 on the other side of the flexible tape 6 (Fig. 4).

Each flexible tape 6 is attached to the front wall 1 on its back by covering the metal pipe 9 with the formation of flexible tape 6 two free ends 10 and 11 (Fig.1 and 2). This pipe 9 is located horizontally on the back of the front wall 1, attached to metal dowels 3 and forms an anchor-distribution belt of the front wall 1. The attachment unit includes a bent U-shaped element 12, nuts 13, washers 14 and leveling pads 15 and 16 ( figure 5).

Each doubled after embracing the flexible tape 6 contains a plate clamp 17 (figure 2), which is located at a distance from the metal pipe 9 of at least three diameters and consists of two plates 18, four bolts 19 with a nut and washer each and two rubber-cord gaskets 20 (Fig.6). At the same time, between the surface of the metal pipe 9 and the flexible tape 6 enclosing it, there is a strip gasket 21 made of high strength rubberized cord fabric and accompanying the double flexible tape 6 beyond 4 limits of the plate compression 17, and into the wedge-shaped cavity 22, limited by the strip gasket 20 , placed insert 23. This insert 23 is made of polymer foam with a given modulus of elasticity, for example, polystyrene foam. The need to remove from the flexible tape 6 of the transverse ribs 8 in the places of embracing the metal pipe 9 and the installation of plate compression 17 is established by the project.

Each free end 10 and 11 of the flexible tape 6, after selecting the slack by means of the lining 24 and the screws (nails) 25, is attached to the wooden anchor beam 26 located in the stable part 27 of the soil backfill 4. Thereby, the ends 10 and 11 of the flexible tape 6 are pinched in a stable part 27 of the soil backfill 4 (Fig.7).

Soil filling 4 below anchor flexible tapes 6, i.e. below the anchor rods 5, reinforced with freely spaced flexible tapes 28 (figure 1), which in a structural respect can be similar to flexible tapes 6.

The features of this proposed wall are as follows:

1. Structuring the surface of the flexible tape 6 ensures its intensive interaction with the soil backfill 4. This causes the flexible tape 6 to be pinched in the stable part of the soil backfill 4 without performing bulky anchor plates while reinforcing with flexible tapes 6 soil backfill 4. The latter, especially with additional soil reinforcement backfill 4 with freely arranged flexible tapes 28, reduces the pressure of the backfill 4 on the front wall 1, which allows to reduce the moment of resistance, therefore, Inu metal tongue 3.

2. Structuring the surface of the steel wire 7 increases the adhesion of the steel wire 7 with the polymer flexible tape 6, which increases their interaction.

3. The tape strip 21 in the node connecting the flexible tape 6 to the metal pipe 9 (Fig.6) prevents the tape 6 from overvoltage, and the steel wire 7 from exposure during local crushing of the polymer.

4. The polymeric material of the flexible tape 6 protects the steel wire 7 from corrosion.

Example 2 (Fig.8 and 9). The design features of the anchored thin wall shown in the drawings are as follows.

1. The front wall 1 is made of wooden bars 32, horizontally located in the grooves of the guiding metal I-beams 33, partially immersed vertically in the soil of the base 2. The bars 32 on the front side are sheathed with a double layer of boards 34, inclined in rows in opposite directions at an angle of 45 ° to the horizon.

2. In height, each metal tee 33 is anchored in three tiers with flexible tapes 35. In this case, the device of the most flexible tape 35 is similar to that previously described in example 1.

3. Each flexible tape 35 is attached from the back of the front wall 1 to the metal I-beam 33 by enclosing a cylindrical element 36, which is equipped with two hooks 37. With these hooks 37, the cylindrical element 36 from different sides of the wall of the I-beam 33 is hooked to its rear shelf 38 with the possibility of vertical moving together with the flexible tape 35 through such a sliding hinge. If necessary, the rear shelf 38 of the I-beam 33 can be reinforced, for example, with a metal plate 39, which is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9.

4. A flexible tape 35 is attached to the front wall 1 with the formation of one free end, therefore, it is provided, for example, with three plate clamps 40 (Fig. 8).

Such a thin wall is structurally simple and non-metal-consuming. Moreover, the multi-tiered arrangement of anchor flexible tapes 35 additionally provides effective reinforcement of soil backfill 4.

It is advisable to experimentally erect such a wall on a high-water river when creating a temporary low-water berth flooded in the spring.

In the above examples 1 and 2 of a thin wall, the flexible tape 6 is loaded unevenly along the length, which reduces the elongation of the tape 6 in comparison with its uniform stretching by the allowable force. However, when using the strength properties of high-strength steel wire 7, working in conjunction with the polymer material of the flexible tape 6, the extension of such an anchor rod 5 may go beyond the permissible value. Therefore, when designing an anchored thin wall, it is advisable to provide for the construction inclination of the front wall 1 to the side of the soil backfill 4 (not shown in the drawing).

Designations:

1 - front wall

2 - base soil

3 - metal dowels

4 - soil filling

5 - anchor rod

6 - flexible tape

7 - steel wire

8 - transverse ribs

9 - metal pipe (same: anchor distribution belt)

10 and 11 - the free ends of the flexible tape

12 - bent U-shaped element

13 - nut

14 - washer

15 and 16 - leveling pads

17 - plate compression

18 - plate

19-bolt

20 - rubber-cord gasket

21 - tape laying

22 - wedge-shaped cavity

23 - liner

24 - overlay

25 - screw (nail)

26 - wooden anchor bar

27 - a stable part of soil backfill

28 - freely located flexible tapes

29 - the tip of the front wall

30 - metal tongue lock

31 - count

a - the width of the flexible tape

δ is the thickness of the flexible tape

h is the height of the transverse rib

d is the thickness of the transverse rib

c is the step of the transverse rib

Example 2:

32 - wooden beam

33 - metal tee

34 - boards

35 - flexible tape

36 - cylindrical element

37 - hook

38 - shelf (double tee)

39 - I-beam shelf reinforcement plate

40 - plate compression

Claims (8)

1. An anchored thin wall, characterized in that it has a front wall, the elements of which are partially immersed in the base soil, and anchor rods located in the soil backfill, each of which is made in the form of a flexible tape, each flexible tape made of a polymer material and contains steel wires stretched along the flexible tape from one end to the other, and the surface of the flexible tape on both sides is structured by transverse ribs made of polymer, which increase the intensity of Procedure soil and the flexible strip, each flexible strip is attached to the front wall with its rear side by grasping the front wall of the cylindrical member to form a flexible tape of one or two free ends, each of which is clamped with the choice of slack in the stable part backfill dirt. 2. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the steel wire is structured by irregularities. 3. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that opposite to each transverse rib on one side of the flexible tape is a transverse rib on the other side of the flexible tape. 4. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that between the surface of the cylindrical element and the flexible tape enclosing it, there is a strip gasket, which is made mainly of rubberized cord fabric and accompanies a double flexible tape after setting beyond the plate compression located at a distance from the cylindrical element at least three of its diameters. 5. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil backfill below the anchor flexible tapes is reinforced with freely spaced flexible tapes. 6. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall is made of a series of metal dowels partially immersed in the ground, while a metal pipe is attached to the metal dowels on the back of the front wall, which is horizontal and forms an anchor on the front wall distribution belt with a cylindrical surface for flexible tapes. 7. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall is made of wooden beams horizontally located in the grooves of the guiding metal I-beams, partially immersed vertically in the ground of the base, while a horizontally arranged cylindrical element is attached to the metal I-beam from the back of the front wall the possibility of vertical movement together with a flexible tape covering it. 8. The wall according to claim 7, characterized in that the cylindrical element is equipped with two hooks, which on different sides of the wall of the I-beam hooks on its rear shelf with the possibility of vertical movement together with a flexible tape.

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