RU2472901C1 - Water-intake tubular well and device for its erection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: water-intake tubular well comprises a perforated casing pipe in soil arranged with its perforated section in a water-bearing layer of rocks, and a water-lifting device in it. At the upper end the casing pipe is equipped with a cover with a collar installed on it, on the cord of which there is a water-lifting pipe suspended. The water-lifting pipe has an injection valve at the lower input and a circular body along the casing pipe diameter with a suction valve and elements of hydraulic seal along the external diameter in the form of circular grooves. To drill a water-intake tubular well, a device is used, which comprises drilling pipes and a cutting drilling bit. The drilling bit is equipped with a container with a valve made of light material, for instance, plastic, to stock damaged rock. Drilling pipes are lighter pipes, for instance, water-gas pipes. On the upper end of drilling pipes there is a transverse lever of rotation. In case of high drilling depth a device is used for lowering and raising operations, including a clamp of drilling pipes and a support for clamp placement. The support is made in the form of a well head with openings of trapezoidal shape on the upper end. The clamp is made of one movable and one fixed halves with a tightening bolt and radial levers laid into openings of the well head.

EFFECT: increased height of water raising from a water-intake tubular well.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water supply from underground sources.

Known use for water supply wells (ed. Certificate. No. 1211410, figure 1, V.I. Lukyanov, 1983). They are constructed of significant diameter up to 300 mm to accommodate submersible pumps and their control equipment. Due to the large diameter of the wells, the cost of their construction, the very high metal consumption of the casing pipes are high.

In rural living conditions, wells are often shallow, up to the first aquifer, and water consumption is limited. Therefore, tubular water wells are more often used. The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the Abyssinian well (O.N.Dolin Wells and do-it-yourself wells, 1988, Fig. 18 and 19). It represents a steel perforated pipe several times smaller in diameter than a well. This pipe is either clogged into the ground or installed in an already prepared hole in the ground with a perforated section in the aquifer of the rocks. From the surface, this pipe is evacuated by a pump. Such a water well reduces the cost of its construction by at least 10 times. But its disadvantage lies in the low height of water rise - up to 10 meters theoretically.

The objective of the invention is to increase the height of the rise of water from a water intake tubular well.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well pipe installed in the perforated section in the aquiferous rocks, pistoning is carried out due to the gravity of the water-lifting pipe.

The water intake tubular well is shown in the drawing attached to the description (Figure 1).

In the intake tubular well 15 there is a water lifting pipe 1 having a discharge valve 2 at the lower inlet, as well as an annular cylindrical body 3 with a diameter along the casing 4 and hydraulic sealing elements along the outer diameter of this body 3 in the form of annular grooves 5. In this body 3 is installed a suction valve 10. At the upper end of the casing 4, a cap 6 is put on, on which a collar 7 is placed, having handles 8 on both ends to rotate it. The water lifting pipe 1 is suspended on the cable 9 from the gate 7. To center the water lifting pipe 1 in the well and reduce the effort for lifting it, two pulleys 13 are mounted on the diametrically opposite walls of the pipe 1, through which the cables 9 are thrown from the hook 14 in the cover 6.

The water intake well is operated as follows. The water-lifting pipe is lowered into the well until it comes into contact with the free surface of the water.

When lowering the riser 1, the cover 6 is locked with the lever 11 on the riser 1. In this position, the riser can be for a long time, because sometimes the load on the surface of the water from the weight of the riser 1 without ballast may not be enough to open the spring-loaded valve 2. For due to the application of additional load to the pipe 1 by muscular efforts or the weight of the operator, for example, applied to the wishbone 11 on the pipe 1, the pressure on the surface of the water increases sharply, valve 2 and a certain a portion of water in the amount of several tens of liters is pushed through the pipe 1 onto the day surface to the collecting tank 12. After removing the load from the lever 11, the water supply is stopped and the lifting pipe 1 can be raised to its original position due to the formation pressure of the water or due to the gate 7, if reservoir pressure is low. When lifting the pipe 1 with the collar 7, a vacuum can form under the piston 3. When a vacuum appears, valve 10 opens and water above the piston 3 flows under the piston 3, and subsequently atmospheric air. During repeated pistoning, air through the valve 2 can enter the pipe channel 1 and facilitates the rise of the water contained in it. In this way, operations can be repeated until the desired amount of water is raised.

Device for drilling a tubular well

Known drilling rigs for drilling wells (G.N. Odintsov, S.P. Shtoda, A.L. Lyubarsky. Self-propelled drilling rig SBU-150-ZIV, Gosgeolizdat, 1957). When drilling for domestic purposes, these rigs are disadvantageous, since they greatly increase the cost of work. The best option for living conditions if the construction of water wells would be carried out without the use of drilling rigs at all.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the construction of manual water intake wells (O. Dolin. Do-it-yourself well construction, 1988, pp. 26-35). But this technology is expensive and time-consuming due to the high metal consumption of the tool, since drilling is designed for submersible pumps. Since the use of submersible pumps is not planned in our relatively shallow intake well, the diameter of the well can be reduced, and the metal consumption of the tool is reduced.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the metal consumption of the tool to a value that provides not only manual drilling, but also manual tripping operations that do not require the use of lifting mechanisms and drilling rigs.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that lightweight pipes, for example, gas and water pipes with locks having quick-taper tapered threads, are used as drill pipes, and the drill bit is made in the form of overhead cutting inserts with a container for drill fines made of light material, such as plastic, and equipped with a valve preventing the loss of little things during lifting operations.

The drilling tool is shown in the drawing attached to the description (Figure 2).

The drilling tool includes drill pipes 16 with a wishbone 17 at their upper end, a cutting drill bit 18 with overhead cutting plates 19, a waste storage container 20 having a valve 21, the short ends of which are tensioned by a spring 22. The drill pipes 16 are connected by drill locks 23 having quick taper tapered threads. Drill pipes 16 are connected to container 5 by a cage 24.

Drilling a well under a tubular well is as follows. A drill string is assembled, including a drill bit 18 with a container 20, drill pipes 16 and an upper drill pipe nozzle with a lever for rotation 17. Then, the driller manually rotates the entire drill string. At the same time, the drill bit 18 also rotates, cutting off a layer of dense deposits. The drill bit is lowered, and the destroyed rock is pushed along the inclined surface of the cutter into the container 20. As the container is loaded, the rock presses on the long flaps of valve 6 and closes the valve. By measuring the depth of immersion of the drill string, you can judge the degree of filling of the container. After filling the container with destroyed rock, a decision is made to raise the drill string and unload the destroyed rock from the container. When drilling to a depth of 15 m, the drill string is raised and lowered manually without any lifting devices. Only for screwing and unscrewing pipes can the drill string be temporarily mounted on a stand. When drilling to a greater depth, the diameter of the drill pipe can increase from 20 mm to 25 mm to increase the rigidity of the string and prevent twisting during rotation. With a drilling depth of more than 15 m, devices for hoisting operations are used.

Device for hoisting operations with a drill string

A device for hoisting operations with a drill string in drilling rigs includes a derrick or mast, a winch, a drive motor and an auxiliary tool for screwing and unscrewing drill pipes. (G.N. Odintsov, S.P. Shtoda, A.L. Lyubarsky. Self-propelled drilling rig SBU-150-ZIV, pp. 7-21, Gosgeolizdat, 1957). But for shallow wells, this is an expensive and redundant set of equipment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a set of equipment for manual drilling of wells (O. Dolin. Wells and do-it-yourself wells, p. 34, 1988). When drilling wells manually for hoisting operations, use a winch or a manual winch, a drilling rig and an auxiliary tool.

When constructing small-diameter water intake wells, as in our case, the need for a winch and a drilling tower is eliminated due to the small weight of the drill string and the limited depth of the water well of several tens of meters. Only the clamp for the rod and the stand for it, shown in the drawing, are used (Figure 3).

The device for hoisting operations with the drill string contains a stand 25, made in the form of a well head with a wide flange 33 and trapezoidal openings 34 at its upper end, a clamp 26, made in the form of a frame 27 with radial levers 28. Frame 27 is two the halves of the clamp, one of which 29 is fixed and the second 30 is movable, on a hinge 31. Both halves of the clamp are connected by a coupling bolt 32. The walls of the openings 34 are inclined to the vertical, from which the lower base of the trapezoid is smaller than the upper. Therefore, when installing the clamp 26 in the aperture 34, the halves of the clamp, sliding along the inclined wall of the aperture 34, close tightly on the drill pipe. The coupling bolt 32 is used only when lifting and lowering the drill pipe string longer than 15 ... 20 meters.

Hoisting operations are as follows. After the cessation of drilling in connection with the filling of the container 20 of the drill bit with destroyed rock, they begin to raise the drill string. To do this, clamp 26 is put on the drill pipe and put it in the opening 34 of stand 25, tighten the clamp bolt 32. Unscrew the upper pipe above clamp 26 and use the levers 28 to lift the entire string until the next drill lock comes out of the well. At the same time, the entire column hangs on the clamp 26, resting on the end face of the upper drilling lock. A second clamp is brought under the lower drill lock and laid on a stand 25 in the opening 34. The string is lowered onto the second clamp, and the first is removed from the pipe. The drill pipe is turned away and installed or laid in stock. After that, the levers 28 raise the pipe string with their hands until the third drill lock comes out of the well. And so they continue until the entire string is lifted from the well.

The descent of the drill string is carried out in the reverse order.

Claims (4)

1. An intake tubular well, including a perforated casing pipe in the ground, placed a perforated section in the aquiferous rocks, and a lifting device in it, characterized in that at the upper end of the casing pipe is provided with a lid with a collar mounted on it, on the cable of which a lifting pipe is suspended having a discharge valve at the lower inlet and an annular body along the diameter of the casing with a suction valve and hydraulic seal elements along the outer diameter in the form of annular grooves. 2. The water intake pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the water pipe in the upper part is equipped with pulleys from diametrically opposite sides and they are supported by a cable running from the hook on the cover to the gate. 3. The device for drilling a water intake tubular well according to claim 1, comprising drill pipes, a cutting drill bit, characterized in that the drill bit is provided with a container with a valve made of light material, such as plastic, for storing the destroyed rock, as drill pipes used lightweight pipes, for example water and gas pipes, and a transverse rotation lever is fixed at the upper end of the drill pipes. 4. Device for hoisting operations during drilling of a water well, including a clamp for drill pipes, a stand for placing a clamp, characterized in that the stand is made in the form of a wellhead with trapezoidal openings on the upper end, and the clamp is made of one movable and one fixed halves with a tightening bolt and radial levers laid in the openings of the wellhead.

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