RU2473404C2 - Method of increasing well efficiency and, particularly, to tillage equipment that to process subsoil waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. In compliance with proposed method, used are drain tubes with head part to allow fitting drain tube in soil and support structural element comprising guide channels to guide drain tubes. Note here that every channel has arc-like section for guiding drain tubes in soil. Drain tubes have perforated holes to feed fluids or gases into soil. In case said tubes are evacuated, fluids or gases may be extracted from soil.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of spotted penetration in soil.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The object of the invention is a group of methods, structures and engineering solutions that provide an improvement to existing, usually vertically located point-type engineering structures used for soil and groundwater treatment or for extracting or pumping groundwater (wells penetrating into the soil lance-shaped tubular elements (lances) etc.) in the field of tillage and groundwater. When using these methods, small diameter drainage pipes can be installed in the ground at a given depth, in radial directions, as a result of which the impact zone according to the original solution can be increased, and / or the applicability of the original solution can be expanded, and / or it can be made possible Combining the original solution with other applications.

There are many currently known methods, implemented locally and designed to reduce pollution of soil and groundwater. Most of these commonly used solutions focus on cost-effective soil and groundwater cultivation by minimizing mass movement. To reduce costs, the primary goal is to minimize the amount of soil transported. Therefore, they usually seek to solve the problem in the depths of the earth, directly at a given depth, where the pollution zone is located. Existing physical, chemical or biological methods and methods obtained by combining these methods are mainly based on structural elements of the linear type and surface type (trench drainage, drainage pipes, surface drains, etc.) or point type (wells, spear-shaped tubular elements, etc.). The essence of the methods based on drainage is to form a trench in the area of the soil to be treated, in which a permeable (usually perforated) pipe (drainage pipe, pipe for soil) is laid on a porous base (mainly sand, sand gravel or gravel base). Thus, this combination will be applicable for the collection of groundwater, the absorption of technically treated water, aeration of soil masses or the introduction of bacteria cultures, their nutrition and air supply. A similar solution is described in patent application P9200430 (publication number: 64438). There are also types of developments that do not contain drainage pipes or drainage pipes, but only a trench with high porosity, which provides the necessary drainage function. The main advantage of these solutions is a large impact area, which leads to fast and efficient operation. However, the main disadvantage is that these solutions require the movement of large quantities of soil, and also require intermediate materials (e.g. gravel) in large quantities. Therefore, they are expensive technologies, and, in addition, they are often not suitable for use in built-up areas. Point-type solutions are based on a tubular device (a casing of a drilled well or a spear-shaped tubular element penetrating into the soil, etc.) that is permeable (usually by cutting grooves) and inserted into the ground (by drilling, blocking, etc. ) These devices are also suitable for collecting groundwater, for absorbing treated water (re-injection), aerating soil masses, or introducing bacteria cultures, feeding them and supplying them with air. Since these solutions involve the movement of substantially smaller amounts of soil, point-type systems are much cheaper than their trench or surface-type counterparts. Due to their point nature, they can be successfully applied in areas of dense development. However, they also have disadvantages. Since the zone of their influence largely depends on the characteristics of the soil mass to be treated, they often must be installed with a relatively high density, which leads to a decrease in economic efficiency. In addition, the use of point-type devices is limited in the case of those methods of soil and groundwater treatment that require aeration, due to the so-called "cone effect", which causes the collapse of the area subjected to aeration.

Another problem is the processing of areas located under larger buildings. Often in these situations, processing using any of the existing technologies is not possible. Despite the fact that there is a subtype of methods based on spear-shaped tubular elements in which spear-shaped tubular elements are inserted at an angle instead of a vertical insert, this subtype requires pits or a large trench and special equipment, which makes the method also expensive.

By using the present invention, goals can be achieved to increase the efficiency of point type technologies to a level similar to that of a zone exposed by a trench type method. When applying specific embodiments of the invention, several stages of work can be carried out for groundwater through the use of the same engineering structure. For example, the same engineering structure can be used to extract groundwater and evaporate treated water.

Details of the invention will be explained below with reference to the attached schematic drawings, in which:

figure 1 is a schematic view of a system installed in the ground, before inserting drainage pipes into a given area;

figure 2 shows in more detail the area around the outlet of the drainage pipe shown in figure 1;

figure 3 shows the progress of the drainage pipe in the ground;

figure 4 illustrates how installed in a given position, the drainage pipe is used to introduce substances into the ground;

5 illustrates how a drain pipe installed in a predetermined position is used in conjunction with a vacuum.

The invention is based on the improvement of existing, mainly used casing, penetrating into the soil spear-shaped tubular elements and other vertical elements of a rigid structure used as supporting structural elements 1 in such a way that they include (have) longitudinal channels 5, which are adapted for directions of drainage pipes 2 of small diameter. The channels are arranged in such a way that in a given place of the supporting structural element 1, which corresponds to the depth of the zone to be processed, there is an arcuate section 6, bending towards the outer surface of the supporting structural element 1 and designed to prevent breaking the curve. Drainage pipes 2 of small diameter are moved forward in a vertical direction in the channels 5 under the action of a force applied on the surface. When they reach the arcuate sections 6, they change direction without breaking and continue to move in the horizontal direction 8 parallel to the radius direction of the supporting structural element 1. As the drainage pipes 2 move forward, they move from the supporting structural element 1 and enter the surrounding area 4 ( priming).

Penetration into the surrounding zone 4 (soil) is mainly facilitated by the configuration of the head part 3 of the drainage pipes 2, selected in accordance with the applied technology of pipe laying (pipe laying by pressing, drilling, pipe laying by pressing with washing, etc.). The predetermined wall section of the properly arranged drainage pipes contains perforations 9 or is otherwise permeable so that it allows the introduction of liquid or gas supplied under pressure into the drainage pipe 2 into the surrounding zone 4 or the possibility of extracting liquid or gas from the surrounding zone 4 through the drainage pipes 2 when applying a vacuum.

In the event that the configuration of the supporting structural element 1 allows this, its internal space 12 can be used to install measuring instruments, to extract water, or for other processes.

The second way of implementing the invention may be the so-called "drilled drainage microchannel" in accordance with paragraph 3 of the claims. In accordance with this embodiment, the entire surface of the small diameter drainage pipe and / or part or parts thereof comprise a spirally located blade. In this case, the drainage pipe is forcibly moved forward by means of a spiral blade when the pipe rotates in a given direction in the ground.

When using this embodiment of the method, the heterogeneity of the soil, having a smaller size (pebbles, clumps of clay) available in this area of the soil, can be bypassed.

The third embodiment of the method according to the invention can be a so-called “drilled microchannel obtained by pressing the jack in” according to paragraph 6 of the claims (this is essentially a combination of the two previous methods). The head of the drainage pipe has a conical configuration to reduce resistance at the front point. The surface of the drainage pipe contains a spiral blade with a large pitch, so that the application of a pressure force to the pipe will lead to a slight rotation in the soil, which under certain circumstances provides easier penetration into the soil.

The fourth possible embodiment of the invention is the so-called "obtained by jacking a drainage microchannel with a water-washed drill bit" in accordance with paragraphs 4, 5 of the claims. In accordance with paragraph 4 of the claims, the head of the drainage pipe contains holes directed forward and in other necessary directions, while water under high pressure can be introduced through these holes into the surrounding area of the soil. The wash water flushes, displaces or slurries the soil in front of the drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe can be easily inserted into the displaced soil zone thus obtained. Through the use of continuous flushing with water, the drain pipe can be installed in a given area. After installing the pipe in a predetermined position, the valve device is desirably actuated in accordance with paragraph 5 of the claims, for example, by closing the washing holes in the head of the drainage pipe with a ball inserted into it and forming a shut-off valve in the nose of the pipe. As a result, the flushing water supplied to the drainage pipe will enter the predetermined zone mainly not through the head part, but through the perforations in the wall of the drainage pipe.

It goes without saying that in addition to the exemplary embodiments described herein, a number of other applications are possible. Serial production of parts necessary for various embodiments of the invention can be carried out using known materials. Dimensioning / sizing rules for various types can be determined experimentally, and design reference brochures (booklets) designed to put the invention into practice can also be easily obtained. The application of various embodiments of the invention at the place of operation is based on existing technology, which can be improved and supplemented to better suit the application of the invention. Industrial application of the invention does not pose any particular problems.

Regarding the advantages of promoting the inventive method to the market, it should be pointed out that the invention may cause changes mainly in the field of environmental protection technologies, but it is currently difficult to evaluate its direct and indirect effects. Nevertheless, some changes can be predicted to a greater or lesser extent.

Improving circulating groundwater technology can benefit from the addition of a relatively simple purified water recirculation system that can reduce the negative effects of water recovery and can even replace conventional drainage methods. An equally important consideration may be that when applying the invention, purified groundwater can be reintroduced in an area in the immediate vicinity of the specified area to be treated.

Thus, the new method can be added to the group of soil leaching and soil aeration methods used for methods for improving soil conditions implemented at the place of operation. In some cases, trench-type drainage ditches (which require a huge amount of construction work) may become unnecessary, and methods involving the use of surface spraying technologies may also find new alternative applications. Purifying fluids and groundwater treated to improve their condition, used for leaching, can also be introduced directly into the treated zone, which increases the efficiency of improving soil conditions and provides a potential reduction in the amount of chemicals used.

When applying the method according to the invention, a breeding colony of bacteria used to biologically improve the condition of the soil and groundwater can be more effectively introduced into the zone to be treated. Nutrient delivery and aeration can also become more effective. The conical effect that occurs during aeration of wells and spear-shaped tubular elements can be eliminated to some extent.

Contaminated areas located beneath buildings, sidewalks, and other engineering structures in built-up areas may become available to some extent, thereby reducing recovery time or making restoration possible in places that were not accessible until now. The invention can be an important alternative solution in areas of dense development, since it is expected that there will be the possibility of applying the method according to the invention in confined areas.

Summarizing the above, it can be noted that the method according to the invention is likely to become an alternative to the currently used solutions, and in many cases it will replace the more expensive and / or less effective methods.

Claims (6)

1. The method of laying drainage pipes in combination with spear-shaped tubular elements penetrating into the soil and soil treatment devices used as supporting structural elements, characterized in that flexible drainage pipes (2) are introduced under the action of a force applied on the surface into the zone ( 4) soil using a support element (1), which has guide channels (5) containing an arcuate section (6), on which the drainage pipes (2) change direction from a vertical direction to a horizontal direction according to measures their introduction into the said zone (4) of ground, and wherein said drainage pipes (2) have a head portion (3) adapted for penetrating soil and also have perforations (9); this provides the processing of a two- or three-phase zone located near the drainage pipes, through drainage pipes, and the introduction of gas or liquid into the specified zone or extraction from it. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipes are introduced into the soil through the supporting structural element by laying pipes through mechanical, pneumatic punching. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipes are introduced into the soil through the supporting structural element by means of a rotational movement. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipes are introduced into the soil through the supporting structural element by washing with a liquid and / or purging with gas. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that in the flushing head, which promotes the drainage pipe (2) in the ground, or in other elements used in the flushing method, the valve part is located, while the valve part is made to close after installation the drainage pipe in a predetermined position for better use of the perforated section of the drainage pipe. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipes are introduced into the soil through the supporting structural element through a combination of methods according to claim 2, and / or 3, and / or 4, and / or 5.

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